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Lesson3EpidemicsExplainedModule7Unit211stperiodChengHuiyunObjectivesAttheendofthelesson,youareexpectedtobeableto:•identifythestructureofonetypeofdiscursiveessays.•usethestrategiesofsequencingtoputthetextbacktogether.•completethesentencesinEx.4inyourownwords.•voiceyourfeelingsaboutepidemics.arrangingeventsinorderWhichofthefollowingdiseasesisepidemicadj.?AIDS，cancer,flu,BirdFlu,Hand-feet-MouthDisease,heartdiseaseheadache,backache,toothache,stomachacheTB=Tuberculosis肺结核(P.38)2Workinpairs.Doyouthinkthesestatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)?1)Flukillsmillionsofpeopleeveryyear.2)Mostdiseasesareverynew.3)Epidemicshaveaffectedhistoricalevents.4)Ittakesyearsforadiseasetospreadworldwide.5)Epidemicscanwipeoutuptohalfofthepopulationinurbanareas.6)Morepeoplediedofafluepidemicin1918/1919thandiedinWorldWarI.kill,destroyinatownorcityUnfortunately,theyareallbloodytruth.•Deathsilentlyleaptfromhousetohouse,Tillhenearlylosthisprey(被掠食者).--FrancisMacnamaraBritish•Peopledroppeddeadlikeflies(苍蝇).Grief-strickenmothersmournedtheirsons’death,Tilltheirtearsrandry.DrGarcianomatterhowgoodmodernscienceis,afutureepidemicisinevitable.EpidemicsthroughouthistoryWhatdoesthewritertellusinthebackgroundintroduction?•WithrecentpressreportsdrawingparallelsbetweenBirdFlueandakillerepidemicinthepast,JimSmithlooksthroughthehistoryofepidemicsforcluesaboutwhatthefuturemighthold.•drawparallelsA.todrawthesign“=”B.toshowtwodifferentthingsaresimilarholdcluesforBirdFluBBirdFluissimilartoakillerepidemicinhistory.AscientistlooksthroughthehistoryofepidemicstofindcluesfortheBirdFlu.•Readthefirsttwoparagraphsandfindoutwhyscientistslookthroughthehistoryofepidemics.•Theywant________.A.tofindouthowepidemicshavehappenedB.topredictandpreventepidemicsinthefutureC.toseehowbacteriaandviruseshavebeenaffectedhumanlifeD.toseewhatthefutureoftheworldwillbelikeStatement:TheBirdFluisamodernadaptationoftheSpanishFlu.Problem:howtoforeseeandpreventit?Readthelastparagraphandseeiftheessaywriterpresentsasolution?Ifhedoes,whatisit?Yes,hedoes.CountrieswillneedtoworktogethertofindacureforBirdFluassoonaspossible.WehavetohavefaiththattherewillbesolutionsintimetostopabirdFluepidemicinitstracks.Howdoeshesupporthissolution?Byanalysingtheepidemicsinhistory.Thestructureofthisdiscursiveessay1.Statement:BirdFlu=SpanishFlu2.Problem:Howtoforeseeandpreventit3.Ananalysisoftheproblem4.Solution:jointeffort&faithPleaseputthetextbacktogether.Tips:•Followthetimeline.•Readthesentencesbeforeandafterthegaps.MatchthefiveparagraphsABCDEParagraph3Paragraph5Paragraph8Paragraph10Paragraph12•Whatarethehistoricalepidemicsstudied?•JustinianPlague,theBlackDeath,theSpanishFlu,theSARS•Readforthemissinginformationandfillouttheform.Putdownthekeywordsonly.EpidemicsTimePlaceCausesorEffectsBirdFluH5N11997—worldwide,JustinianPlague(贾斯廷瘟疫)Bubonicplague500-550ADNorthAfrica,theMiddleEast,EuropetheBlackDeath(Bubonicplague)鼠疫Asia,Europe,Africa,theMiddleEasttake﹥100lives50%,RomanEmpirewar,crowdedcities,lack,healthroutines50%belosttoempire,emperor,empresshabit•1348-•1350EpidemicsTimePlaceCausesorEffects1918similarastheBlackDeathSARSChina,Canada,Vietnam,SingaporeHongKong,---50million,18months,theyoungandfitnew,doctors,noprescription,9months,774,8,000tabletsTheGreatFluEpidemic(TheSpanishFlu)2002/2003•Completethesesentencesaboutthetextinyourownwords.(PairworkEx.4)•1.Weknowthatepidemicshavebeenwithusforthousandsofyearsbecause...BacteriaandviruseshavebeenaroundsincethebeginningoflifeonEarthandmanyoftoday’sdiseaseshaveexistedaslongashumanshave.Theearliestepidemicsonrecordhappenedaround500-550AD.•Whichisthereason?Why?Readaloudafterthetape•Possibleversion•…itwasrecordedthattheearliestepidemicsoccurredabout500-550ADsothatwearesurethatbacteriaandviruseshadexistedonearthlongbeforethat.Basedonthisknowledge,wecanspeculatethatepidemicshavebeenwithusforlong.Asamatteroffact,manyoftoday’sdiseasesareasoldashumans.500—550ADJustinianPlague—upto50%ofthepopulationwerekilled—thedownfalloftheRomanEmpireepidemic–consequences500—550ADJustinianPlague—50%killed—theRomanEmpire,NorthAfrica,theMiddleEast,Europe1930’s,theBlackDeath—50%lostto.Asia,Europe,Africa,theMiddleEast1918,SpanishFlu,50millionkilled18months,Asia,Europe,Africa,theMiddleEast2002—SARS–9months–8,000–774Asia,Europe,Africa,theMiddleEast1997—BirdFlu–morethan100lives,Asia,America–future?Aretheyconvincingenoughtosupportthesolution?•CountrieswillneedtoworktogethertofindacureforBirdFluassoonaspossible.•Withtheinternationaleffortbeingmade,wehavetohavefaiththattherewillbesolutionsintimetostopaBirdFluepidemicinitstracks.Latestbreakthrough！BirdfluvaccinesuccessfulScientistsattheUniversityofHongKong(HKU)andtheUShavedevelopedanexperimentalH5N1BirdFluvaccineforpeople.Initialtestsonmiceshowedthevaccinetobehighlyeffectiveandthespeedofantibodyresponsewashigh.Shareyourfeelingswithyourpartner1.Howdidyoufeelafterreadingthearticle?(Cansciencesolvealltheproblems?Howcanyoucontributetoit?or…)OuroathStopepidemicsintheirtracks.Thestructureofthisdiscursiveessay1.Statement:BirdFlu=SpanishFlu2.Problem:Howtoforeseeandpreventit3