当前位置:首页 > 外语资料 > 英语基础 > 41英语句子成分分析
Heknewimmediatelybymyfaceandtonethatsthwasup.主语↓谓语↓状语↓↓宾语状语↓1.ImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.↓主语↓谓语↓定语↓宾语↓同位语↓状语句子成分定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分:主语和谓语次要成分:表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语㈠主语(subject)句子说明的人或事物•Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.•Shewentoutinahurry.•Fourplusfouriseight.•Toseeistobelieve.•Smokingisbadforhealth.•Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.•Whathehassaidistrue.(名词)(代词)(数词)(不定式)(动名词)(名词化的形容词)(句子)找出句中主语Thesunrisesintheeast.Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.Seeingisbelieving.Toseeistobelieve.Helikesdancing.Whatheneedsisabook.ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish(名词)(代词)(数词)(动名词)(不定式)(句子)(名词化的形容词)(It形式主语)㈡谓语说明主语的动作、状态和特征•简单谓语:1.由动词或动词词组组成•Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill.•Helookedaftertwosickpersons.•复合谓语•1.由系动词加一个表语•Heisateacher.•2.由情态动词或助动词+动词;•HecanspeakEnglishwell.•Shedoesn’tseemtolikedancingShowyourpassport,please.Shedidn'tsayanything.Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.Theyaskedtoseemypassport.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?(名词)(代词)(数词)(名词化的形容词)(三)宾语动作的对象或承受者——及物动词或介词的宾语(不定式)(动名词)(句子)•宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.•Hegavemesomebooks.↓间接宾语↓直接宾语●pleasepassmethebook.●Heboughthismumsomeflowers.(四)表语在系动词后的部分就是表语1.Thewarwasover.2.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.3.Timeisprecious.4.I’mnotquitewelltoday.5.Thatremainsapuzzle.6.Idon’tfeelrelaxed.(五)定语修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句•Heisacleverboy.•Film-makingisateamwork.•Thereare54studentsinourclass.•Doyouknowbetty’ssister?•Thereisaswimmingpoolinmyschool.•Hisspokenlanguageisgood.(形容词)(名词)(数词)(名词的所有格)(现在分词)(过去分词)定语后置:如果定语是由一个单词表示时,通常要前置。而由一个词组或一个句子表示时,通常则后置Thegirlinredishissister.Wehavealotofworktodo.Thegirlstandingunderthetreeishisdaughter.Doyouknowthemanwhospokejustnow?(六)状语状语的功用:状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。•Iwillbebackinawhile.•Theyareplayingontheplayground.•Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.•Hegotupsolatethathemissedthetrain.•Iwaitedtoseeyou.•Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.•Hisparentsdied,leavinghimnothing.•Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.•Thisbookisveryinteresting.•Hedidn’tgotoschoolbecauseofhisillness.•Ifoundthebookinteresting.•Doyousmellsomethingburning?•Hemadehimselfknowntothem.(六)宾语补足语有些及物动词除了有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补足语,说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足,使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有:make,consider,cause,see,find,call,get,have,let.•Sheaskedmetolendherahand.StepFourTrainingandTestingExercises:分析句子结构1)Youareastudent.2)Hefelthappytoday.3)Whatyousaidmademehappy.4)CouldyougivemesomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglishwell?5)Afterhefinishedhishomework,hewentaway.6)Helikespopmusic.7)Thesoundsoundsstrange.8)Thefoodtastesgood.9)Hegavemeabookyesterday.10)Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.系动词1)状态系动词(be动词)例如:Heisateacher.(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)2)持续系动词keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand例如:Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。3)表像系动词seem,appear,look,例如:Helookstired.他看起来很累。4)感官系动词feel,smell,sound,taste例如:Thiskindofclothfeelsverysoft.这种布手感很软。注意:系动词不用于被动语态.5)变化系动词become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.例如:Hebecamemadafterthat.自那之后,他疯了。6)终止系动词prove,turnout,表达“证实”,“变成”之意例如:Therumorprovedfalse.这谣言证实有假。句子成分定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分:主语和谓语次要成分:表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语
本文标题:41英语句子成分分析
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