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Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?一．情态动词could的用法1.提出礼貌的要求Couldyouplease(not)dosth?请你（做）......好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.肯定回答：Yes,sure./Yes,Ican./Ofcourse,Ican./Certainly./Noproblem./Withpleasure.否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t/I’mafraidIcan’t.Ihaveto…,I’mgoingto…(说明理由)2.表示请求许可CouldIdoasth?我可以做......吗？肯定回答：Yes,youcan./Yes,please/Ofcourse/Certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,youcan’t/I’mafraidyoucan’t.3.could为can的过去式，表示过去的能力。=was/wereabletoSectionA1.takeouttherubbish把垃圾带出去2.dothedishes=washthedishes洗碗碟3.foldyourclothes折衣服4.sweepthefloor扫地5.makeyourbed整理床铺6.cleanthelivingroom打扫起居室7.dosomewashing/shopping/cleaning洗衣服/购物/做清洁8.gooutfordinner出去吃晚饭9.gotothemovies去看电影10.stayoutlate/untilnine呆到很晚/呆到9点钟11.getaride撘车12.givesbaridetotown开车送sb到镇上13.needtodosomething需要做……14.havetodosomething不得不做……15.helpoutwithafewthings帮助做些事情16.atleast至少,多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反)atmost至多，不超过17.finishdoingsomething完成做……18.twohoursofTV两个小时的电视表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，被视作整体，谓动用单数。19.be/comebackfromshopping购物回来20.anyminute/second/momentnow随时21.beangrywith…对……生气22.solvetheproblem解决问题23.throwdown扔下，随手丢下。throwat向…扔去（恶意）throwto…扔给throwaway扔掉24.theminute……/assoonas…/themoment…一…….就……(引导时间状语从句，主将从现)25.comeover过来，顺便来访26.takethedogforawalk=takeawalkwith…遛狗27.replyangrily生气地回答28.allthetime一直allday一整天allevening整晚29.shoutback吼回去talkback顶嘴30neither/nor+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语“某人也不”neither两者都不neither…nor…既不…也不…(就近原则)neitherofus我们两个都不31insurprise惊讶地32find+宾语+adj/n./prep短语findsb.doingsth发现某人做某事findit+adj.+todosth发现做某事很……◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth发现做某事很困难33.sharethehousework分担家务sharesthwithsb.和某人分享某物34.hangoutwithsb和某人一起闲逛hangup把......悬挂/挂起35.passsbsth=passsthtosb把某物递给某人Passon传递36.borrowsfromsb从某人那里借某物37.lendsthtosb=lendsbsth把某物借给某人keep……for+一段时间：借…一段时间38.hatetodo/doingsth讨厌做……39.try(not)todosth努力（不）做某事。tryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth尽某人最大努力做某事tryon试穿trytodosth努力做某事【侧重尽力做】trydoingsth试图做某事【侧重尝试做】40.whileconj.“在……期间；当……的时候”While引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词.(进行时)SectionB1.invitev→invitationn邀请(1)invitesb.todosth邀请某人做某事(2)invitesb.to+地点邀请某人去某地2.enoughstressfromschool来自于学校的足够的压力underthestressof…在…的压力之下3.awasteoftime浪费时间wastev“浪费”wastetime/moneyonsth/(in)doingsth在。。。浪费时间/金钱4.人：spend……onsth人：pay……forsth物：sthcostsb+金钱(in)doingsthIttakessb+时间todosth.5.inorder(not)todosth为了做……6.getintoagooduniversity进入好大学7.thereisnoneedforsbtodosth对于某人来说没必要做……8.providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.为某人提供某物（为应急等做好准备而“提供；供给”）offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.侧重表示“愿意给予”offertodosth主动提出干某事Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.定期“供应”,强调替代或补充所需物品9.dependon…依靠……依赖，由…而决定10.developchildren’sindependence养成孩子的独立（习惯）→development→developed/developing11.theideaoffairness公平意识12.havenoidea=don’tknow不知道13.fallill生病14.gradesdrop成绩下降15.asaresult因此，结果asaresultof…由于……作为……的结果16.It’sfair/unfairforsbtodosth对于某人来说，做……是（不）公平的。17.getsomethingtodrink买饮料18.becarefulwith…小心对待……19.afewotherthings另处几件事20.Doone’spart(in)doingsth.尽自己的职责做某事21.theearlier...thebetter…越早……越好…….【模拟试题】一、英汉互译。1.playwith___________2.haveatest___________3.dochores___________4.takeout___________5.makethebed___________6.sweepthefloor___________7.从……借___________8.遛狗___________9.生气___________10.照顾___________11.邀请某人到……___________12.忙于/从事___________13.洗餐具___________14.做饭___________二、根据要求答题。1.Couldyouhelpmecleanthelivingroom?（作肯定回答）_____________,____________________.2.Thanksfortakingcareofmydog.（变同义句）_________________for________________mydog.3.Remembertocleanthebed.（改为同义句）________________tocleanthedoor.4.Canyoulendyourpentome?（改为同义句）Can________________yourpen?5.Iliketowashtheplatesbecauseit’srelaxing.（就划线部分提问）________________you________towashtheplates?三、用could,can,may,must,needn’t填空。1.A:________youanswerthequestioninEnglish?B:Sorry,I________.________IansweritinEnglish?A:No,you________.You________answeritinChinese.2.A:________Iaskaquestion?B:Yes,you________.Butyou________wait,aminute.3.A:________Iuseyoureraser,Bill?B:Sorry.Idon’thaveone.AskMary.She_________haveone.4.A:________youhelpmedotheshopping.B:OK,Sure.5.A:________yousweepthefloor?B:ButI________finishmyhomeworkfirst.四、单项填空。1.—Whatadirtyroom!Youshouldn’tthrowyourwastethingseverywhere.-Oh,Iamsorry,Iamgoingto________andputtheminthewastebox.A.foldmyclothesB.takeoutthetrashC.watchTV2.—Couldyoupleasegotothemovieswithmetonight?—Sorry,mymotherisillinbed,andIhaveto______her.A.takecareofB.takeawalkwithC.takeover3.Don’t_________thedog.it’sdangerous,it’llbiteyou.A.playwithB.playC.playfor4.—Jim,comeout.Let’sgotoplayfootball.—Sorry.I’m_______amathsproblem.A.workingoutB.workingonC.workingfor5.—Mum,CouldIgoshoppingwithyou?—Yes,________Butyouhavetofinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.youcanB.youcouldC.youcan’t6.Mymotheroften________mylittlesister_________ofthehouseandplayswithherinthegarden.A.take…outB.takes…outC.takes…to7.I_________doingthedishesbecauseit’sboring.A.hatesB.hateC.like8.I_________somemoneyfromhim,butI’ll_______ittohiminafewdays.A.borrow,returnB.lend,borrowC.borrow,keep9.________theyoungtreesisourduty.A.TakinggoodcareofB.TakegoodcareofC.Takesgoodcareof