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YourPaper'sTitleStartsHere:PleaseCenterFirstAuthor1,SecondAuthor2andOthers32Fulladdressofsecondauthor,includingcountry,email3ListalldistinctaddressesinthesamewayKeywords:Listthekeywordscoveredinyourpaper.Thesekeywordswillalsobeusedbythepublishertoproduceakeywordindex.Abstract.Thisdocumentexplainsanddemonstrateshowtoprepareyourcamera-readymanuscriptorTransTechPublications.Thebestistoreadtheseinstructionsandfollowtheoutlineofthistext.hetextareaforyourmanuscriptmustbe17cmwideand25cmhigh(6.7and9.8inches,resp.).Donotplaceanytextoutsidethisarea.Usegoodquality,whitepaperofapproximately21x29cmor8x11inches.Yourmanuscriptwillbereducedbyapproximately20%bythepublisher.Pleasekeepthisinmindwhendesigningyourfiguresandtablesetc.1Introduction&BackgroundsInordertoindicatetheoriginofthetollwayproblems,thefollowingbackgroundisworthmentioning.Inter-collegiatesportsintheUSbeganin1852whencrewsfromHarvardandYalemetinachallengeraceinthesportofrowing.Asrowingremainedthepreeminentsportinthecountryintothelate-1800s,manyoftheinitialdebatesaboutcollegiateathleticeligibilityandpurposeweresettledthroughorganizationsliketheRowingAssociationofAmericanCollegesandtheIntercollegiateRowingAssociation.Asothersportsemerged,notablyfootballandbasketball,manyofthesesameconceptsandstandardswereadopted.Football,inparticular,begantoemergeasamarqueesport,buttherulesofthegameitselfwereinconstantfluxandoftenhadtobeadaptedforeachcontest.TheNCAAdatesitsformationtotwoWhiteHouseconferencesconvenedbyPresidentTheodoreRoosevelttoencouragereformstocollegefootballpracticesintheearly20thcentury,whichhadresultedinrepeatedinjuriesanddeathsandpromptedmanycollegeanduniversitiestodiscontinuethesport.[1]FollowingthoseWhiteHousemeetings,ChancellorHenryMacCrackenofNewYorkUniversityorganizedameetingof13collegesanduniversitiestoinitiatechangesinfootballplayingrules;atafollow-onmeetingonDecember28,1905inNewYork,62higher-educationinstitutionsbecamechartermembersoftheIntercollegiateAthleticAssociationoftheUnitedStates(IAAUS).[1]TheIAAUSwasofficiallyestablishedonMarch31,1906,andtookitspresentname,theNCAA,in1910.[1]Forseveralyears,theNCAAwasadiscussiongroupandrules-makingbody,butin1921thefirstNCAAnationalchampionshipwasconducted:theNationalCollegiateTrackandFieldChampionships.Gradually,morerulescommitteeswereformedandmorechampionshipswerecreated,includingabasketballchampionshipin1939.[4](引用wiki)NCAA是美国college的主要体育活动组织，各个大学积极参与NCAA举办的各类体育联赛。美国全国上下对NCAA的热情以及关注程度之高无法想像。NCAA的兴盛是美国大学文化的一种缩影，形成了崇尚体育的精神。NCAA的存在培养了College学生的体格、以及他们的荣誉感、团队能力，不仅如此，NCAA更是众多美国的职业联赛(例如NBA、NFL、NHL)明星的诞生地！NCAAisamainorganizationofAmericancolleges.EverycollegetakesanactivepartinallkindsofleaguematchesNCAAholds.YoucanhardlyimaginehowmuchpeopleallovertheUSAareenthusiasticandconcernedaboutNCAA.TheprosperityofthebasketballistheepitomeofthecultureofAmericancolleges,forminganoblespiritofsports.TheexistenceofNCAAhasdevelopedthecollegestudents’physique,senseofhonorandteamspirit.Besides,NCAAisthehomeofmanywell-knownbasketballplayersofAmericanprofessionalleaguematches(NBA、NFL、NHL).2TheDescriptionoftheProblemNCAA与众多职业联赛不同，在职业联赛中球星的地位或许比教练还高，但在NCAA中一个优秀的教练是胜利的保证。因此我们应当向这些伟大的教练们致敬!NCAAisdifferentfrommanyprofessionalleaguematches.Intheprofessionalleaguematches,thepositionofthetopplayersishigherthanthatofcoaches.Solet’ssalutetothosegreatcoaches.本文的主要讨论的内容即为如何挑选出上个世纪中的传奇大学教练。我们通过对某一项运动中大学联赛教练数据的细致分析，选举出在该联赛一个世纪(1913-2013)的历史中的最佳教练，并由此得到一个能在不同比赛项目中通用的评价标准。Inthispaper,whatwemainlydiscussaboutisonhowtochoosecollegecoachesfulloflegendinthepastcentury.Closeanalysisofthedataofcoacheswillhelpustochoosethebestcoachesinthehistoryofacentury(1913-2013)andthengetanevaluationstandardincommonuseindifferentmatches.美国的篮球联赛风靡全世界，NCAA中的篮球联赛更是美国国民最关注的联赛之一，一到CollegeBasketball锦标赛，全国上下进入疯狂的三月(MarchMadness)，媒体们蜂拥式的报道NCAAbasketballtournament。获得最后的冠军学校受到全国的瞩目，甚至会提高学校的综合排名。在这过程中教练的作用是不可估量的。为了简化问题，本文中我们先从大学篮球联赛入手。分析在上一个世纪中的最佳教练Americanbasketballleaguematchesarefashionableallovertheworld.NCAAisevenoneofthemostpopularleaguematchesAmericancitizensareconcernedabout.Uponthecollegebasketballtournament,thewholenationisenteringtheMarchMadness,andmediasareasbusyasabee,reportingNCAAbasketballtournament.Thosecollegeswinningthelastchampionshiparedeeplyconcernedbythewholenation,anditcanevenhelptopromotetheircomprehensivecollegeranks.Inthiscase,theroleofcoachesisprettygreat.Tosimplifytheproblem,we’llbeginwithNCAAbasketballtournamentandanalysisthebestplayersofthelastcentury.｛在初步的分析中，我们着眼于一个优秀教练所需要具备的自身素质及能力，在美国所推行的“标准本位的教练员评价”中提到了八项评判标准：专业能力，训练能力，运动员管理，运动员评价，训练表现，人际沟通，专业成长，人格特质。而在评价体系中所采取的主要评价方法是：训练课观察，运动员成就，档案袋管理，同行评价等[1]Duringthebeginninganalysis,wefocusonqualitiesabilitiesanexcellentcoachshouldpossess.InAmerica,“eightevaluatingstandards”callourattention,thatis,theprofessionalability,trainingability,theadministrationofplayers,trainingperformances,communicationskills,professionalgrowth,characterqualities.Meanwhile,intheevaluatingsystem,thefollowingapproachesaremainlyused:thetrainingobservation,theplayer’sachievement,thearchivesadministrationandtheassessmentsofcolleagu