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By亓晓冰TPO16ThewriterpointedoutthatarchaeologyinBritainhadseriousproblemsandlimitations,whereastheprofessorintroducedthenewguidelines,implementedbyUKin1990,thatimprovedthesituationofarchaeologyinthepassage.First,thenewguidelinesprovidethataconstructionsitebeexaminedofitsarchaeologicalinterestbeforeanyprojectplannedonitcanproceed.Ifthesiteownscertainarchaeologicalvalue,relevantpeoplemustmakeapreservationplantoprotectthearchaeologicalartifacts.Thismeasuresuccessfullyaddressesthefirstproblemmentionedinthereading--thelossofpreciousartifactsresultedfromconstructionprojects.Second,thenewguidelinesstatethattheconstructioncompanymustfundanyarchaeologicalworkdoneontheconstructionsite,fromtheinitialexaminationtothefollowingworkunderthepreservationplan.Thisrulemeansanewsourceoffinancialsupportandallowsmorearchaeologicalsitestobestudied,whichsolvesanotherproblemlistedinthereading--theinadequatefunding.Third,thenewguidelinesactuallycreatemanymorejobsinarchaeology.Theseexpertarchaeologistswillbehiredatvariousstagesofprocess,suchasexamination,preservation,researchanddocumentation.Increasedcareeropportunitiesinthisfieldboostthenumberofprofessionalarchaeologiststothehighestandeliminatethelastprobleminthereading--theinsufficientjobpositions.TPO17ThereadingpassageclaimsthatthenumberofbirdsintheUSwilldefinitelydecline.Yettheprofessorarguesthatbirdpopulationwillnotshrinkduetoincreaseinhumanpopulation,agriculture,andpesticideuseassuggestedbytheauthor.First,theprofessorpointsoutthaturbangrowth,whileharmfultosometypesofbirds,couldprovidehabitatsformanyothertypes.Asamatteroffact,urbanandsuburbandwellerscomplainfrequentlyabouttoomanybirds.This,however,contradictsthestatementinthereadingthaturbandevelopmentcausesbirdstodisappear.Second,theprofessorexplainsthatagriculturaldevelopwon’taffectbirdpopulationasthereadingillustrates.Newly-introducedandhighlyproductivecropscontinuouslycontributetoproductionenhancementandlesslanduse,makingitunnecessaryforhumanstodestroywildernessareas.Third,whileconvincedoftheharmfulnessofpesticideusetobirdsconcludedinthepassage,theprofessordon’tthinkitwillbeaprobleminthefuture,inthatpeopleareincreasinglyawareofthisproblem,andarethereforedevelopinglesstoxicpesticidesandpestresistantcropsassolutions.TPO18InthepassagetheauthordescribesthreewaystoaddressthedeclineofTorreya.Howevertheprofessordoubtsthepassagebystatingthatnoneofthethreewayswillwork.Tobeginwith,theprofessorpointsoutthatthefirstoptionmentionedinthepassage,reestablishingTorreya,willnotsucceed.Why?BecausemanyareaswithinFlorida’smicroclimateregionareturningdrierforeitherglobalwarming,orthedisappearingwetlands.ConsequentlythisregionfailstomeettheconditionTorreyaneedstosurvive.Additionally,theprofessorclaimsthatthesecondoption,relocatingTorreya,willdefinitelyresultinvain.Toillustratethisargumenttheexampleofanothertree,whichwasmovedtoanewenvironmentandthenquicklyspreadtokilloffotherplantspecies,includingsomealreadyendangeredones,isintroduced.Finally,theprofessorarguesagainstthethirdoptioninthereading,preservingTorreyainresearchcenters.ThepopulationofTorreya,sheexplains,hastobegeneticallydiverseinordertoresistdiseases.Nevertheless,researchcenters,differentfromthewild,arenotcapableofmaintainingsuchasize.Foralltheaboveanalysis,thesolutionsinthereadinglosetheirvalue.TPO19Asstatedinthereading,manycriticswouldlikebuzzingtobebanned.YetabuzzerBill,dissentingfromthosecritics,arguesforbuzzinginthreeaspects.First,hecontendsthatthepointmadeinthereading,thatbuzzersdon’ttellthetruth,isnottrue.Buzzers,heexplains,althoughtheyarepaidbycompanies,areactuallyprevioususershavingenjoyedtheproductandwillingtosharetheirrealthoughtswithus.Second,hearguesagainstbuzzers’roleinmisleadingconsumersasillustratedinthereading,bysayingthatconsumersremainclearandskepticalwhenbeingbuzzed.Theyquestionaboutdetailssuchasprice,serviceandthebuzzer’sfamiliaritybeforedrawingtheirfinaldecisionaccordingtotheresponses.Third,abouttheharmfuleffectsimposedbybuzzingoncivilizationmentionedinthereading,heindicatesthatbuzzersareonlyemployedtopromoteworthyproductstheyeverusedtoleaveconsumersaniceexperience,asaresultofwhichbuzzingbenefitssocialrelationships.热门网