初中情态动词专项复习

ModalVerbsZhangRuobingModalVerbsmustcan/couldhave/hadtomay/mightusedtooughttoshall/shouldwill/wouldneedhadbetter01概念和特点02易混情态动词辨析03常考点归纳目录CONTENTS04具体用法概念：情态动词是表示情态意义的动词，表示说话人的语气和情态，它不能单独作谓语，必须与实义动词一起构成谓语。特点：·情态动词有一定的意义·无人称和数的变化。·除了ought和have通常不带to，后加动词原形·表示说话人的语气或情绪（请求、警告、命令等）概念和特点01①表示能力，“能，会”。②表示请求，许可，多用于口语，可与may互换。③表推测的否定形式用can’t，常用于否定句或疑问句。Eg:Lihuacan’tbeintheclassroom.Eg:Youcangonow.Eg:Canyouplaybasketball?Eg:IcouldswimwhenIwassevenyearsold.can/could用法表许可表推测表能力表过去的能力02may/might①表示推测，“可能，也许”，用于肯定句。②表示请求，“许可,可以”。might表示说话更委婉，礼貌。注：表请求,许可时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，否定回答用mustn’t/can’t表“不可以，禁止”,不用maynot“可能不”。③表示祝愿。Eg:Mayyousucceed!Eg:--MayIsmokeinthisroom?--Yes,youmay.--No,you______________.Eg:Hemaycometomorrow.表祝愿表可能表许可can’t/mustn’tshall/should①用于第一、三人称表示征求意见，询问。②表示说话人的态度，“命令，警告，允诺，威胁”。③should表示劝告，建议，“应该”。Eg:ShallI/weopenthewindow?Eg:Youshallfinishyourhomeworkfirst.Eg:Youshouldlistentoyourteacher.表征求意见表说话人的态度表劝告will/would①用于第二人称表示询问，请求。②表示意愿，决定，允诺，用于各种人称。③would表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。Eg:Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation?Eg:Willyoulendmethebook?Eg:Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou.表委婉询问表询问请求表意愿①表示“必须，应该”。②表示推测，肯定句中，表“一定”。mustn’t表示禁止，“不允许”Eg:Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.It____beJim.③以must开头的疑问句，肯定句回答用must,否定回答用needn’t/don’thaveto,表示“不需要，不必”。mustmust--Mustwehandinourexercisebookstoday?--Yes,youmust.--No,you____________________.needn’t/don’thaveto①情态动词：+do,用need提问或回答，肯定句回答用must,否定句回答用needn’t.Eg:NeedIcometoschooltomorrow？②实义动词：+todo,需要做某事，用助动词提问和否定。③+doing表示被动=sth.needtobedone.需要做某事needEg:Myclothesneedwashing.=Myclothesneedtobewashed.→Ineedtowashmyclothes.Yes,youmust.No,youneedn’t.must1)must必须,表示说话人的主观看法。03易混辨析musthaveto2)haveto不得不，表示客观需要。Imustcleantheroombecausetherearetoodirty.Ihavetoleaveschoolbecausemyfamilyispoornow.（无人强迫）（无耐）表示推测、可能性might---may---must也许、可能、一定1．Hemightbeverybusynow.2．Hemaybeverybusynow.3.Hemustbeverybusynow.辨析1.You’reTom’sgoodfriend,soyou_____knowwhathelikesbest.2.---AreyougoingtoBeijingbyplane?---Iamnotsure.I______takeatrain.mustmay可能性递增⑴hadbetterdo最好做某事否定：hadbetternotdoEg:Youhadbetterstayathome.⑵beableto与can表示能力时用法相同，但前者有时态的变化，有能力成功做某事。Eg:Wewillbeabletocomebacknextweek.辨析hadbetterbeableto&can句型肯定回答否定回答CanI…Yes，youcan.No,youcan’t.MayI…MustI…Yes,youmust.NeedI…Yes,youmust.情态动词开头的疑问句的答语04考点Yes,youmay.No,youmustn’t.No,youcan’t.No,youneedn’t.No,youdon’thaveto.No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.常见情态动词的否定用法04考点否定形式含义及用法例句Lilycan’tbeathomebecauseIsawhergooutjustnow.Youmustn’tplayfootballontheroad.Weshouldn’twastewater.can’tmustn’tshouldn’t表示推测意为“不可能”意为“一定不要，不允许”意为“不应该”常见情态动词的否定用法04考点意为“不需要”意为“最好不要”needn’thadbetternotMustIfinshmyhomeworknow?No,youneedn’t.Youhadbetternotsmokebecauseit’shadforyourhealth.Sayings1.Friendsmustpart.2.Acatmaylookataking.3.Biteoffmorethanonecanchew.天下无不散的宴席。猫也有权晋见国王。贪多咽不下。/贪多嚼不烂。1.-______youspeakJapanese?-No,Ican’t.A.CanB.MustC.MayD.Should2.You______stopwhenthetrafficlightisred.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need3.LiLeican’tgohikingwithustoday.Becausehe____takecareofhissickmother.A.hastoB.mayC.mustn’tD.need’tACA4.Thelightintheofficeisoff.Theteacher______betherenow.A.mayB.can’tC.mustn’tD.must5.Hisparentsboughthimalargehouse.It____beveryexpensive.A.mustB.canC.mustn’tD.can’tBA6.-MustItakethekeyboardtotheofficenow?-No,you_____.Youcandoitlater.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.don’tD.needn’t7.-MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?-No,you______.Youmustreadithere.A.maynotB.don’thavetoC.mustn’tD.needn’tDC8.-Howisyourfriendscoming?-I’mnotsure.He____drivehere.A.mayB.canC.mustD.Will9.-ShallItellBobthenews?-No,you____,I’vetoldhimalready.A.shouldn’tB.wouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t10.We’dbetter___athome.A.stayB.stayingC.tostayD.stayed11.youtellmewheretheMarketis?A.WouldB.MustC.ShouldD.HaveADAAASummary1.常用情态动词的用法2.表猜测的情态动词may,can’t,must.3.情态动词开头的疑问句的答语4.易混淆的情态动词haveto&must；might,may&mustcan&beableto；补充：need的用法；hadbetter的用法。Homework根据今天所学知识，请做一份情态动词的思维导图。Thankyou!