第10讲非谓语动词tolistenwatchinggoinghaving一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Ourparentstellus__________(listen)carefullyinclass.2.Iprefer_________(watch)TVathometo________(go)outonsucharainyday.openingnottohang3.Howabout________(have)apartythisweekend?4.Wouldyoumind________(open)thedoorforme?5.Wehavedecided___________(nothang)outafterschool.二、完成句子,每空一词tofinish1.Ittookmetwohours________________(完成)mymathhomeworklastnight.tolearnhowtodrive2.Itisdifficult________________________________________(学习如何开车).indoing3.Theyhavemanydifficulties________________(做)thehardjob.whattodo4.Wedon'tknow________________________(该干什么)next.stoppedcrying5.Thelittleboy____________________(停止哭泣)andlaughedagain.动词不定式在句中的作用1.作宾语(1)常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:want,hope,wish,plan,decide,learn,agree,try等。如:Iwanttoplaybasketballthisweekend.这个周末我想打篮球。Theboydecidedtogetupearlythenextday.男孩决定第二天早点起床。后接不定式作宾语的动词:三个希望两答应(hope,wish,want,agree,promise),一个要求莫拒绝(demand,refuse),设法学会做决定(manage,learn,decide),不要假装在选择(pretend,choose)。(2)在常用句型“find/think+it+adj.+todosth.”中,it作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语,放在宾语补足语(adj.)后面。如:Ifinditgreattowalkalongsuchabeautifulriver.我发现沿着这么漂亮的河边散步真是太棒了。2.作宾语补足语在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:want,wish,tell,ask,teach,encourage,invite,allow,urge等。如:Mymotherwantsmetobeateacher.我妈妈想让我成为一名教师。Sheaskedthestudentstosaysomething.她让学生们说一说。3.作状语Theystaytheretowaitforthelatestnews.他们待在那里等待最新的消息。(作目的状语)Theyaretootiredtowalk.他们太累了以至于走不动了。(作结果状语)4.作表语HerworkistoteachEnglish.她的工作是教英语。5.作定语(不定式必须放在被修饰的名词或代词之后)Theyhavenohousetolivein.他们无房子可住。6.作主语(常用it作形式主语,而往往将动词不定式后置)Ittakesushourstodoourhomeworkeveryday.我们每天要花上数小时做家庭作业。It'snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.学好一门外语不容易。科目一考试学车驾考科目二技巧视频资料Listening动词不定式基本用法:不定式有标记,to与动原连一起;没有人称数变化,动词特点它具备;主宾定补表状语,唯独作谓不可以;Not加上不定式,否定结构要牢记;疑问词与不定式,构成短语有意义;仔细推敲多思考,准确判断有依据。常见的动词不定式的省略形式1.作make(使得)/let(让,允许)/have(请)的宾语补足语的动词不定式常省略to。如:Thefunnychildmadeeveryonelaugh.这个有趣的孩子让每个人都笑了。注意:当变为被动语态时,省略的to要加上。如:Everyonewasmadetolaughbythefunnychild.每个人都被这个有趣的孩子逗笑了。2.感观动词“see/watch/notice/hear+sb.+do”强调动作的过程或经常性。如:Allofusheardhersing.我们全都听到了她唱歌。3.hadbetter(not)dosth.意为“最好(不要)做某事”,是固定搭配。4.Whynotdo...?=Whydon'tyoudo...?意为“为何不做……”,用于提出建议。5.wouldratherdo...thando...意为“宁愿做……而不愿做……”。疑问词+不定式有些动词,如ask,know,learn,decide,tell,show,teach等,后面可接“疑问代词或副词+不定式”作宾语。不定式可以和疑问代词(who,whom,whose,what,which)或疑问副词(when,where,how,why)连用构成不定式短语。如:Idon'tknowwheretogo.我不知道去哪儿。Heaskedhowtodoit.他问怎么做。后接“疑问词+todo”作宾语的动词:学会忘记有难处(learn,forget),想知道就别来劝告(wonder,know,advise),展开讨论教人对付(show,discuss,teach),弄清楚才决定告诉(findout,decide,tell)。()1.(2012年广东)Ittookmetwoweeks________readingthenovelswrittenbyGuoJingming.A.finishB.tofinishC.finishesD.FinishingBIttakessb.+时间+todosth.花费某人多少时间做某事,是固定搭配,故选B。()2.(2012年广东广州)Iaskedher________thebagbecauseitwastooexpensive.A.nottobuyB.tobuynotC.notbuyingD.notbuyA题意:我要她不要买这个包,因为太贵了。asksb.todosth.请求某人做某事,其否定形式为asksb.nottodosth.,故选A。)3.(2012年广东深圳)—Whatarethe________doing(there?—Theyarebusy________theirscienceA.boysstudents;todoB.boystudents;todoC.boysstudents;doingD.boystudents;doingD用一个名词来作另一个名词的定语时,其复数形式通常只需将后一个名词变为复数(用man,woman作定语时需要两个都变为复数);bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事。故选D。experiment.()4.(2012年广东深圳)—It'stimefordinner,Linda.Let'soutthisevening.—Nice.ButIpreferChinesefood________westernfood.A.eat;toC.eat;thanB.toeat;thanD.toeat;toAlet后加省略to的不定式,即动词原形;preferAtoB比起B来更喜欢A。()5.(2012年广东深圳)—Wouldyoulike________theWutongMountaintomorrow?—Ifmymother________,Iwillgowithyou.A.climbing;willallowB.climbing;allowsC.toclimb;allowsD.toclimb;willallowC题意:“你明天愿意去爬梧桐山吗?”“如果我妈妈同意,我就跟你去。”wouldliketodosth.愿意做某事,是固定搭配。“Ifmymother...”是一个条件状语从句,用一般现在时表将来,故选C。()6.(2012年广东湛江)—It'sgoingtorain.Remember________anumbrella—Allright,Mom.A.takingC.totakewhenyougotoschool.B.bringingD.tobringCremembertodosth.记住要做某事,rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事,根据题意可知事情“未做”,故可以排除A、B两项。take意为“带走”,bring意为“带来”,故选C。()7.(2012年广东肇庆)Ourteacheralwaystellsus________timeplayingcomputergames.A.nottowasteB.notwasteC.don'twasteAtellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事。()8.(2012年广东肇庆)—Howdoyoufeelwhenyouwatchthenationalflaggoup?—Itmakesme________veryproud.A.feelB.feltC.tofeelAmake的主动语态中用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语,即makesb.dosth.(使某人做某事)。()9.(2012年广东茂名)Canyouseethegirl________outsidetheclassroom?SheisMissLi'sdaughter.A.standsB.standingC.StandB题意:你看到站在教室外的那个女孩了吗?她是李老师的女儿。句中已有谓语,故应用非谓语形式,standing作后置定语,表示stand这个动作是由主语发出的。()10.(2012年广东梅州)—It'stoohot.Wouldyoumindmy________thewindow?—________.Doitasyoulike,please.A.toopen;OKB.opening;CertainlynotC.opening;OfcourseD.open;GoodideaBmindsb.('s)doingsth.介意某人做某事;且根据答语可知是不介意,故可用certainlynot(当然不)来回答。()11.(2012年广东梅州)Ifanyoneeverasksherhowoldsheis,shealwaysanswers,“Mydear,itmustbeterrible________!”A.grownupC.begrownupB.beinggrownupD.tobegrownupDit's+adj.+todosth.做某事怎么样;begrownup长大成人。()12.(2011年广东)TrytosingmoreEnglishsongs,youwillfinditinteresting________aforeignlanguage.A.learningC.learnB.learnsD.tolearnD根据句型“find+it+adj.+todosth.”可知选D。()13.(2011年广东广州)—Ifeelabithungrynow.—Whynot________fordinnerwithus?A.goC.togoB.didyougoD.doyougoA“Whynotdosth.?”是表示提建议的常用句型。()14.(2011年广东深圳)—Doyouo