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RelatedConception(相关概念)1.什么是名词？表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?TheboyisLiMing.Mr.Liang,a24-year-oldboy,teachesusEnglish.主语表语同位语宾语在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。什么是名词性从句?名词性从句主语从句(TheSubjectClause)宾语从句(TheObjectClause)表语从句(ThePredicativeClause)同位语从句(TheAppositiveClause)1.HesaidthathehadtoldMarythefact.2.Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.3.Iknowwhoheis.4.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherweadmitstudentsintoourclub.5.IamsorrythatIbrokeyourcup.ObjectClauses宾语从句一、宾语从句常见的类型：宾语从句动词的宾语从句介词的宾语从句形容词的宾语从句二、宾语从句的三种结构1.主句+that+从句2.主句+if/whether+从句3.主句+what等疑问词+从句1)Ihearthathewillbebackinamonth.2)EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened.3)IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.4)Wemadeitclearthatwewouldnotgivein.注意：1.and连接两个宾语,that引导的宾语从句放在and后时不能省略2.当that作介词except,in等的宾语时3.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时,例如：think,find,consider+it+that从句1.that引导的宾语从句1)Heanswered_______hewaslisteningtome.2)Idon’tknow______yousaid.3)Itoldhim______happenedtomelastnight.4)Idon’tknow______youaregoingtodo.5)Hetalkedaboutthebooks______attractedhim.6)Thatistheday______I'llneverforget.whatthatthat用that/what填空whatthatwhatIdon’tknowif/whetherheisfromJapan.Idoubtif/whetherhelivesinBeijing.1、DoesheliveinBeijing?Idoubt…2、IshefromJapan?Idon’tknow合并句子2.if/whether引导的宾语从句Idon'tknow_________ornotyou'llgo.Hedoesn'tknow_________tovisitthatoldmanagain.I'minterestedin_______he'llgoornot.______helivesthere,Iwanttoknow.Wediscuss_______weshouldclosethestore.whetherWhetherwhetherwhetherwhether▲后面有ornot▲后面跟不定式时▲宾从在介词后▲当宾语从句置于句首时▲在动词discuss之后1.Heasked_____couldanswerthequestion.2.Doyouknow_________we’llhaveameeting?3.Pleasetellme_________heis.4.Canyoutellme_____Icangettothestation?5.Couldyoutellme_____thetrainislate?3.what,who,where,how,why,when等引导的宾语从句whowhen/wherewhere/whohowwhy1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?Idon’tknowwhatdidhewanttobuy.Idon’tknowwhathewantedtobuy.三、宾语从句的语序主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）e.g.Isheastudent?Whoishe?Idon’tknow_____________whoheis.Whosesonishe?whosesonheis.Whatdoeshedointhestreet?whathedoesin….whyheisalone.Whyishealone?If/whetherheisastudent.What’swrong?What’sthematter?Whathashappened?Whoisintheclassroom?what,who在宾语从句中作主语时，语序不变：1)Alotofpeoplearegatheringthere,andIdon’tknow________.2)Canyoutellme________?若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。e.g.Idon’tthinkyouareright.我认为你是错的。否定的转移1)Iknowthathe______(live)here.2)Tomisupsetnow,andIamgoingtotellyouwhat____________(happen)tohim.四、宾语从句的时态1.主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。liveshashappened2.如果主句是过去的时态,宾语从句必须用过去的某一种时态e.g.1)Heaskedwhetherhisfather___________(come)backtomorrow.2)Hesaidthathe________(see)it.wouldcomehadseenHetoldmetheearth_______(move)aroundthesun.3.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，仍用一般现在时。moves•Theteachertoldmeshe____(be)bornin1960.•Iheardthathe____(go)toParislastnight.4.从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。wentwas1.Mikeinsistedthatwe_________________(be)lateforschool.2.Thedoctororderedthatshe_____________(stay)inbedforafewdays.(should)notbe(should)stay注意：注意：在下列动词接that从句中用“should+动原”一个“坚持”和“渴望”insist（坚持要）desire,两个“命令”command,order(命令）三个“建议”suggest,propose,advise四个“要求”request,ask,demand,require1.Theradiosaysit_______(be)cloudytomorrow.2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______(go)well.3.Iheardthey____________(return)italready.4.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)willbegoeshadreturnedrisespracticeFillintheproperformofthewordsgiven1)Doyouknowwherenow?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive2)Idon’tknow______hewillcometomorrow._______hecomes,IwilltellyouA.If；whetherB.whether;whetherC.if;ThatD.if;Ifpractice3）Hesaysthatifit______tomorrow,he_____fishing.A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgoC.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgo4）Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike5）Weplan,ifnothinggoeswrong，______wewillgooutthisweekend.A/BthatCifDwhether1.Ihear____________________(他参军了)2.Sheaskdme_________________________________.(我会不会接受她的道歉)3.Heasked_________________________________.（谁的书法是班上最好的）4.Weshouldbegratefulfor______________.(我们所拥有的）thathehasjoinedthearmy.if/whetherIwouldacceptherapologywhatwehave/getwhosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass1由从属连词that引导3由who,,whatwhere,how,why,when引导2由从属连词whether,if引导Summary:三、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）二、宾语从句的三种结构一、宾语从句常见的类型语序时态Predicativeclauses表语从句二.表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be,look,remain,seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外,常用的还有thereasonwhy…isthat…和Itisbecause…等结构。例如：1).Thequestioniswhetherwecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.2).Thisiswhywecan’tgetthesupportofthepeople.3).Butthefactremainsthatwearebehindtheotherclasses.4).Thereasonheislateforschoolisthathemissedthebus.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis______Idisagree.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand____theyinsistongoingonmotor-bike.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat_____Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.wherewhywhyHesaidthetextwasveryimportantandweshouldlearnitbyheart.2.Myworryisth