《圣诞颂歌》解读

AChristmasCarolby:林夏欣contentBackgroundSummaryofthenovellaEbenezerScroogeusedtobethechangingofScrooge'sattitudetowardsthingsConclusionBackground无心插柳写的《圣诞颂歌》获得了空前的胜利。当时是1843年，狄更斯正处于创作的承接阶段，5年前，他完成了自己的代表作《雾都孤儿》，获得了空前的成功。对底层贫民、儿童的关怀和世间黑暗的控诉让英国人对狄更斯肃然起敬。也可以说，篇幅较短的《圣诞颂歌》，是狄更斯从着眼于苦难人群的中期，向更广阔、更深入揭露资本主义全貌的晚期过度的作品。在之后的创作高峰里，他写下了传世之作《双城记》《远大前程》以及半自传体的代表作《大卫•科波菲尔》。SummaryofthenovellaAChristmasCarolisanovellabyCharlesDickens,firstpublishedon19December1843.AChristmasCaroltellsastory:Scrooge,aman,richbutselfishandindifferent,evenbeggarsdonotwanttobegforhim,isvisitedonChristmasEvebythreeChristmasElf:theGhostofChristmasPast,theGhostofChristmasPresent,theGhostofYettoCome.SummarytheGhostofChristmasPastleadshimtoseethelonelychildhood,thescenehespentwithhissister,andthehappytimehespentwithhisfellowsandthekindbossFezziwigonChristmasEve,everyonehappilydancingtogether.Andthatremindshimofsomebadtreatmentshedidtohisemployees,butalsoregretshimselfbecameintorichmanwithoutfamily.theGhostofChristmasPresenttakeshimtooneofhisemployee'shome,Bob,whoearnsapitifulsalarybuthasahappyChristmasEve.EventhoughthereisnoChristmaspresents,noturkey,everyfacefilledwithahappysmile.theGhostofYettoComeletshimseethesceneafterhediedwhichterrifiedhimmost.Allthesegraduallyawakenhimontheothersideofhumannature-compassion,kindness,loveandjoy.Attheendofthestory,Scroogepromisestheghostthathewouldchange.Andactually,hehaddonebetterthanhiswords.EbenezerScroogeusedtobe1.whatkindofpersonheis?Asitwritteninthebook:Scrooge!asqueezing,wrenching,grasping,scrapingclutching,covetous,oldsinner!Nowarmthcouldwarm,nowintryweatherchillhim.Eventheblindmen'dogsappearedtoknowhim;andwhentheysawhimcomingon,wouldtugtheirownersintodoorwaysandupcourts1.whatkindofpersonheis?Heearnsalotofmoneybutneverdothecharity.Hemeanstoothers,eventohimself.OntheChristmasEve,itiscoldoutside,hehadaverysmallfire,buttheclerk'sfirewassomuchsmallerthatitlookedlikeonecoal.Hislivingroomisbothalivingroomandthebedroom,butalsoaroomputtingsomematerials.EvenonChristmasEve,hejustatesomethingintheusualshabbylittlerestaurant.whenthetwogentlemenaskhimtodosomecharity,hesaid:Aretherenoprisons?Iftheywoulddie,theyhadbetterdoit,anddecreasethesurpluspopulation.Besidesexcuseme-Idon'tknowthat.2.whatdoeshethinkofhappiness?Hestronglyinsiststhatowningmoneyisequaltoowninghappiness.Heneverhappy.Hismeanandselfishbroughthimtoaplacethatnofriendship,nolove,nohappiness,butonlymoney.OnChristmasEvewhenhisnephewFredgreethim,AmerryChristmas,uncle!Godsaveyou!,Hisanswered,humbug......MerryChristmas?Whatrighthaveyoutobehappy?Whatreasonhaveyoutobemerry?youarepoorenough!Naturally,Scroogealsocan'tunderstand,evenscornedhisemployeeBob,with15shillingsaweek,talkingaboutamerryChristmas.thechangingofScrooge'sattitudetowardsthingsWhentheGhostofChristmasPastcametheGhostofChristmasPastleadhimtoseethelonelychildhoodheremindofaboysingingaChristmasCarolathisdoorlastnight,andhewishhehadgivensomethingtohim.toseeoneChristmasEvewhichhespentahappytimewithhisfellowsandthekindbossFezziwig,everyonehappilydancingtogether.makehimreflecthisbehaviortowardshisemployees.Fromallthese,it'snotdifficultforustofindthatScroogeisnomoresoheartless.Asitwritteninthebook:notalatentechointhehouse,notasqueakandscufflefromthemicebehindthepanelling,notadripfromthehalf-thawedwater-spoutinthedullyardbehind,notasighamongtheleaflessboughsofonedespondentpoplar,nottheidleswingingofanemptystore-housedoor,notaclickinginthefire,butfellupontheheartofScroogewithasofteninginfluence,andgaveafreerpassagetohistears.whenthetheGhostofChristmasPresentcametheGhostofChristmasPresenttookhimtoseethehappyChristmasEvepartyofBob'sfamilyHehopedTinyTimwilllive,withadesirethatheneverhadbefore.Andhewasovercomewithpenitenceandgrieftosaythatsomepeoplediewoulddecreasethesurpluspopulationbefore.toseethehappyChristmasEvepartyofhisnephewHehadimperceptiblybecomesogayandlightofheartAllthis,wecanseethatScroogeregainhappiness,andbecomesympatheticwhenthetheGhostofYetToComecametheGhostofYettoCometolethimseesceneafterhediedwhichterrifiedhimmost.Hecried:Spirit!Hearme!Iamnotthemanwas.IwillnotbethemanImusthaveseenbutforthisintercourse.Goodspirit,hepursued,AssuremethatIyetmaychangetheseshadowsyouhaveshownme,byanalteredlife!Fromallthesebeg,itseemsthathetotallyunderstandthepurposethatthethreespiritcame,andrealizedhiswrongnessandfoolish,alsowasdeterminedtochangehimself.theend未来之灵没做任何回答，他将斯克里奇推向地狱，斯克里奇不断地向地狱坠落……但还好，这一切都像是一个梦，斯克里奇醒来后发现，他的确是坠落，不过是从床上坠落到地上。这时，恰恰是圣诞节的清晨。这一刻，他无比喜悦，他身轻如燕，他欢欣跳跃，虽然四个异灵都没教导他该怎么做，但他完全明白。他先给克莱奇特一家送去了一份礼物——有两个小蒂米大的火鸡。心打开后，他像“不良少年”那样玩耍，他的气场也打开了，他能注意到所有人的存在，带着欢乐和他们打招呼。遇见募捐者时，他向他承诺捐很多钱，并由衷地谢谢他，因为他知道，看起来他是在帮助别人，实际上是在帮助自己，他为能有这样的机会有充满感激。他和路人一起唱圣诞颂歌，他还参加了弗雷德的晚宴。他倒没有食言，他的确是在自己死过后才做到了这一点。第二天，他给迟到的Bob加薪，还改变了工作方式，要和克莱奇特一边喝酒一边守着暖炉工作。他身上的杀气消散了，他的心从如铁坚冰变成了热情的火焰，最终这团火温暖了整个城市，他成为这个城市最会过圣诞节的人。最会过圣诞节的人正是狄更斯本人，他的这部作品教会了英国人乃至全世界怎么过圣诞节，以至于他被称为“发明圣诞节的人”，当他去世时，还多孩子问自己的父母，圣诞老人怎么会死呢？Conclusion许多哲学家也说，死亡是最严肃的哲学问题。这也是同一个意思，你死去的时候你的心会突然拥有一种能力，可以清晰地看到自己的一生。但那时，你已经没有了改变的可能，如果是严重的懊悔，那该是什么样的折磨？如果这就是生命，那好，请再来一次。