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外研版高一年级(必修1)Module3GrammarThe-edformusedasattributives-ed分词既可以作前置定语,也可以作后置定语。1.单个的过去分词作定语1)作前置定语:这时过去分词的形容词意义强于动词意义。GrammarIa.及物动词的过去分词具有被动和完成意义。如:abrokencup一个破杯子awoundedsoldier一名伤员b.不及物动词的具有主动和完成意义。agrownwoman一位成年妇女anescapedprisoner一名逃犯2).作后置定语，通常是及物动词的过去分词，这时过去分词意义强于形容词意义。个别单个的过去分词作前置定语或后置定语时,表达的含义不同。如：前置定语后置定语aconcernedlook关切的神色theauthoritiesconcerned有关当局awantedperson被通缉的人jobswanted需要的工作inagivencondition在一定条件下apresentgivenbythestudent学生送的礼物ausedcar一辆旧车acarused一辆用过的车2.过去分词短语作定语通常后置，其作用相当于定语从句。如:thecolorTVsetproducedlastyear=thecolorTVsetthatwereproducedlastyear去年生产的彩色电视机aletterwrittentomebymydaughter=aletterthatwaswrittentomebymydaughter一封我女儿写给我的信3.要注意过去分词做定语时动作发生的时间:1)发生在谓语动词的动作之前。如:Isthisthebookwritten(thatwaswritten)byHenryJames?这是亨利·詹姆斯写的书吗?2)表示与句中谓语动词相应的经常性的动作。如：Hewasthenaprofessorrespected(thatwasrespected)byalltheteachersandstudentsofthecollege.当时他是一个受这所大学里全体师生尊敬的教授。1.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known语法练习(一)2.ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures____inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.A.toformB.formC.formedD.havingformed3.therewasan____lookonhisfacewhentheactressappeared.A.excitedB.excitementC.excitingD.excitedly4.It’swrongforthe___countriestocontroltheworld.A.developmentB.developingC.developedD.develop5.Ihavecollectedthemoney____.A.needingB.needC.toneedD.needed6.Thebridge___nextyearwillbeverylong.A.beingbuiltB.tobebuiltC.builtD.building7.Thebookcanbeusedin___countries.A.English-speakingB.English-spokenC.speaking-EnglishD.spoken-English8.Fromhis____voice,Ihavetosaythatyouarereally_____.A.disappointed;disappointedB.disappointing;disappointingC.disappointed;disappointingD.disappointing;disappointed9.Thisistheproblem___atthemeetingyesterday.A.beingdiscussed;B.havingdiscussedC.tobediscussedD.discussed10.The___lookonhisfacesuggestedthathehadnotexpectedso.A.surprisedB.surprisingC.excitedD.excitingPastTenseTimeExpressions1.常用的表示过去的时间状语有:recently,duringtheday,onenight,alongtimeago,untilthe1920s,in1925,formanyyears,justnow,atthattime,duringhismiddleschoolyears,then,lastnight/year/week/month,aweek/month/yearago,intheolddays…GrammarII2.表示过去的习惯性、重复性的动作,常用一定的时间状语或频度状语,如：IplayedfootballeveryweekwhenIwasyoung.Iusedtogoshoppingduringweekdays.语法练习(二)将下列句子译成英语:1.上周末,简吃了一顿由外婆做的好饭。Lastweekend,Janeateanicemeal(whichwas)cookedbyhergrandmother.2.昨天晚上,她完成作业后就上床睡觉了。Shewenttobedaftershefinishedherhomeworklastnight.4.玛丽过去一周来拜访我一次。3.前几天,罗伯特去北京出差了。RobertwenttoBeijingonbusinesstheotherday.Maryusedtopayavisitto/visitmeonceaweek.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Pricesofdailygoods______(buy)bycomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.2.Haveyoureadthenovel______(write)byDickens?3.Thegirlletouta___________________(frighten)cryatthesightofthesnake.boughtwrittenfrightened/frightening4.The___(lose)boywaslastseenplayingneartheEastLake.5.Alittlechild_______(learn)towalkoftenfalls.6.Thesong,________(record)inthestudio,soundedwonderful.7.Theconcert_____(give)bythetwinswasagreatsuccess.lostlearningrecordedgiven8.Thegovernmentdecidedtorebuildthe________(damage)bridge.9.What’sthelanguage______(speak)inGermany?10.Thecomputercenter______(open)lastyearisverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool.openeddamagedspokenHomeworkWriteadescriptionofthetripyouhavemadetoatouristspot,usingthenotesyouhavemadeintheclass.