现在完成时课件

Unit1-Unit2Grammar现在完成时的构成主菜单上一页下一页助动词have(has）+过去分词过去分词的构成上一页下一页Typeoriginalp.tp.pcostcostcostreadreadreadmeetmetmetcatchcaughtcaughtrideroderiddenspeakspokespokenkeepkeptkeptdrinkdrankdrunkeatateeatenABBAAAABC主菜单①陈述句肯定形式。主语+have/has+过去分词+其它eg.Ihavehadlunch.已经吃过午饭了。HehasgonetoBeijing.他去北京了。②陈述句否定形式。主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其它（在助动词have/has后+not，可缩写为haven’t/hasn’t）eg.Ihaven’thadlunch.我还没吃饭Hehasn’tgonetoBeijing.他还没有去北京。上一页下一页主菜单现在完成时的基本句型③一般疑问句形式及其答语。Have/Has+主语＋过去分词＋其它将助动词have/has提前，句末加问号）肯定回答：Yes,主语＋have/has.否定回答：No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.－HashegonetoBeijing?－Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t.④特殊疑问句形式（疑问词+一般疑问句）特词+have/has+主语＋过去分词＋其它？eg.Wherehashegone?他去了哪里？上一页下一页主菜单现在完成时的主要用法一.表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果：强调结果。上一页下一页Hehasjustturnedoffthelight.(他刚把灯关了。)相当于：Heturnedoffthelightjustnow.Thelightisn’tonnow.即关灯这一动作对现在造成的结果和影响：现在灯不亮了。Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.(我已经完成了家庭作业。)主菜单二.表示从过去已经开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态：强调继续。上一页下一页Shehaslivedheresinceshewasborn.自从她出生时就一直住在这儿。IhavelearntEnglishformorethantenyears.我已经学了10多年的英语。现在完成时的主要用法主菜单三.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.上一页下一页HaveyoueverbeentotheSummerPalace?(你曾去过颐和园吗?)Ihaveneverhadacar.(我从未有过汽车。)现在完成时的主要用法主菜单汉译英1.我丢了我的历史书。2.我以前从来没去过那个农场。3.我妹妹成为一个学生了。4.他们已去了美国了。用havegoneto或havebeento/in填空。1)WhereisJack?He__________hiscountry.2)_____youever____America?--Yes,I______________theremanytimes.3)I__________thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.4)WhereisJim?He_____________thefarm.hasgonetobeentoHavehavebeenhavebeeninhasgoneto5)Wherearetheboystudents?They____theschoolfactory.6)Isyourfatherin?No,he_________toShenzhen._______heever______therebefore?Yes,he___________thereseveraltimeshavegonetohasgonetoHasbeenhasbeen7)HeaskedmeifI_____toHangzhoubefore.ItoldhimthatIwantedtogothereforavisitasI_____never______tothatcitybefore.havebeenhavebeen1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？2.你看过这部电影了吗？在下列情形下用现在完成时1．九词语•①already已经肯定句中或句尾例:Ihavealreadyfoundmypen.=Ihavefoundmypenalready.•②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾例：Ihavenotfinishedtheworkyet.Haveyouboughtacomputeryet?•③ever曾经句中例：Haveyoueverseenpandas?•④never从不句中例：IhaveneverbeentoBeijing.•⑤just刚刚句中例：Ihavejustdonemywork.•⑥before以前句尾例：Ihaveneverbeentherebefore.在下列情形下用现在完成时•⑦sofar到目前为止例：Sofarhehaslearnt200words.•⑧howlong多久例：Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?•⑨howmanytimes多少次例：HowmanytimeshashebeentoBeijing?在下列情形下用现在完成时2．两词组•havehasgoneto去了某地例：HehasgonetoBeijing(去了北京)•havehasbeento去过某地例：HehasbeentoBeijing.(去过北京)在下列情形下用现在完成时3.两结构since和for的用法在下列情形下用现在完成时★①sinceMr.Smithhasworkedheresince1984.（1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。）IhaveknownDanielsince7yearsago.（自从7年前我就认识丹尼尔。）He’slearnedabout500wordssincehewenttocollege.（他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词）上一页下一页主菜单一个时间点一段时间＋ago从句for＋一段时间（twoweeks/sixmonths/fivedays）for短语表示动作延续多长时间。Hehastaughtinthisschoolforfouryears.（我们认识有二十年了。）Ihaven’tseenherforalongtime.（我好久没有见到她了。）上一页下一页主菜单现在完成时态还常常用于下列句型•例：Theyhaveplantedmanytreesinthelastfewyears.在过去的几年，他们已经种了很多树。•例：ThisisthebestbookIhaveeverread.这是我曾经读过的最好的一本书。•例：ItisthefirsttimeIhaveplayedthecomputergames.这是我第一次玩电脑游戏。e.g.Ihavebeeninthenewschoolforaweek.foraweeklastweekpresentpastfor+时间段我已经来新学校一周了。e.g.LilyhasbeenawayfromhomesincelastFriday.sincelastFridaylastFridaypresentpastsince+时间点Lily自从上周五就离开了家。Fillintheblankswithfororsince.1.Hisfatherhasbeendead___manyyears.2.Hehasbeenawayfromthearmy_____sevenyearsbecauseofalegwound.3.HehasbeeninBeijing______2003.4.HehasbeenamemberofHelpers’Club_______2004.5.Hehashadahouse______2005.6.Hehaskeptthecar______oneyear.forforsincesincesincefor在现在完成时中，一次性动词不能和一段时间状语连用•例：Hehasboughtthebookfor3years.因buy这个一次性动词不能和一段时间for3years连用buy→have→havehadHehashadthebookfor3years.(错）since8:00Thewomanlefthomeat8:00.for2hours8:00present10:00past短暂性动词→延续性动词leave→beawayfromShehasbeenawayfromhomesince8:00.=Shehasbeenawayfromhomefor2hours.Heboughtacomputerin2007.fortwoyears2007present2009pastsince2007Hehashadacomputersince2007.=Hehashadacomputerfortwoyears.短暂性动词→延续性动词buy→haveborrow→keeplose→belostbreak→bebrokenopen→beopenclose→beclosedstop→beoverbegin/start→beonfinish/end→beovergetup→beupgetmarried→bemarriedcome/arrive/getto/reach/go→behere/in/at下一页还有其它的归纳如下：come--------leave--------gettoknow--------die--------buy--------borrow--------marry--------catchacold--------join--------fallill--------bebeaway(from)knowbedeadhavekeepbemarriedhaveacoldbeamemberof/beinbeill1.Hisfather________(die)in1992.Hisfather____________formanyyears.2.He________(leave)thearmybecauseofalegwoundin2002.He__________________thearmyfornineyearsbecauseofalegwound.3.He________(come)toBeijingin2003.He________Beijingsince2003.diedhasbeendeadlefthasbeenawayfromcamehasbeenin4He________(join)Helpers’Clubin2004.He__________amemberofHelpers’Clubsince2004.5.He________(buy)ahousein2005.He__________ahousesince2005.6.He__________(borrow)thecarin2009.He_______thecarfortwoyear.joinedhasbeenboughthashadborrowedhaskeptChoosethebestanswer.1.Hisfather____thePartysince1978.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasＤ.hasbeenin2.—Howlonghaveyou_____here?—Abouttwomonths.Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived3.Hurryup!Theplay__fortenminutes.Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegunＣ.hasbeenonＤ.beganChoosethebestanswer.4.Myparents_____Shandongfortenyears.Ａ.havebeentoＢ.havebeeninＣ.haveg