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中南民族大学硕士学位论文心理契约视角下的饭店员工忠诚研究姓名：徐其涛申请学位级别：硕士专业：企业管理指导教师：黄金铸20080526IIIAbstractWithChina'saccessiontoWTO,theworldtrendofeconomicintegrationhasbecomemoreevident.Withnaturalopennessandinternationalization,thecompetitioninChina'shotelindustrybecomesmoreintense.Howtoretaintalents,cultivateandenhanceemployeeloyaltyisthekeyofhealthydevelopmentofhotelenterprises.Asanimportantsupplementofeconomiccontract,psychologicalcontractiscrucialtokeeptheemploymentrelationship,maintainemployees’moraleandraisetheirloyaltydegree.Comparedwitheconomiccontract,althoughthecontentofemployees’psychologicalcontractisambiguous,implicitanddynamic,butitalsoinfluencesemployees’attitudes,behaviorandworkperformancestotheenterprisessogreatlythatitbecomesoneofthemostimportantstudiesinhumanresourcemanagementandorganizationalbehaviorfield.Thisthesisfirstreviewstheresultsofresearchonpsychologicalcontractandemployeeloyaltyinthepastbythescholarsabroadandinland.Theseresultsincludeconceptions,characteristics,structuraldimensionsandeffectivenessofpsychologicalcontract;thesignificanceofemployeeloyaltyandloyaltydegreeandotherrelatedcontents.Onthebasisoftheseresults,thisthesisexplicatesthepositiveandnegativeeffectsofpsychologicalcontractonemployeeloyaltytheoreticallythroughthestudyontheprocessandinfluentialfactorsofpsychologicalcontractbreachandviolation.Second,thisthesisanalyzestheloyaltystatusandreasonsforlowloyaltydegreeofhotelemployeesinChinaindepth,andthenitdemonstratestheurgencyandnecessityinthemanagementofemployeeloyaltyinhotelbusiness.Finally,accordingtothehotels’experienceintheactualoperationinChina,thisthesisproposesconductingpsychologicalcontractmanagementmodeltothehotelemployees.Thatis,throughpracticethewagesystemforefficiencyandcareermanagementtothehotelemployees,andconstantlyimprovestheemployeesofthetransactionpsychologicalcontractandrelationship-basedpsychologicalcontractwhicharethemostimportantdimensionsinpsychologicalcontract.Inaddition,thisthesisaddressessomerelevantstrategiesandsuggestionsinthehotelculturebuildingandsecuritysystemforpsychologicalcontractestablishingthusenhancetheloyaltyofhotelemployees,constructhotelcorecompetitivenessandobtaincompetitiveadvantagesinthefiercemarketcompetition.Keywords:HotelmanagementPsychologicalcontractEmployeeloyalty111.11.1.110%15%30%200363%69%200233%42%1.1.2.[J].200507117-118.[J].20031155-5721.219977136.[J].20070360-61.[J].20071292-93.[J].200608114-115.[J].20070647-4831.31.3.11.3.2422.12.1.1Psychologicalcontract2030Mayo1938Bernard20601962Levinson1973KotterSchein------RousseauArgyris.Understandingorganizationalbehavior[M].Homewood.11.DorseyKotterJP.Thepsychologicalcontract[J].CaliforniaManagementReview,1973,15:91-99ScheinEH.Organizationalpsychology[M].3rded.EnglewoodCliffs,NewJersy:Prentice-Hall,19805Herriot&PembertonRousseauExpectancy(Belief)(Perception)(Responsibility)Herriot&Pemberton2.1.2Aderson2.1.2.1MacNeil1985RobinsonKraatzRousseau1994132577RousseauDM,ParksJM.Thecontractsofindividualsandorganizations[J].ResearchinOrganizationalBehavior,1993,15:1-47HerriotP,PembertonC.Contractingcareers[J].HumanRelations,1996,49:82-111AndersonN,SchalkR.Thepsychologicalcontractinretrospectandprospect[J].JournalofOrganizationalBehavior,1998,19:637-64768transactionalfactorrelationalfactorRousseauTsul1997RousseauMillward&Hopkin19981200Rousseau()10002.1.2.2Rousseau&Tijorimala1995RobinsonSL,KraatzMS,RousseauDM.Changingobligationsandpsychologicalcontract:ALongitudinalStudy[J].AcademyofmanagementJournal,1994,37:137-152.[J].2001274-777Lee&Tinsley1999Rousseau2.1.2.3Freese&Schaik19951996HerriotManning&kidd1997Thomas1998MBA82.1.32.12.12.1.3.1.[M].20064-89()2.1.3.22.1.3.32.1.3.42.1.3.5102.22.2.12.2.22.32.3.1112.3.21233.13.1.13.1.1.119083.1.1.2133.1.23.23.2.13.2.1.1143.2.1.2()525%85%3.2.2153.2.33.2.3.15%-10%15%23332-52000-200425.64%23.92%24.2%22.56%23.4123.95%3.2.3.2.[J].200501100-101163.33.3.13.1173.13.13.3.2183.3.3FreeseSchalk()192044.14.24.2.14.2.2214.2.2.14.2.2.24.2.2.3224.2.2.44.2.34.2.3.14.2.3.2222432201/24220l/4234.2.3.34.2.44.2.4.14.2.4.24.1244.12555.15.1.15.1.25.1.35.2265.2.13-420%-30%80%90%efficiencywages20202080275.2.22120605.2.2.11-2%30-60.[M].200326-40285.2.2.25.2.2.35.2.2.45.2.3295.2.3.1Rousseau19955.15.1(5.2)5.2.3.2305.25.2.3.3/315.2.4.[M].20063-43233[1]ScheinEH.Organizationalpsychology[M].3rded.EnglewoodCliffs,NewJersy:Prentice-Hall,1980[2]RousseauDM,ParksJM.Thecontractsofindividualsandorganizations[J].ResearchinOrganizationalBehavior,1993,15:1-47[3]RousseauDM,Changingthedealwhilekeepingthepeople[J].AcademyofManagementExecutive,1996,10:50-61[4]RobinsonSL,KraatzMS,RousseauDM.Changingobligationsandpsychologicalcontract:Alongitudinalstudy[J].AcademyofmanagementJournal,1994,37:137-152[5]HerriotP,PembertonC.Contractingcareers[J].HumanRelations,1996,49:82-111[6]RobinsonSL,RousseauDM.Violatingthepsychologicalcontract:Nottheexceptionbutthenorm[J].JournalofOrganizationalBehavior,1994,15:245-259[7]TurnleyWH,FeldmanDC.Theimpactofpsychologicalcontractviolationsonexit,voice,loyaltyandneglect[J].HumanRelations,1999,52(7):85