如何写商业报告 How_to_Write_a_Business_Report

2009-12-2HowtoWriteBusinessReports制定/日期：审核/日期：Page2Whydoweneedtowriteareport?董事长董事长助理董事长秘书CEO（陈生）企划发展部副总（空）汽车电子事业部副总汽车数字产品事业部副总COOCFO塑胶模具事业部副总海外事业部副总综合管理部WhatisaReport?Hello,Jim,ThisisRamonincustomerservices.Thebosswantstoknowhowthingsaregoingwiththe400-caseSleepwellorder.Arewegoingtomakethe4p.m.shippingorder?Oh,Hi,Ramon.Wearegoingtomakethedeadline,withtimetospare.Wehaveabout250casesontheloadingdock,100ontheboxline,and50goingthroughthelabelingprocess.They’llallbereadyfortheloaderattwoo’clock.WhatisaReport?Theoralconversationhasshownfourfeaturesofthereport.1)reportstypicallytravelupwardinanorganizationbecausetheyusuallyarerequestedbyahigherauthority.2)reportsarelogicallyorganized:deductive(conclusionfirstfollowedbysupportingevidence)andinductive(supportingevidencefirstanddrawaconclusionfinally)WhatisaReport?3)reportsstressobjectivity.4)reportsaregenerallypreparedforalimitedaudience.DefinitionofaReportInconclusion,areportisanorderly,objectivemessageusedtoconveyinformationfromoneorganizationalareatoanotherorfromoninstitutiontoanothertoassistindecisionmakingorproblemsolving.TypesofBusinessReportsIntermsoffunction:Informational;analyticalIntermsofpurpose:Periodicreport;progressreport;incidentreport;tripreport,etc.Intermsofforms:FormalandinformalIntermsoflength:Long;shortTypesofBusinessReports报告能够提供单纯信息销售报告（周或月销售数据）季度报告（一个季度内某种产品的数据或某项目的盈利数据）信息加分析年度报告（财务数据、公司年度业绩）审计报告偿付报告信息+分析+建议可行性报告论证型报告问题解决型报告BasisforaReportProblemisthebasisforareport.Thefollowingstepsareusedforfindingasolution:1.Recognizeanddefinetheproblem2.Selectamethodofsolution3.Collectandorganizethedata4.ArriveatananswerAfterfinishingthewholeprocedure,youcanstartthereport.RecognizingandDefiningtheProblemAgoodstartishalfdone!Forbusinessreport:problemisusuallyclear,butyouneedtonarrowitdown.Example:Youareanconsultingfirm,youarerequiredtowriteaconsultingreporton“salariesofofficesupportstaff”RecognizingandDefiningtheProblemAgoodstartishalfdone!Forbusinessreport:problemisusuallyclear,butyouneedtonarrowitdown.Example:Youareanconsultingfirm,youarerequiredtowriteaconsultingreporton“salariesofofficesupportstaff”NarrowdowntheproblemUse5W+HmethodWhat:astudyofsalariesofofficesupportstaffWhy:todeterminewhethersalariesinourfirmarecompetitiveandconsistentWhen:currentWhere:ourmetropolitanareaWho:officesupportstaffemployeesinbanksStatementofthePurposeThepurposeofthisstudyistosurveysalariesofofficesupportstaffinlocalbankstodeterminewhetheroursalariesarecompetitiveandconsistent.SelectingamethodofsolutionPrimarymethodNormativesurveyresearch:questionnaires,opinionsurveys,checklists,andinterviewsSamplingObservationalresearchExperimentalresearchSecondarymethods—libraryresearchCollectdatathroughsurveysArriveatAnswerOrganizethedataCollecttheappropriatedataInterpretingthedataGivingarecommendationIntroductionIntroduction---aimsatinformingthereceiverwhatinformationwillbecarriedinthereport---introducesthebackground,statesthesubjects,purposeandmethodofsolvingtheproblem,andsummarizesthefindings---shouldbebriefandclearContentsofBusinessReportsIntroductionincludes:---whyitiswritten---whatitisabout---whoisitintendedfor---whoaskedforit---whatinvestigationormethodswereusedContentsofBusinessReportsForexample:1)Followingyourmemoof27Aprilwecarriedoutasmallstudyofstaffviewsin3selecteddepartments.(indicateswhythereportwasdrawn)2)InthisreportIpresentthedatacollectedforimprovingournewseriesproducts(indicateswhatinformationwillbecarried)ContentsofBusinessReports3)InthisreportIpresenttheinformationyouwantedtohavebeforedecidingwhetherornottoinvestinNewHorizon,Inc.4)Thisreportsummarizesthecollection-seriesresearchyouauthorizedonFebruary.15.ItconfirmsthefindingsreportedinthepreliminaryreportsenttoyouonApril1.Thenewcollectionseriesdoesleadtoasignificantlyimprovedrateofcollection.ContentsofBusinessReportsIllustration---thewayyoucollectinformation,thesourceofyourinformationForexample:1)Mypersonnelofficerinformallyaskedarepresentativesampleofofficeworkers(inthreedepartments)anumberofquestions.ContentsofBusinessReports2)IobtainedmostinformationfromMr.RonaldBraun,thefinancialanalyst,andMs.MargaretPersaskytheinvestmentadvisor.Ialsospokewithsomeoftheseniorstaffinthefinancialdepartment.IalsoreadsomereportonABCCompanyinsomeleadingnewspapersandtradejournals.ContentsofBusinessReportsDiscussion---itistheanalysisonthecollectedfacts---worksasakeypartofthereportineffectingthefuturestrategymaking---shoulddescribethedetailedinformationofthesubjectobjectively.---reasonthefactors,resultandpossiblemeasuresContentsofBusinessReportsForexample:Weattributethedecreaseofthesalesvolumetothefollowingthreefactors:(1)Rivals,drasticprice-cuttingtogainmoremarketshares;(2)Ourreducedcommissionratetosalesrepresentatives;(3)BonusprogramspromotedbyWelfar,oneofourmajorrivalsContentsofBusinessReportsConclusion---averyimportantsectionthatsummarizesthemajorfindingsofthereportandtellswhatthefindingsmean.---basedontheanalysisofthefactsordiscussionforthereadersofthereport.ContentsofBusinessReportsForexample:Inconclusion,