冠词

冠词冠词是高考考查的重要语法之一。考查的形式以单项选择为主，但在短文改错中也经常出现。冠词的用法比较零散，只有平时注意积累，归纳，总结，注意冠词特殊用法,才能较好地掌握它。高考命题趋势1、泛指一类人和物。相当于any.eg.1Ahorseisanusefulanimal.2Asteelworkermakessteel.2、表示one,acertain或everyeg.Ihaveamouth,anoseandtwoears.Aboyiswaitingforyou.Therearesevendaysaweek.3、用在序数词前，“又一，再一”；amost=avery.eg.Althoughhehadfailedfourtimes,hewasdeterminedtotryafifthtime.Thisisamostinstructivefilm.4、用在many,half,such等词后.eg.Manyaboyisswimming.Thevillageishalfanhour’swalkfromhere.不定冠词“a”和“an”的用法5、用在so(as/too/howetc.)+形容词之后eg.1Howinterestingafilmitis!=Howinterestingthefilmis!2Heisnotso/asgoodadriverasyou.6、用a/an+抽象名词，表示“一件…的事”;“一个….的人”(success,failure,help,pleasure,joy,honour…)eg.1Heisasuccess.2Theplanisfailure.7、用a/an+物质名词，表示“一…”eg.acoffee;atea;abrandy;anicecream8、用a/an表示部分不可数名词，表示“一点”，“一些”等。asmile一丝微笑arain一场雨makeanoise制造一点噪音9、与专有名词连用，“一个。。。式的人”；“。。。的作品”。eg:aLeiFengofourclass;playaLiszt10、固定搭配getinaword,haveagoodtime,haveaswim1、用在单数名词前，表示类指（一类人或一类物）。Eg.Thehorseisausefulanimal.2、表示特指的或上文已提到的人或物。Eg.1Howdidyoulikethereport?2Iborrowedabookyesterday.Thebookisveryinteresting3、表示世界上独一无二的东西。Eg.Thesunisthecentreoftheword.4、表示江河海，山川群岛，海峡海湾，报刊杂志或由几个普通名词构成的专有名词表示国家，党派的名称时，通常用the.eg.theDeadSea；thepeople’sRepublicofChina；theNewYorkTimes5、定冠词+姓氏复数，表示夫妇俩或一家人。eg.theSmithstheTurners6、演奏的乐器名称前加定冠词.eg.Playthepianoplaytheflute7、用在方位名词前或某些表示时间的词组或惯用语中.eg.Ontheleft(right)inthewestintheendinthemorning8、某些形容词前加the表示一类人或物，指人时谓语动词用复数。eg.1Therichbecomericher,thepoorpoorer.2Thebeautifulisalwaysloved.3TheChineseareworkinghard.9、用在序数词前，形容词的最高级前及表示两者之间的比较中.Eg.1thelongestriver；thethirdlesson2Heisthetallerofthetwo.10、表示几十年代的数字之前。Eg.Inthe1870s（而表示“在某人四十多岁”时翻译成inhisforties)11、表示发明物的名词前.Eg.AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthephonein1876.1.泛指的抽象名词、物质名词、专有名词，复数名词，人名、地名等前，一般不用冠词。如：Eg.1Whattheyneediswater.2Failureisthemotherofsuccess.3SusanandJanearetwins.3China,Tom,ShangdongProvince.2.球类、棋类运动前都不加冠词。如：Eg.playchess(下象棋)playfootball（踢足球）3．名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词,名词所有格及kindof,sortof,typeof,pieceof等限制时不加冠词。如：eg.Thisismybook.4.三餐前不加冠词，但有形容词修饰时加a表示一顿。eg.1Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforlunch?2Wehadareallygooddinner.5.四季前一般不加the。但特指必须加the。eg.1Itwasverycoldinthewinterof1985.2Summercomesafterspringandbeforeautumn.6.表示独一无二头衔或职位的名词在句中做宾补，表语以及同位语时，大都用零冠词。eg.Hewasmademonitoronlyyesterday.7.当bike，car，taxi，bus，train，foot，ship等与介词by连用，表示一种交通手段时，不用the。eg.Didyoucomebackbyplaneorbytrain?还有bywater，byland，bysea，byair，onfoot，Onhorseback以及bytelephone，bytelegraph但takeabus，onthebike，inaboat等需加冠词。8．表示语言的名词前一般不用冠词。如：eg.Chinese，English,French,但用language时需加the如:theChineselanguage9、在含有day的节日、假日前，不用冠词Children’sDay,但在含有festival的节日前，需加冠词theSpringFestival;theMid–autumnFestival.10.turn作“变成，成为”，后边的名词不带冠词。turnengineer=becomeanengineer.11.用于家庭成员或nurse,cook,teacher等具有ournurse(cook,teacher)等意义时：Teacherwasverypleasedwithourwork.Motherwasbeingmadeuplookingliketheideal,middle-agedhousewife.12.在某些词组中，用不用冠词，所表示的含义不同。如gotoschool(上学)gototheschool(到学校去)inhospital(住院)inthehospital(在医院里面)infrontof(在…前面)inthefrontof(在…前部)ofage成年ofanage同龄dieofcold冻死dieofacold感冒而死attable用餐atatable在桌子旁inword口头上inaword总而言之atsea茫然不知所措atthesea在海上Inchargeof负责。。。Inthechargeof有谁负责twoofus我们中的两人thetwoofus就我们两人冠词的一个基本用法：表示类别，也就是泛指一类人或物，侧重种类，而不是数量。1）不定冠词和单数可数名词及不可数名词搭配，表示类别。①Jumpingoutof___airplaneattenthousandfeetisquite___excitingexperience.A./;theB./;anC.an;anD.the;the②---Haveyouseen___pen?Ileftitherethismorning.---Isit___blackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;aCD③Manypeopleagreethat___knowledgeofEnglishisamustin___internationaltradetoday.A.a;/B.the;anC.the;theD./;theA2)定冠词和单数可数名词及某些形容词搭配，表示类别或抽象概念。①Thewarmthof___sweaterwillofcoursebedeterminedbythesortof___woolused.A.the;theB.the;/C./;theD./;/②AlexanderGrahamBellinvented___telephonein1876.A./B.aC.theD.oneBC③Hetoldmethat___richgotricherand___poorgotpoorer.A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD.a;theA3)零冠词与复数可数名词及不可数名词搭配，表示类别。①Mostanimalshavelittleconnectionwith___animalsof___differentkindunlesstheywillkillthemforfood.A.the;aB./;aC.the;theD./;the②MrSmith,there’samanat___frontdoor,whosayshehas___newsforyouofgreatimportance.A.the;/B.the;theC./;/D./;theBA1.Georgeis___Englishboy.Hishomeland“England”is___Europeancountry.A.a;aB.an;anC.an;aD.a;an2.___afaithfulanimal.A.DogisB.DogsareC.AdogisD.Andogis3.Hehaddonetheexperimentseventimeswithoutsuccess,sohetried___eighthtime.A.aB.anC.theD./4.Hangzhouis___mostbeautifulcity.A.aB.anC.theD./5.___animalssleepunderthesnowinwinter.A.GreatmanyB.ManyaC.AgreatmanyD.AgreatdealCABCC6.Icameacrossmyfirstteacher___.A.onaSundayB.ontheSundayC.ontheSundayD.onSundays7.Longjingis___wonderfulChinesetea.A.aB.anC.theD./8.___wholacksoneorbothparentsiscalledanorphan.A.AchildB.AnchildC.ThechildD.Child9.Whereare___?A.apairofslipperB.apairofslippersC.slippersD.theslippers10.___ParkHotelisnolongerthehighestbuildinginShanghainow.A.AB.AnC.TheD./CDAAA11.Theteacherpattedtheboys___affectionately.A.ontheirheadB.ontheirheadsC.ontheheadD.ontheheads12.Wearenowlivingintheroomwhosewindowsface___.A.inthesouthB.insouthC.tothesouthD.tosouth13.Herhometownis___.A.nearMississippiB.neartheMississippiC.inMississippiD.intheMississ