Unit13测控技术与仪器专业英语SignalProcessChapter3IntroductiontoMeasurement/testTechnologyandEquipment2WordsandExpressions•algorithmicmethod计算方法•artificialintelligence(AI)人工智能•mathematicalequation数学方程式•decisiontheory决策论•formalism形式主义;形式体系•computingeffort计算代价;计算量•calibrate测定口径;调整;校正•criticalpoints临界点;关键点•digitalbus数据总线•crustiness硬壳•parameter参数;参量;系数3•Whileweappeartopreferthetotalobjectivityofamathematicallyformulatedmethodofsignalprocessing,itisnowwellproventhattheAImethodsoftenarebetterchoicestouseintermsofbetterspeedofperformanceandoftenlowercostofprocessing.•AI:artificialintelligence人工智能•当我们似乎更喜欢信号处理数学方法的整体客观性,现在证明,为了得到更好的速度性能和低成本的处理,人工智能方法经常是更好的选择。4•Oftentheyaretheonlysolutionsincethealgorithmicapproachcannotbedeployedbecauseofthelackofasuitablemathematicalformulationorpowerfulenoughprocessortorunthealgorithm.•经常当算法因为缺乏适合的数学表达式和足够强大处理器去运行算法而不能展开时,他们是唯一的解决方案。5•Signalprocessinginthemoderninstrument,therefore,willoftenmakeuseofmanydifferentmethods.Thisaccountisanintroductiontothecharacteristicsofthevariousformsandiswrittentoassistselection.Spacelimitationspreventpresentationofeachkindindetail.•因此,在现代仪器中的信号处理通常会使用许多不同的方法。这个说明只是对各种形式特征的一个介绍并被书写出来以帮助选择。空间的限制阻止了各种方法的详细介绍。6MaincontentOverviewofAlgorithmicMethods1OverviewofAppliedIntelligenceMethods2MappinginGeneral37OverviewofAlgorithmicMethods•Traditionallythemostpopularmethodusedtodevelopmappingmodelsisthatofmathematicalmodeling.•传统上用于开发映射模型中最受欢迎的方法是数学建模。•Themathematicalmodelisusuallywhatissought,asitprovidesthehighestlevelofunderstandingaboutthesubjectandthemostpreciserepresentationofthebehavior.•探索数学模型以提供课题最高水平理解和性能最精确的表达。8•Themajordisadvantageofmathematicalmodelsisthattheycanquicklybecomesocomplexthatimplementationofthesemodelsinmeasurementsystemsisoftenimpractical.•数学模型主要的缺点是迅速变得复杂,以致在测量系统中这些模型运行通常是不能实现的。•Inthisclass,thesingle,orsetofmultiple,inputsignal(s)tothedataprocessorisconvertedtotheoutputformusingtightlyformulatedmathematicaldescription.•在这类,单一的或多个输入信号的数据处理通过密切使用数学描述转化为输出形式。OverviewofAlgorithmicMethods9•Thisrelationshipiscalledthealgorithm.Strictrelationshipshold;therelationshipissaidtobeformal,meaningthatforanygiveninputtheoutputwillalwaysbethesame.Thealgorithmsupportsonlyoneinterpretation.•这种关系被称为所谓的算法。严格关系约束,关系可以说是有条理的,也就是说,对于任意给定输入输出将永远是一样的。算法只提供一种诠释。OverviewofAlgorithmicMethods10•Thismethodofsignalprocessingisthemosthighlydevelopedmethodandiscertainlyonetoaimforbecauseitisdevoidofambiguity.•aimfor瞄准;以…为目标力争…,针对•bedevoidof缺乏•ambiguity含糊;不明确;暧昧;•信号处理的方法是最高速发展的方法,必然以毫无歧义为目标的。OverviewofAlgorithmicMethods11•Allwillagreeonhowitwillrespond.Itcarriesacomfortinglevelofunderstandingand,thus,acceptance.•所有方法对如何响应取得了一致意见。它能达到一个令人欣慰的理解水平,从而接受它。OverviewofAlgorithmicMethods•Algorithmicmethodscanbeveryaccurate,traceable,andcanbecalibratedwithrelativeeaseandagreement.•traceable可追踪的;起源于;可描绘的•calibrate测定口径;调整;校正计算方法可以是非常精确的,可描述的,并能较容易地调整并达成一致。12•Theyarethebasisofmanyinstrumentationsystems.Theoriginoftheiruseininstrumentationgoesbacktotheearlydaysofcomputingusing,first,mechanicalcomputationalmachines(late1800stoaround1930)andthenanalogelectricdevices(early1900sto1960s),allofwhichweremostlyreplacedbytheuseofdigitalcomputerscommencingaround1950.•他们是许多仪器系统的基础。在仪器中,他们使用的起源可追溯到的早期的计算机使用,首先,机械计算机器(19世纪后期到1930年),然后到模拟电子设备(20世纪初到20世纪60年代),所有这些都从大约1950年开始由于数字计算机的使用而被代替。OverviewofAlgorithmicMethods13•Allofthesealgorithmicmethodsofprocessingcanbesimplisticallyregardedasembodimentsofamathematicalequationinsideasuitabletechnologicalmachine.•所有的这些处理方法可以简单地看成是一个包含适当的技术设备的数学方程具体化。OverviewofAlgorithmicMethods•Asthedemandscomplexityandperformancerequirementsgrewovertime,sothedidthedemandsonthedetailofthealgorithmandthemeanstomodelitinsideacomputationalmachine.•随着时间过去,由于需求复杂性和性能要求的增长,所以在计算机器里对算法细节和模型方法有要求。14•Mathematicaldescriptioneventuallyreacheslimitsofdefinitionasthemodelspushtheboundariesofmathematicalmethodsandhumandevelopment.Toooften,thisarisesbeforeadequatedetailisabletobebuiltintothemodel.Thealgorithmisthenaninadequatemodeloftheneed.•当模型推动数学描述方法和人类发展的界限,数学描述最终到达定义极限。通常,适当的细节能够被构造进模型之前产生。算法是由于模型不足而产生的需要。OverviewofAlgorithmicMethods15•Asthealgorithmincreasesincomplexity,theprocessingpowerneededmustbeincreasedtomaintainbothfidelityandspeedofprocessing.•随着算法复杂度的增长,处理能力必须提高以保持精确和处理速度。OverviewofAlgorithmicMethods•Despitegreatadvancesbeingmadeinalgorithmdevelopmentandincomputerpower,thealgorithmicmethodologyeventuallyencounteredmathematicalandtechnologicalbarriersinmanyfields.•尽管在算法的发展和计算能力上得到进步,在许多领域算法的方法论最终遇到数学上和技术上的壁垒。16•Themethodisseentonotalwaysbethebesttousebecauseoflackofanadequatealgorithmorthehighcostofcomputing.•研究方法因为缺乏适当的算法或由于高成本的计算不能得到最好地使用。OverviewofAlgorithmicMethods•Ininstrumentation,anotherfactoralsoarises.Fast,detailedprocessingbringswithittheneedforincreasingelectricalbandwidthrequirementsinsignaltransmission.Thisincreasesimplementationcostsandalsoeventuallyreachestechnologicalconstraints.•在仪器上,另外一个因素也出现。在信号传输上快速的具体处理导致需要增加电气带宽要求。增加的施工成本也最终达到技术限制。17MaincontentOverviewofAlgorithmicMethods1OverviewofAppliedIntelligenceMethods2MappinginGeneral318OverviewofAppliedIntelligence