电子商务与贸易实务

ECANDBUSINESSOPERATION电子商务与贸易实务请用5分钟书面回答以下问题，答完后请在课后交过来：•企业名称，规模，行业，产品•姓名，职位，学历，就业时间•你家里有没有计算机，能不能上网，对你的计算机应用能力进行评价。•你所在单位计算机有多少台，有无网络，能不能上网，有没有网站，有没有信箱，利用率如何。•你，以及单位，在与其他机构，如政府部门之间的文件交换是什么形式？政府部门有没有要求这你或单位提供电子文档？•单位有没有计算机管理系统？如ERP，如有，利用水平如何。•单位有没有集成制造系统，如有，利用率如何？WHATISEC什么是电子商务DefinitionsandContentofFieldElectronicCommerce(EC)iswherebusinesstransactionstakeplaceviatelecommunicationsnetworks,especiallytheInternet.Electroniccommercedescribesthebuyingandsellingofproducts,services,andinformationviacomputernetworksincludingtheInternet.TheinfrastructureforECisanetworkedcomputingenvironmentinbusiness,home,andgovernment.E-BusinessdescribesthebroadestdefinitionofEC.Itincludescustomerserviceandintrabusinesstasks.ItisfrequentlyusedinterchangeablywithEC.PureVs.PartialElectronicCommerceThreedimensionstheproduct(service)sold[physical/digital];theprocess[physical/digital]thedeliveryagent(orintermediary)[physical/digital]TraditionalcommercealldimensionsarephysicalPureECalldimensionsaredigitalPartialECallotherpossibilitiesincludeamixofdigitalandphysicaldimensionsPhysicalagentDigitalagentDigitalProductPhysicalProductPhysicalprocessDigitalprocessVirtualprocessVirtualdeliveryagentVirtualproductElectroniccommerceareasThecoreofelectroniccommerceTheDimensionsofElectronicCommerceTraditionalcommerceAmarketisanetworkofinteractionsandrelationshipswhereinformation,products,services,andpaymentsareexchanged.Themarkethandlesallthenecessarytransactions.Anelectronicmarketisaplacewhereshoppersandsellersmeetelectronically.Inelectronicmarkets,sellersandbuyersnegotiate,submitbids,agreeonanorder,andfinishtheexecutionon-oroff-line.ElectronicMarketsAninterorganizationalinformationsystem(IOS)involvesinformationflowamongtwoormoreorganizations.Itsmajorobjectiveisefficientroutinetransactionprocessing,suchastransmittingorders,bills,andpaymentsusingEDIorextranets.Scope:AnIOSisaunifiedsystemencompassingtwoorseveralbusinesspartners.AtypicalIOSincludesacompanyanditssuppliersandand/orcustomers.InterorganizationInformationSystems©PrenticeHall,2000Business-to-businessBusiness-to-customerIntrabusinesstransactionsOthersElectronicCommerceBusinesstoBusinessBusinesstoCustomerIntraorganizationalOtherInterorganizationalSystemBusinesstoBusinessClassificationofElectronicCommerceClassificationofECbytheNatureoftheTransactionsAPPLICATIONOFECINDIFFERENTFIELD电子商务在不同领域中的应用RetailingElectronicMarketingDirectmarketingCustomizationOnlinecustomerserviceElectronicshoppingmalls:Intermediaries(e.g.InternetMall)Stores(e.g.Amazon,J.C.PenneyOnline)ElectronicintermediariesGlobalmarketingCustomerscanorderfromcyberstores24hoursaday,7daysaweekfromanyplaceintheworld11Shopper/PurchaserSeller/SupplierElectronicMarket(TransactionHander)Electroniccommercenetwork(Infrastructure)Product/serviceinformationrequestPurchaserequestPaymentorpaymentadvicePurchasefulfillmentrequestPurchasechangerequestResponsetofulfillmentrequestShippingnoticePaymentapprovalElectronictransferoffundsElectronictransferoffundsShopper/Purchaser’sBankPaymentremittancenoticeElectronictransferoffundsTransactionHandler’sBank(AutomatedClearingHouse)Seller/Supplier’sBankElectronicMarkets©PrenticeHall,2000ResponsetoinformationrequestPurchaseacknowledgmentShippingnoticePurchase/servicedelivery(ifonline)PaymentacknowledgmentActiveElectronicIntermediariesPureelectronicmallCompany’sretailingbusinessexistsonlyontheInternetElectronicdistributorstakefullresponsibilityoffulfillingordersandcollectingpaymentsElectronicbrokersassistthesearchprocessoffindingtheappropriateproductsandtheirvendorsPartialelectronicmallElectronicmallasoneofexistingdistributionchannelsAidingComparisonShoppingSearchhypertextfilesbyagentsSearchinaweb-baseddatabasebothbyhumanandsoftwareagentswithinane-mallComparableitemretrievalandtabularcomparisonComparisonsovermultiplemallsComparisonsasamultiplecriteriadecisionmakingInternetConsumersandMarketResearchTheImportanceofCustomersCompetition“fighting”oncustomerstosucceed:controlthe3CsCustomerscustomersbecomesaKing/Queentosucceed:findingandretainingcustomersChangeECisanewdistributionchanneltosucceed:convincecustomerstogoonlineandthentochooseyourcompanyovertheonlinecompetitorsThemajorpressuresarelabeledthe3CsOne-to-OneMarketingRelationshipmarketing“Overtattemptofexchangepartnerstobuildalongtermassociation,characterizedbypurposefulcooperationandmutualdependenceonthedevelopmentofsocial,aswellasstructural,bonds”“Treatdifferentcustomersdifferently”Abletochangethemanneritsproductsareconfiguredoritsserviceisdelivered,basedontheindividualneedsofindividualcustomersConsumerDemographics(1998)VariablesInfluencingDecisionMakingProcessAge(mostly21-30year-old)Maritalstatus(41%married&39%single)Educationallevel(81%withatleastsomecollegeeducation&50%obtainedatleastbaccalaureatedegree)Ethnicity(87%whiteinAmerica)Occupation(26%educational-relatedfield,22%computers&22%otherprofessionals)©PrenticeHall,20008AnsweringcustomerinquiresProvidingtechnicalandotherinformationLetti