英语专业写作王星主编unit2Descriptive_Essays解析

Unit2DescriptiveEssaysEXPECTEDDUTYREPORTWHO?Warm-up：Questionsandtasks•1.Whatisdescriptivewriting?•2.Whydoweusedescriptivewriting?•3.Howdowewritedescription?•4.Sampleanalysis&study.•Delicious•Tasty•Yummy•Good•Finger-lickinggoodWhatisdescriptivewriting?•Descriptionistopaintinthemindofthereaderanimageoraseriesofimagesbymeansoflanguage.Thepurposesofdescriptivewriting•Thepurposeofapurelydescriptiveessayisto•1.involvethereaderenoughsoheorshecanactuallyvisualizethethingsbeingdescribed.•2.makenarrationorexpositionmorelively,colorfulandexcitingwhencombinedwiththem.Theessentialfeaturesofadescriptiveessay•Usingwordstopaintpicturesandgivingreadersacertainimpressionofaspecificperson,placeorthing;•Providinginformationabout5“w”s;•Displayingawriter’simpressionofaspecificperson,thingorplacethroughthesensesofsight,taste,smell,hearingandtouch;organizingtheinformationlogicallybyusingwords/phrasesofspaceandtimeastransitions.SnapdragonGrommetdressHouseofmatchesSatinbonnetHowtodevelopanessayofdescriptioneffectively?1.Adescriptiveessayisgenerallydevelopedthroughsensorydetails.•Theimpressionsofone'ssenses—sight,hearing,taste,smell,andtouch.Example1:describingaplace•Telling:Theroomwasvacant.•Showing:Thedooropenedwitharesoundingechothatseemedtofillthehouse.Cobwebsonceattachedflowedfreelyintheairastheopendoorbroughtlighttoawellwornfloor.Thelightgavenoticetothepeelingpaintonthewallsandtothesilhouettes（轮廓）oncecoveredbypictures.Thenewairgavelifetoastuffinessthatentrappedtheroom.Fadedandtornwhitesheetscoveredoncenewfurniturenowdrowningindust.•Thedooropenedwitharesoundingechothatseemedtofillthehouse.•Sense—hearing•Cobwebsonceattachedflowedfreelyintheairastheopendoorbroughtlighttoawellwornfloor.•Sense—sight•Thelightgavenoticetothepeelingpaintonthewallsandtothesilhouettes（轮廓）oncecoveredbypictures.•Sense—sight•Thenewairgavelifetoastuffinessthatentrappedtheroom.•Sense—smell•Fadedandtornwhitesheetscoveredoncenewfurniturenowdrowningindust.•Sense—sight•Thedooropenedwitharesoundingechothatseemedtofillthehouse.Cobwebsonceattachedflowedfreelyintheairastheopendoorbroughtlighttoawellwornfloor.Thelightgavenoticetothepeelingpaintonthewallsandtothesilhouettes（轮廓）oncecoveredbypictures.Thenewairgavelifetoastuffinessthatentrappedtheroom.Fadedandtornwhitesheetscoveredoncenewfurniturenowdrowningindust.•Sensesused:•Hearing-sight-smell-sightHowtodevelopanessayofdescriptioneffectively?•2.Adescriptiveessayhasone,cleardominantimpression.•E.g.describingasnowfall--•letyourreaderknowifitis•threateningorlovely,•dangerousorpeaceful;•…Example2•Aboywithragged(tattered,torn)clothesrushedthroughthedesertedstreet,whosefootstepsechoedseveralblocksaway.•Afair-hairedboyrunsthroughthepeacefulmorningstreetgigglingalltheway.(mysterious)(happy)Howtodevelopanessayofdescriptioneffectively?•3.Usedetailsspecificadjectives,adverbs,andvividverbs,consistentwiththedominantimpression.BriefIntroductiontotheNovel•Title:AChristmasCarol•Author:CharlesDickson•Plot:ThestorytellsofEbenezerScrooge’sideological,ethical,andemotionaltransformationafterthesupernaturalvisitsofJacobMarleyandtheGhostsofChristmasPast,Present,andYettoCome.Example3:AdescriptionofMr.ScroogeinAChristmasCarolThecoldwithinhimfrozehisoldfeatures,nippedhispointednose,shriveledhischeek,stiffenedhisgait;madehiseyesred,histhinlipsblue;andspokeoutshrewdlyinhisgratingvoice.Afrostyrimewasonhishead,andonhiseyebrows,andhiswirychin.Hecarriedhisownlowtemperaturealwaysaboutwithhim;heicedhisofficeinthedog-days;anddidn'tthawitonedegreeatChristmas.他内心的冷酷使老朽的躯体蒙上一层寒霜，冻伤了他尖挺的鼻梁，冻皱了他的双颊、冻僵了他步伐，并使他双眼通红、薄唇发紫，连他的沙哑的声音所说出来的话语，也十分冰冷刺骨。他的头顶、眉骨及瘦削的下巴上，都覆盖着白皑皑的寒霜。那股寒意总是与他如影随形，即使是盛夏，他也可以让办公室的气温降至冰点，甚至是圣诞节，情形依旧如此。WordChoiceHelp•P34-35•sightwords•touchwords•hearingwords•smellwords•tastewordsHowtodevelopanessayofdescriptioneffectively?•4.Usefiguresofspeechtomakethedescriptionmorepowerful.•Commonfiguresofspeecharesimile(like/as),metaphorandpersonificationandsoforth(p24).•Example4:AdescriptionofMr.ScroogeinAChristmasCarol•Oh!Buthewasatight-fistedhandatthegrindstone,Scrooge!Asqueezing,wrenching,grasping,scraping,clutching,covetousoldsinner!•Hardandsharpasflint,fromwhichnosteelhadeverstruckoutgenerousfire;secretandself-contained,andsolitaryasanoyster.•噢！但石顾己可是一个要从石头里榨出油来的人哪！石顾己啊！一个又挤、有捞、有刮、又贪、又抠的老奸巨滑！•他犹如有硬又尖的打火石，没有任何钢棒可以打出慷慨的火花；而且，他又宛若牡蛎一般神秘、封闭且孤僻。Howtodevelopanessayofdescriptioneffectively?•5.Useexamples.•Example5:AdescriptionofMr.ScroogeinAChristmasCarol•Nobodyeverstoppedhiminthestreettosay,withgladsomelooks,'MydearScrooge,howareyou?Whenwillyoucometoseeme?'Nobeggarsimploredhimtobestowatrifle,nochildrenaskedhimwhatitwaso'clock,nomanorwomaneveronceinallhislifeinquiredthewaytosuchandsuchaplace,ofScrooge.•人们在大街上碰到石顾己，从不会和颜悦色地向他寒暄：亲爱的石顾己，你好吗？什么时候你要来我家坐坐？没有乞丐会向他乞求微薄的施舍，也没有孩童会询问他时间，更从未有人向他问路。Howtodevelopanessayofdescriptioneffectively?Q:WhatimpressionhaveyouformedonMr.Scrooge?stingy,old,solitary,cold,hard,heartless,uncaring,unkindComment:Ifyouknowtheplotofthenovel,youwillrealizethatDickenshasachievedhisoriginalpurposebyportrayingsuchafigure.Theplotofthenovel•The