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１状语从句在复合句中作状语，位置灵活。状语从句可分为时间状语从句，目的状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，方式状语从句，结果状语从句。（一）时间状语从句1.when,as,whilea.when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。Eg:WhenIgetthereIwillcallyou.如果when引导的时状的主语与主句的主语相同，而从句的谓语又是be动词时，那么从句中的主语与be可省。Eg：When（youare）introuble,youcanaskherforhelp.如果when引导的时状的主语与主句的主语相同时，往往可以用“when+分词”的形式代替该状从。Eg：WhenIcameintotheroom(Whencomingintotheroom),Ifoundthelightwasoff.b.while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，或者主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行过程中。主句的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词。Eg:HecameinwhileIwasreadingabook.ImetherwhileIwasinschool.c.as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同在时间点或同时间段进行。同时可表示主句的动作随着从句的动作的变化而变化。Eg:Hejumpsashesings.Asthewindrose,thenoiseincreased.2.before(在……之前)与after（在……之后）Eg：Seemebeforeyouleave.IsawthemafterIarrived.3.till与until肯定形式表示的意思是做某事直至某时。否定形式表达的意思是直至某时才做某事。Eg:Waittill/untillIcallyou.等着直到我叫你。Shedidn'tarrivetill/until6o'clock..她直到6点才到但是置于句首时只可用untill.Untilyoutoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened.直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。否定形式有另外两种表达方式：(1)Notuntil…在句首，主句用倒装。Mandidnotknowwhatheatwasuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury.=Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturydidmanknowwhatheatwas.(2)Itisnotuntil…that…Hewillnotgotobeduntilhismothercomeshome.=Itisnotuntilhismothercomeshomethathewillgotobed.4.assoonas/themoment/theinstant/thesecond/theminute/immediately和hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…thana.assoonas/themoment/theinstant/thesecond/theminute/immediately表示主句和从句的动作同时发生。译为“一……就”Eg：Assoonassheheardthenews,shebegancrying.b.hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than都可以表示一……就……的意思，但主句谓语动词一般要用过去完成时，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时。Eg：Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.注意：如果hardly,scarcely或nosooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain。1.WecalledtheFirst-AidCenter_______thetrafficaccidenthappened.A.immediatelyB.shortlyC.quicklyD.hurriedly2.Therooffell_____hehadtimetodashintotheroomtosavehisbaby.A.beforeB.asC.afterD.until3.Agoodstorytellermustbeabletoholdhislisteners’curiosityhereachestheendofthestory.AwhenBwheneverC.afterD.until4.Ihadjuststartedbackforthehousetochangemyclothes_______Iheardthevoices.A.asB.forC.whileD.when5.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.２A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As(二)目的状语从句1.(so)that/inorderthat（so）that/inorderthat表示“为了，以便”，引导的目的状语从句要用虚拟语气。Eg:Heshoutedatthetopofhisvoicesothat/inorderthathemightbeheard.如果表示“为了，以便”的目的状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同，可用inorderto或soasto替代。Eg：Icameearlysoasto/inordertocatchthefirsttrain.3.lest,forfearthat,incaselest,forfearthat,incase表示“以免，以防”。其中lest,forfearthat要用(should)+动词原形的虚拟语气；incase后的从句可用虚拟语气，也可用陈述语气。Eg：Iwillnotmakeanoiselest/forfearthatI(should)disturbyou.Takeyourumbrellaincaseitrains.Ex.1.Hewhisperedtohiswife_______hemightwakeupthesleepingbaby.A.sothatB.onconditionthatC.forfearthatD.solongas2.Rosesneedspecialcaretheycanlivethroughwinter.A.becauseBsothatCevenifDas3.Leaveyourkeywithaneighbouryoulockyourselfoutoneday.AeversinceBevenifCsoonafterDincase4.Takeyourumbrellawithyou____________itrains.A.ifB.asifC.incaseD.aslongas5.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless(三)条件状语从句1.if:“如果”(如为真实条件句用陈述语气、如为非真实条件句用虚拟语气)Eg:Ifitsnowstomorrow,theflightwillbecanceled.IfIwereabird,Iwouldfly.2.incase,onconditionthat,provinding,provided(that),supposing,supposed(that):“假如，在……条件下”Eg:ThemotherpromisestothesontobuyhimatoyairplaneonconditionthathepasseshisEnglishtest.Suppose(that)hedoesnotcome,whatshallwedo?3.unless:“除非”（=ifnot）Eg:Wecan’tgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight=Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedon’tbooktheearliestflight.4.as/solongas:“只要”Eg:Wewillsucceedaslongaswekeepontrying.Ex1.--Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?--I’llprobablygoforawalklateron___itstaysfine.A.asfarasB.solongasC.evenifD.asif2.WewillhaveapicnicintheparkthisSundayitrains.AsinceBifCunlessDuntil3.Youwillpasstheexamyouworkhard.AunlessBevenifCasifDif（四）让步状语从句1.“虽然，即使，尽管”a.although/though/eventhough/evenifalthough/though语气较弱（尽管），eventhough/evenif（即使）语气较强。although和though可以互换，但though可以用于倒装也可以不倒装。（参见as引导让步状语从句的用法）Eg:Although/thoughitwasnothisfault,hetookalltheblame.Evenif/Eventhoughyoudon’tlikeyourboss,youshoulddoyourwork.b.asas可引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然、尽管”，但要用倒装结构，形式如下：1）.形容词+as+主语+系动词。如：Eg:Tiredasheis,heofferstohelpme.2）.过去分词+as+主语+系动词。如：Eg:Well-writtenasthebookis,theauthorisnotsatisfiedandpreparedtoreviseit.3）.名词+as+主语+系动词。如：Eg:Studentasheis,hedoesnotstudyhard.4）.副词+as+主语+谓语部分。如：Eg:MuchasIadmirehiscourage,Idon’tthinkheactedwisely.３5）.动词原形+as+主语+谓语的另一部分（情态动词或助动词may,might,will,would等）。如：Eg:Tryasyouwill,youwon’tbeabletopersuadehim.注意：①若提前的表语是没有形容词修饰的单数可数名词，要省略不定代词。②若提前的是动词原形，与之连用的情态动词要置于原来的位置，即主语之后。③though在引导让步状语从句时可像as一样倒装。2.while:尽管Eg:Whileit’snoneofmybusiness,Iwillwatchyou.3.nomatter(what,when,where):无论（什么，何时，何地）Eg:Theoldmanwouldn’tbelieveanythingnomatterwhatyousaid.Pleasetellmetheresultnomatterwhenyougetit.4.however:不论怎样。however引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装，一般在however后加形容词或副词。Eg:Thefathercouldn’tmakehisdaughtersmilehoweverhardhetried.5.whether…ornot:不管是否Eg:Whetherheisgoodornot,thecompanydecidedtosendhimabroad.总结：1)although与though在一些情况下可互换，都可以与yet，still连用，但不能和but连用。2)however引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词。3)while也可引导让步