七夕节、元宵节和情人节

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77七夕佳节Origin“七夕”最早来源于人们对自然的崇拜。东晋葛洪的《西京杂记》最早的关于乞巧的记载“七夕”也来源古代人们对时间的崇拜。七”与“期”同音,月和日均是“七”,给人以时间感。“七夕”又是一种数字崇拜现象,古代民间把正月正、三月三、五月五、七月七、九月九再加上预示成双的二月二和三的倍数六月六这“七重”均列为吉庆日。Introduction☻“七夕”节又叫乞巧节,最早起源于汉代。是指我国农历七月初七这一天,也称“双七节”。节俗是晒经书及衣裳,向双星乞愿和穿针乞巧。如果真要将七夕节赋予一种通俗的叫法儿,应该是“中国女儿节”。之所以当今社会将七夕节视为“情人节”,可能是源于牛郎织女的浪漫凄美的爱情故事。与七夕有关诗句:死生契阔,与子成说。执子之手,与子偕老。两情若是久长时,又岂在朝朝暮暮。在天愿作比翼鸟,在地愿为连理枝。天阶夜色凉如水,坐看牵牛织女星。迢迢牵牛星,皎皎河汉女。铜壶漏报天将晓,惆怅佳期又一年。草际鸣蛩,惊落梧桐,正人间、天上愁浓。云阶月地,关锁千重。纵浮槎来,浮槎去,不相逢。星桥鹊驾,经年才见,想离情、别恨难穷。牵牛织女,莫是离中。甚霎儿晴,醍儿雨,醍儿风。Origin——起源►TheannuallunarlunarJanuaryfifteen,justaftertheSpringFestival,oneintheHanChinesetraditionalfestivaltheLanternFestival,thefirstmonthisalunarJanuary,ancientTheLanternFestivalLanternAtlas(19)thatnightasnight,sothatthelunarJanuaryfifteenforlanternfestival.LunarJanuaryfifteenistheyearthefirstfullmoonnight,alsoasthenewyearbegins,springreturnstotheearthatnight,peoplehavetocelebrate,butalsotocelebratethenewyearcontinuation.TheLanternFestivalisalsocalledthespringfestival.每年农历的正月十五日,春节刚过,迎来的就是中国汉族的传统节日之一的元宵节,正月是农历的元月,古人称夜为“宵”,所以称正月十五为元宵节。正月十五日是一年中第一个月圆之夜,也是一元复始,大地回春的夜晚,人们对此加以庆祝,也是庆贺新春的延续。元宵节又被称为“上元节”。►Eatingyuanxiao(sweetdumplingsmadewithglutinousriceflour)isoneofthespecialtraditionsofLanternFestival.LanternFestivalisalsocalledYuanxiaoFestival.Anothernameforyuanxiaoistangyuan,whichliterallymeansboiledspheres.吃元宵(有糯米粉制成的甜馅儿食物)是元宵节一个特别传统,而元宵节也因这种食物得名。元宵的另一种叫法是汤圆,字面意思就是“煮熟的圆球状食品”。Legend——传说TherearemanylegendsconcerningtheoriginsofLanternFestival。关于元宵节的来历有很多传说。►Accordingtoonelegend,onceinancienttimes,acelestialswancameintothemortalworldwhereitwasshotdownbyahunter.TheJadeEmperor,thehighestgodinHeaven,vowedtoavengetheswan.HestartedmakingplanstosendatroopofcelestialsoldiersandgeneralstoEarthonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth,withorderstoincinerateallhumansandanimals.Buttheothercelestialbeingsdisagreedwiththiscourseofaction,andriskedtheirlivestowarnthepeopleofEarth.Asaresult,beforeandafterthefifteenthdayofthefirstmonth,everyfamilyhungredlanternsoutsidetheirdoorsandsetofffirecrackersandfireworks,givingtheimpressionthattheirhomeswerealreadyburning.BysuccessfullytrickingtheJadeEmperorinthisway,humanitywassavedfromextermination。有一个传说是这样的,在古代,有一位神界天鹅闯入人间被猎手误杀。天界最高的神玉皇大帝因此发誓为这只天鹅报仇。他开始制定计划,派出一支天兵天将于农历正月十五来到人间,命令他们火烧所有的人和动物。但是其他神仙并不赞同这一计划,他们冒着生命危险提醒人间的人们。结果,在正月十五这一天前后,每一个家庭在门外挂起灯笼,并燃放烟花爆竹,给天兵天将造成各家各户起火的假象。通过这种方式,人们成功骗过了玉皇大帝,人类也因此逃过灭绝的危险。►Accordingtoanotherlegend,duringthetimeofEmperorHanWudioftheHanDynasty,apalacewomannamedYuanxiaowaspreventedfromcarryingoutherfilialdutyofvisitingherparentsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Distraught,shesaidshewouldkillherselfbyjumpingintoawell.InordertohelpYuanxiaofulfillherdutyasafilialdaughter,thescholarDongfangShuocameupwithascheme.HetoldEmperorHanWudithattheJadeEmperor,thehighestgodinHeaven,hadorderedtheFireGodtoburndownthecapitalcityofChang'anonthesixteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Anxioustofindawaytosavehiscity,theemperoraskedDongfangShuowhatheshoulddo.DongfangShuorepliedthattheFireGodlovedredlanternsmorethananything.Headvisedthatthestreetsbehungwithredlanterns,andtheemperor,empress,concubines,andcourtofficialscomeoutofthepalacetoseethem.Inthisway,theFireGodwouldbedistractedanddisasteraverted.TheemperorfollowedDongfangShuo'sadvice,andwhileeveryonewasoutviewingthelanterns,Yuanxiaowasabletosneakoutofthepalaceandbereunitedwithherparents。另外一个传说发生在汉武帝时期。一位名叫元宵的宫女因身处深宫,没法在正月十五与父母团聚尽孝。为此,她欲跳井自尽。为了帮助元宵姑娘为父母尽孝,智者东方朔想出了一个计划。他告诉汉武帝,天界最高的神——玉皇大帝下令在正月十六火烧长安都。为了拯救长安城,汉武帝问东方朔该怎么办。东方朔回答说火神最爱大红灯笼。他建议在街道上悬挂大红灯笼,皇帝、皇后、六宫嫔妃和朝廷大臣都要外出观赏灯笼。这样,火神的注意力就会被分散,灾难也就可以避免了。皇帝采纳了东方朔的建议,当所有人都外出赏灯时,元宵得以有机会溜出皇宫,和家人团圆。conventConvention——习俗guesstheriddle(猜灯谜)liondance舞狮子playthedragonlantern耍龙灯alandboatdance(划旱船)conventionstiltwalk(踩高跷)food元宵节的食品,最早叫“浮元子”LanternFestivalfood,firstcalledfloating后称“元宵”,生意人还美其名曰“元宝”MotokoaftertheLantern,businessmenalsoeuphemisticallycalledingotGuessinglanternriddlesGuessinglanternriddlesisanessentialpartoftheFestival.Lanternownerswriteriddlesonapieceofpaperandpostthemonthelanterns.Ifvisitorshavesolutionstotheriddles,theycanpullthepaperoutandgotothelanternownerstochecktheiranswer.Iftheyareright,theywillgetalittlegift.Theactivityemergedduringpeople'senjoymentoflanternsintheSongDynasty(960-1279).Asriddleguessingisinterestingandfullofwisdom,ithasbecomepopularamongallsocialstrata.元宵佳节有谁知道这是哪首诗么?AtLanternFestival-TuneSongofHawthornbyOuyangXiuIntheLanternFestivalnightoflastyear,Theflowersmarketwasbrightasdaylight.Whenthemoonhungbehindthewillows,Youngpeoplewentoutondatesunderthem.IntheLanternFestivalnightofthisyear's,Themoonandthelanternswerethesame.ButIcouldnotfindlastyear'sdateofmine,Mysleevesoffestivaldressarewetwithtears.答案就是生查子·元夕欧阳修去年元夜时,花市灯如昼。月到柳梢头,人约黄昏后。今年元夜时,月与灯依旧。不见去年人,泪湿春衫袖。你们猜到了吗?好吧,其实我也没猜到你所不不知道的元宵节按照中国传统民俗,古代的妇女都是三步不出闺门,只有在元宵节这天才能出门赏灯观看舞龙舞狮,有才华的人也猜猜灯谜,写写对联。未婚的少女少男都是在此日寻找如意的伴侣,这是有很多古诗词能够证明的。这天也是有过约定的情侣约会的日子。所以元宵节才是中国真正的情人节。欧阳修云:“去年元夜时,花市灯如书,月上柳梢头,人约黄昏后。”辛弃疾写道:“众里寻它千百度,蓦然回首,那人却在灯火阑珊处。”就是描述元宵节情人相会的情境。既然看完了中国“情人节”——元宵节,接下来就该聊聊外国情人节了。众所周知,外国人比较浪漫,那我们就一起走进“情人节”的世界吧情人节,又名圣华伦泰节,在每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