人教版七年级下册英语10单元知识点总结及练习题一、词汇拓展(1)specialadj.特殊的;特别的n.特色菜;特价品→speciallyad.特意地;专门地(2)differentadj.不同的;有区别的→differencen.区别;不同(3)luckn.运气;幸运→luckyadj.幸运的;运气好的→luckilyadv.幸运地;运气好地(4)trueadj.真实的;确实的→trulyad.真实地→truthn.真实;真相(5)worryv.担心;忧虑→worriedadj.担心的;着急的(6)childn.孩子;小孩→childrena.孩子们;小孩二、短语归纳(1)wouldlike想要同want(2)beefandtomatonoodles牛肉西红柿面(3)whatkindof什么种类的(4)thenumberof.........的数量(5)orangejuice橙汁(6)orderform订购表(7)fourbowlsof四碗.……(8)makeawish许一个愿(9)cometrue实现;或为现实(10)blowout吹灭(11)cutup切碎;切断(12)beshortof缺少;短缺(13)bepopularwith受到……欢迎(14)allof..……中的全部(15)inonego一次,一口气同atatime(16)CanIhelpyou?你要点什么吗?同WhatcanIforyou?(17).MayItakeyourorder?我可以给你点菜吗?(18)alarge/bigbowlof...一大碗......(19)whatsizebowlof...多大号碗的三、知识点fish(1)fish既可作可数名词,也可以作不可数名词。用作可数名词指鱼的条数时,单复数相同。例如:Iboughttwofishinthemarket.(2)fish用作可数名词指鱼的种类时,复数形式是fishes.例如:Therearemanykindsoffishesinthelake.(3)fish作不可数名词,意为“鱼肉”。Doyoulikefishoreggs?你喜欢吃鱼肉还是鸡蛋?(4)fish还可以作动词,意为“钓鱼”。Let’sgofishingtomorrow.让我们明天去钓鱼吧。四、知识点special(1)special作名词时,意为“特色菜、特价品、特别的事物”等。例如:Thetrainisaspecialforthefootballgame.Themenuchangesregularlyandtherearedailyspecialstochoosefrom.(2)special还可以做形容词,意为“特殊的,特别的,特色的”。Hisaccentisquitespecial.五、知识点order(1)order作名词,意为“点菜”,是可数名词;词组takeone’sorder意为“点菜”。例如:MayItakeyourorder?拓展:order作名词时,还可以表示“顺序、次序”。例如:Thenamesareinalphabeticalorder.Mymotherlikesorderinourhome.(2)order作动词,意为“命令、要求、订购货物”等。例如:Thepoliceorderedthemtowaitrightthere.ShallIorderataxiforyou?六、知识点wouldlike+sth./todosth./sb.todosth想/想要/愿意…=wanttodosth.---Whatwouldyouliketodrink?---I’dlikeacupoftea.Shewouldn’tliketodothat.I’dlikeyoutogotherewithme.七、知识点blowblow不及物动词,意为“吹”;词组blowout意为“吹灭”。后接名词时,名词可以放在词组的中间也可以放在out的后面;后接代词时,代词必须放在词组的中间。例如:Thewindblewoutthecandle.风吹灭了蜡烛。Thewindblewthematchout.风把火柴吹灭了。Thewindblewitout.风把它吹灭了。八、知识点makesb./sth.dosth.意为“使某人做某事”。makesth/sb+adj意为“使/让某人(某物)怎么样”。例如:Thebossmakesusworkelevenhoursaday.Sheoftenmakeshimhappy.九、知识点anumberof表示“许多……”+名词复数+谓语动词复数Anumberofstudentsofourschoolhavereadthatmagazine.Anumberofwildanimalshavebeenfoundintheforest.thenumberof表示“……的数量”+名词复数+谓语动词单数。Thenumberofstudentsinourschoolis1,500.十、知识点whatsize询问尺寸、大小,“多大尺寸,什么号码的”。size是名词,可以表示物品的大小、尺寸、号码。1)---你要多大号码的鞋?---我要38码的。---Whatsizeshoeswouldyoulike?---I’dlikeSize38.2)这件T恤有点小,你能给我一件大号的吗?ThisT-shirtisalittlesmallforme.Wouldyouliketoshowmealargersize?十一、知识点语法:名词复数的变化规律一、名词复数的构成方法及读音规则1.一般情况加–s:例如:map—maps;drink—drinks;roof—roofs;park—parks;例如:boy—boys;show—shows;zoo—zoos;panda—pandas;car—cars;singer—singers;例如:girl—girls;pen—pens;friend—friends;bag—bags;lab—labs;room—rooms;2.以s,sh,ch,x等结尾加–es,如:bus—buseswatch—watchesbox—boxesbrush—brushesmatch—matchesfish—fishes3.以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es。例如:baby—babies;strawberry—strawberriescountry—countries;story—storiesfamily—families;city—cities但以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数。twoMarystheHenrysboy—boys;monkey—monkeys;play—plays;holiday—holidays4.以o结尾的名词,变复数时:1)无生命的加s,如:photo---photos,zoo---zoospiano---pianos,radio---radios;2)有生命的加es,如:potato---potatoes,tomato---tomatoes,hero---heroes(英雄),5.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时:1)加s,如:belief---beliefs(信仰,信任)roof---roofs(房顶)scarf---scarfs/scarves(围巾)2)去f,fe加ves,如:half---halves(半)knife---knivesleaf---leaveswolf---wolveswife---wiveslife---lives(生命)thief---thievesshelf---shelves(架子)self---selves(自己)二、名词复数的不规则变化1.child---children,foot---feet,tooth---teeth,goose---geese(鹅),mouse---mice(小老鼠),man---men,woman---women,注意:由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women。anEnglishman--twoEnglishmen。但German不是合成词,所以复数形式为Germans.2.单复同形。如:deer鹿,sheep绵羊Chinese---Chinese;Japanese---Japanese3.集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。peoplepolicecattle等本身就是复数,不能说apeople(一个人),apolice,acattle;(但是可以有:apeople:一个民族)但在表达“一个…”时,可以说aperson,apoliceman,aheadofcattle.4.以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:1)maths(英:数学),politics(政治),physics(物理)等学科名词,虽然后有-s,但是为单数形式。2)news为不可数名词。3)theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations视为单数。4)以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数。例5.表示由两部分构成的东西,只有复数形式。glasses;trousers;pants;shorts;shoes;compasses(圆规)scissors(剪刀)等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双);suit(套)。apairofglasses“一副眼镜”;twopairsoftrousers“两条裤子”等。6.另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思。如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼。三、表示“某国人”的单复数变化:1.加-s的词:German---Germans(德国人)Russian---Russians(俄罗斯人)Roman---Romans(罗马人)American---AmericansArab---Arabs(阿拉伯人)2.有变化的词有:Frenchman---Frenchmen;Englishman-Englishmen四、合成名词变为复数时:1.第一个或最后一个词变成复数。girlfriend---girlfriends(女朋友)boystudent---boystudents(男学生)grown-up---grown-ups(成年人)passer-by---passers-by(过路人)son-in-law---sons-in-law(女婿)2.构成合成名词的两个词都要变为复数。manservant---menservants(男仆人)womanteacher---womenteachersmandoctor---mendoctors可数名词和不可数名词①本单元的可数名词:eggs,apples,strawberries,oranges,onions,dumplings,drinks,carrots,②本单元的不可数名词:rice,porridge,beef,mutton,broccoli,juice③本单元的既是可数又是不可数的名词;chicken,salad,icecream,cabbage,soup,dessert,fish一、用所给词的适当形式填空1.Manychildrenliketoeat__candies______(candy).2.Heisso__lucky______(luck)thistime.Hegetstheticket.3.Thewindis__blowing______(blow)heavily.It'sgoingtorain.4.I'dliketwo__cups______(cup)ofgreentea.5.There__is______(be)somebeefandtomatoesinthenoodles,doyoulikethenoodleswithbeefand__tomatoes______(tomato)?6.Theywouldlike__tosee____