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SectionThreeTheCivilWarⅠ.TheBeginningofSlaveryinAmericaⅡ.ConflictsArisingfromSlaveryⅢ.AbrahamLincolnⅠ.TheBeginningofSlaveryinAmericaQ:Whenyouhearthisword:slavery,whatwoulditremindyouof?Andwhatdoyouthinkaboutthiseventinhumanbeing’shistory?ThephasesofslaveryinAmericaⅰ.1619——1783:beforetheindependencewarReason:theneedofcheaplaborProcess:1619,thefirstblacksFewdecadeslater,thenumberbecamelargerAftertobaccosuccessfullyplanting,thedemandbecameacuteWay:triangulartradeTriangulartradeParticipants:Europe,AfricaandAmericaMainsystem:thetransatlanticslavetradeThelegsofthetriangle:fromaEuropeanporttoAfrica↓fromAfricatotheNewWorld↓returnedtoEuropeTheEffectoftheTriangularTrade•1.Africa:DepopulationViolenceEconomicproblemsRacism•2.Europe:EconomyWorldpowerCulturePolity•3.AmericaCultureEconomyPolityⅱ.1783——1793:aftertheindependencewarappearance:decline.reasons:⑴Britainshifteditstradetoothercolonies.⑵Thepriceoftobaccofellsharply.ⅲ.1793——1861:aftertheindustrialresolutionappearance:thenumberofNegroslavesstoppedfallingandblackslaveryrevived.reason:theincreasingofthedemandofthecheaplabor.Cold-bloodNorightSlavecaptureThelawThenumber:anaverageSouthernplantationwasabout1,000acreswith100slaves.Theliving:horriblefood,toilalldaylong,nobreakThesupervision:TheconditionoftheNegroslavesⅡ.ConflictsArisingfromSlaveryⅰ.Cases:①America’sindustrialresolution②westwardexpansionⅱ.Twogroups:TheSouthernpartagainsttheprotectivetariffTheNorthernpartSupporttheprotectivetariffTwosection:NinefreestatesNineslaveholdingstatesThemainproblem:HowtoorganizethenewterritorytothestatesThedevelopoftheconflictsThemainparts:ThehonestAmericansthefirmestandmostactiveelementsinthestruggle,whoopposedslaveryfromthepointofmoralityandconscience.TheSouth1.demandedimmediateabolitionofslavery.Theywerefamousasabolitionist.2.theUndergroundRailroad.TheUncleTom’sCabinAboutTheAuthorHarrietBeecherStowe(1811-1896)wasateacherofHartfordFemaleAcademyandapositiveabolitionist.1850,sheandherhusbandmovedtoMaine,whereaboutanti-slaverydiscussionmadeherexcited,sosheusedfreetimetowritetheUncleTom'sCabin.Thisnovelmadeherfame.TheimpactwassummedupinacommonlyquotedstatementapocryphallyattributedtoAbrahamLincoln.WhenhemetStowe,itisclaimedthathesaid,Soyou'rethelittlewomanwhowrotethebookthatmadethisGreatWar!TheBackgroundUncleTom'sCabinwaspublishedin1852,ananti-slaverynovel.AfricanAmericansinthisnovelaboutslaveryandtheviewsoftheUnitedStateshaveproducedfar-reachingimplications,andtosomeextentledtotheAmericanCivilWarexacerbatedbyregionalorlocalconflicts.Thebookrevolvesaroundawell-sufferingslaveUncleTom'sstoryunfolds,anddescribedhimwithhisside,bothslavesandslaveowners,theexperience.Thisdeeplysentimentalnoveldepictsthecruelnatureofslavery;andthatChristianlovecanbeovercomebytheenslavementoffellowhumanbeingscausedbyvariousinjuries.BriefIntroductionThisbookisabouttheearlynineteenthcentury,Kentucky'sfarmerShelby’sfailedbusiness,wasforcedtosellslavestorepaydebtswithTomandlittleHarry.GeorgeHarris,hiswifeElizaandhissonHarrywerefleeingtoNorthernCanada,twistsandturns,andfinallysafelymeteachotherandlivedatrulyfreepeople’slives.Honest,sincereUncleTomgotanewownerSt·ClareandhisdaughterEva’slove,butunfortunatelyEvawasillanddied,andMr.ClarewaskilledwhenhewasgoingtogivefreetoUncleTom.UncleTomdiedfromabusingandbeatingbythedevilincarnateofthefarmerSimon·Legree.Theresultofthisnovel1.JohnBrown2.MoreretaliationsJohnBrownJohnBrown(May9,1800–December2,1859)wasanAmericanrevolutionaryabolitionist,whointhe1850sadvocatedandpracticedarmedinsurrectionasameanstoabolishslaveryintheUnitedStates.HeledthePottawatomieMassacre,duringwhichfivemenwerekilled,in1856inBleedingKansas,andmadehisnameintheunsuccessfulraidatHarpersFerryin1859.Laterthatyearhewasexecutedbuthisspeechesatthetrialcapturednationalattention.Brownhasbeencalledthemostcontroversialofall19th-centuryAmericans“andAmerica'sfirstdomesticterrorist.WhoamI?IwasbornonFeb.12,1809.Myfatherwasafrontiersmanandmymotherdiedinmychildhood.In1816theImovedtoIndiana.Iamthe16thpresidentoftheUnitedStates.IamconsideredbymanyhistorianstohavebeenthegreatestAmericanpresident.IwasconsideredastheleaderoftheCIVILWARMyfamouswordsis”Governmentofthepeople，bythepeople，forthepeople.Youcannotescapetheresponsibilityoftomorrowbyevadingittoday.”Ⅲ.AbrahamLincolnAbrahamLincoln(February12,1809–April15,1865)wasthe16thPresidentoftheUnitedStates,servingfromMarch1861untilhisassassinationinApril1865.Hesuccessfullyledhiscountrythroughagreatconstitutional,militaryandmoralcrisis–theAmericanCivilWar–preservingtheUnion,whileendingslavery,andpromotingeconomicandfinancialmodernization.Rearedinapoorfamilyonthewesternfrontier,Lincolnwasmostlyself-educated.Hebecameacountrylawyer,aWhigParty,Illinoisstatelegislatorinthe1830s,aone-termmemberoftheUnitedStatesHouseofRepresentativesinthe1840s,buthefailedintwoattemptstobeelectedtotheUnitedStatesSenateinthe1850s.AfteropposingtheexpansionofslaveryintheUnitedStatesinhiscampaigndebatesandspeeches,LincolnsecuredtheRepublicanPartynominationandwaselectedpresidentin1860.Hisfamouss