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民工潮•1)新年春节刚过，农村的破旧小车站就挤满了成千上万的农民。2)他们只有一个目的，到城市去。3)八十年代初，农村的改革，使得千千万万的农民从土地上解放了出来，纷纷跑到城市找工作。4)自那以后，这种大规模的民工潮一直使城市感到头痛。5)这不仅是因为对城市设施造成了极大的压力，而且他们担心会引发许多社会矛盾。6)所以外来民工往往被看成二等公民，不能成为城市居民，孩子不能在城市读书。7)但是另一方面，城市和经济开发区的发展急切需要大批劳力到工厂和建设工地。8)而且政府也感到如果不让农民出来，让他们也富起来，城乡的穷富差别将进一步拉大。9)而农民的不满加剧，会导致社会动乱。参考译文•1,2)OnlyafewdaysaftertheLunarNewYear,indilapidatedlittlerailwaystationsthroughoutthecountryside,millionsofpeasantsaregatheringwithasinglepurposetogettothecities.•3,4)Evensincetheearly1980s,whentheagriculturalreformfreedmillionsoffarmerstoseekcityjobs,themassmovementofmigrantworkershasgreatlytroubledcities—andnotjustbecauseofthepressureitputsoninfrastructure.•5)Manyfearthatmigrationonsuchagiantscalewillleadtosocialstrain.•6)Asaresult,theyhavetreatedthemigrantsassecond-classcitizens.Forinstance,workersfromtheruralheartlandaredeniedtherighttosettledownaspermanentresidentsandtosendtheirchildrentocityschools.•7)Butontheotherhand,inboomingcitiesandspecialeconomiczones,factoriesandconstructionsitesneedallthelabortheycanget.•8,9)Andthegovernmentbelievethatiftheruralmassesdidnotgetashareofthecountry'sgrowingprosperity,thegapbetweentherichcitiesandpoorcountrysidewouldfurtherwiden,leadingtoabuilding-upresentmentthatmightfuelsocialunrest.汉语连谓句的英译处理•类型一：“李强进城办点事情。•这类型的基本特点是，前后谓语分别表示先后发生的动作。对于这种类型，主要译法有：•采用“and”连接的并列谓语形式译出。•偶尔也可以将前一个谓语动词用分词短语译出，在句中作状语，后一个动词译成句子谓语。•LaoZhaotookthebookandlaiditonhislap.•Hergrannyputdownthemagazineandstoodup.•Shetookanovercoatandwenttoschool.•ArrivingatStation,hefoundthatthetrainhadleft.•Sittingatthetable,hereldersisterbegantowritealetter.•Havingpreparedthetext,shebegantowritethecomposition.类型二：我去打点酱油来。•将前一个动词译为谓语，而将后一个动词译成不定式短语在句中做目的状语；•将前后两个动词并列谓语形式译出；•趋向动词“去“后所连接的某些动词，可以用“togodoing”的结构译出。•Hewenttothemonitortoaskforleave.•Letmysongotofetchsomehotwater.•ThedelegationofinvitinginvestmenthasattractedmanybusinessmenfromSoutheastAsiatoSingaporetoholdtalksondifferentprojects.•Thecitygovernmenttakesmanymeasurestoinviteinvestment.•HehasgonetoShanghaitopurchasesomerawmaterials.•WangHuaturnedontheradiotolistentotheJoyFM.•Aftersupper,theyoftengooutandhaveawalk.•Comeoverandhaveatry!•WeoftengoswimmingonSundaysduringsummervacations.•Whenyoung,heusedtogofishingwithhisfather.类型三：她眯着眼睛想心事。•后一个动作译成谓语，将前一个动词用介词短语译出；•将前一个动词用分词短语译出。•Thebabyfellasleepwithasmileonherface.•Mostteachersoftengotoworkbybike.•Thenextmorning,shecamebackhomewithsomebooksunderherarm.•Hestoodleaningagainstatree.•Talkingandlaughing,thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom.•Verysoonhecameback,holdingthatbookinhishand.类型四：不是所有人都有条件做这项工作•译成动词不定式在句中做定语；•译成介词短语。•Anyway,it’snotmyfault.Shehasnoreasontotreatmelikethat.•Weallhavetheresponsibilitytosafeguardthelegalrightsandinterestsofwomenandchildren.•Withfulldetermination,wearecapableoffindingafinalsolutiontotheTaiwanissue.•Heisnotcapableofsolvingsuchaproblem.类型五：他老婆总是得理不饶人。•从正面强调主语发出的动作，采用“keepdoing”翻译；•将后一个动作译成介词短语；•用并列谓语的形式译出。•Inspiteofallkindsoftorture,SisterJianggrittedherteethwithoutsayingaword.•Shekeptnaggingmeaboutthatremarksofmine.•Thatfellowhungonmyroomandrefusedtoclearout.类型六：那小姑娘看到这种场面很害怕。•译为不定式短语，在句中做原因状语；•译为介词短语；•译为状语从句。•WeareheartenedtohearthereportsofOlympicsmedallists.•Mymotherwasratherdisappointedtohearthatyouwerenotcoming.•IhavegainedagooddealofenlightenmentfromTheMakingofaHero.•Hermotherfeltterriblyworriedwhensheknewthetruth.•Whentheysawthis,theybegantodance.类型七：她这辈子受苦受够了。•将后面一个动词译成副词；•将前面，一个动词用动词不定式译出；•将前面一个动词转译为介词短语。•Hereadscarefully.•Shedreadstofooledagain.•Heislikelytolosehistemperwhenheisdefeatedinaballgame.汉语兼语句的英译处理•将主谓结构用非谓语动词译出•Themarchofeventscompelledhimtoreconsiderhisdecision.•Wewantedmoneybadlytobuythemachinesweneeded.•Modestyhelpsonetogoforward,whereasconceitmakesonelagbehind.•Wesawhimgotothedoorandpauseforamomentinthedoorway.•Allthefamilymembersadvisehimtogiveupsmokingassoonaspossible.•Whoinstigatedyoutodosuchevilthings?•Wecannotcompelpeopletoacceptoneparticularschoolofthought.•Youmustkeeptheliquidironheatedforanotherhalfhour.•Theyaredeterminedtomaketheirvoiceheard.•Isawayoungmanrunningtowardtheclinic.2、将主谓结构用名词译出•Theoldsocietylefthernowayout.•Wecordiallywishyousuccess.•Weelectedhimourmonitor.3、将主谓结构用形容词或副词译出•Whatmadeyousoupset?•Thenewsmadehimverysad.•Wemustkeepourdormitorycleanandtidy.•Almosteverybodywishedhimill.•Theteacheraskedhisstudentsin.4、将主谓结构用介词短语译出•Theycondemnedhispeaceeffortsasbetrayal.•Thispropertywhichwaterpossessesmakesitofgreatuse.•She’salwayscriticizingherhusbandforbeingsloppy.•Theushertookhimtohisseat.5、将主谓结构用宾语从句译出•Theheadofourcollegeurgedthatthelibrarybeopenduringthevacation.•Thecaptaingavetheorderthattheprisonerbelefttherealone.6、将主谓结构用定语或定语从句译出•Theheadofourschoolhasgotsomethingveryimportanttotellus.•InthevillagethereisagirlcalledXiaoFang.•Hehasasisterwhoisateacher.7、将主谓结构用状语从句译出•Theteacherpraisesherbecauseheisalwaysreadytohelp.•Newspaperscriticizedtheauthorbecausehefailedtopresentatruepictureoflifeinhisworks.•Hereproachedhissonforstayingoutlate.谓结构按照英语习惯用法译出•Itsurprisedme!•Thosetoysoldierswillpleasethechildren.•Clinton’swordsastonishedthosehighofficialspresent.