公开课 语法填空

--Emily语法填空Teachinggoals(教学目标):1、了解语法填空考查内容、形式及命题特点；2、熟悉语法填空在高考中的考点；3、正确运用归纳的解题技巧完成语法填空。Teachingimportantpoints（教学重点）:熟练掌握语法填空的无提示词与有提示词的考点。Teachingdifficultpoints（教学难点）:运用归纳的考点完成语法填空。1、语法填空主要考查哪方面的内容?2、语法填空命题特点是什么?①语法和词汇（考试重点）②上下文连贯性（语境）101.515101501？共10个小题每题1.5分满分15分须在10分钟内完成短文长度150词左右每格不一定1个词（不定式、谓语或非谓语动词形式）考查形式无提示词有提示词给出动词原形词性转换谓语动词，非谓语动词,词性转换名词，形容词，副词，数词，（单复数、所有格，比较级或最高级，基数、序数）介词，连词，代词，冠词，从句引导词，情态动词，强调助动词等观察总结•1)【2015全国卷1】I'dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver_64arepicturedbyartists...•2)【2015全国卷2】Theadobedwellings(土坯房)...areadmiredbyeven(42)________mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.•3)【2015全国卷2】Thiscycle(48)________(go)dayafterday.Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenight...•[总结]1.句子缺，一定是填代词或名词;•2.名词前面，若没有限定词（限定词：等），很可能是填限定词;•3.若句子缺谓语动词，就要考虑。which/thatthegoes主语冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词时态、语态和主谓一致基础检测（堂上检测）一、无提示词考点一：代词•例1Lastyear,mybrotherandIwenttoMiamiforavocation.Someofmyfriendswhohadbeentherebeforesaidwasawonderfulholidaydestination.(2014广东高考)•例2Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedof,andyetfinditimpossibletosayno?(2016上海高考)•例3Thekingdecidedtoseethepainterby.•[归纳]若句子缺主语，则要填；若动词或介词后面缺宾语，则填；若宾语与主语是同一人（或物），应用。代词宾格、指示代词、不定代词或it代词主格、指示代词、不定代词或it反身代词ityouhimself考点二：介词•例4…whoshouldhavethehonorofreceivingmeaguestintheirhouse.(2007广东高考)•例5ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhourawaycarandoffersallthesceneryofthebetterknowncity.（2015课标Ⅰ）•[归纳]句子不缺主语、表语，动词后不缺宾语的情况下，名词或代词前面，一定是填。asby介词考点三：限定词例6Itissaidthatshort-temperedmanintheSongDynastywasveryanxioustohelpricecropgrowupquickly.(2008广东高考)例7Mr.Johnsonlivedinthewoodswithhiswifeandchildren.Heownedfarm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.(2015广东高考)例8Tosayitisonething,buttodoitisthing.[归纳]弄清句子结构，设空处后为名词，且设空处为名词的定语，又无提示词，可确定设空处应填，包括。aaanother限定词冠词（a,an,the)、形容词性物主代词（如my,your等）或不定代词（other，another等）考点四：连词、情态动词例9Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,someofthemlookedveryanxiousanddisappointed.(2014课标全国Ⅱ)例10Hehadnotimeorenergytoplaywithhischildrenortalkwithhiswife,buthe______bringhomearegularsalary.例11Whatisacceptableinonecountry______beconsideredextremelyrudeinanother.[归纳]若两句（一个主谓关系算一句）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填。若结构完整，空格后的谓语动词是原型，且又与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很有可能是填或。anddidmay连词情态动词表示强调或倒装的助动词（do,does,did等）考点五：从句引导词•例12Maybeyouhaveahabitisdrivingyourfamilycrazy.(2014课标全国Ⅰ)例13Ididn’tunderstandthiswouldhappenandmycreditcardhadbeenchargedforthereservation.（2014广东高考）•[归纳]分析句子结构，先判断该句子是什么从句，若是定语从句，缺主语或宾语，则填，缺状语，则填；若是名词性从句缺主语或宾语，根据句子意思填适当的词，如：谁应填，哪一个/些应填，事物应填;若是状语从句，则根据该从句的特点并结合连接词的作用及意义确定具体的连接词。关系代词关系副词who/whomwhichwhatwhich/thatwhy考点六：特殊句式•例14Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstressdoesyouharm.(2016上海高考)•例15Gotothevillageandbuysomesalt,butpayafairpriceforit:neithertoomuchtoolittle.(2013广东高考)•[归纳]特殊句式包括。that强调句、倒装句、therebe句型、感叹句、祈使句、“notonly…butalso”结构、neither…nor”结构等nor无提示词试题的解题技巧。首先，分析句子结构，确定填哪类词。然后，再根据句子的意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。无提示词考查范围1.介词(in,on,at，to，behind,from，as作为…)2.冠词(a,an,the)3.代词/形容词性/名词性物主代词/反身代词I,me,my,mine,myselfyou,you,your,yours,yourself（yourselves）she,her,her,hers,herselfit…he/they/we…4.不定代词/指示代词other,others,else,nobody,none,anything,this,that,these,those,one,ones…5.从句引导词(宾从/主从/表从/同从/定从/状从/强调句)that,what,who,whom,whose,where,whether,which,why,when…6.连词and,or,but,yet,as,however,so,because，as当,随着。7.助动/情态动词/系do,mayshould…be,8.构成比较/最高级more,less,most,9.固定搭配、句型二、有提示词考点一：给出动词原形例1In1969,thepopulationwasterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It(be)unimaginablethatitcouldeverbecleanedup.(2014课标全国Ⅱ)例2InLogan,therepeople(take)toahospital,whileothersweretreatedatalocalclinic.[归纳]分析句子结构，确定句子是否缺少谓语。若缺少谓语，则要考虑动词的，，；还要注意一致。wasweretaken主谓时态语态人称考点二：非谓语动词。例3……_________(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwon’tmakeyoufeelashamed……例4____________(complete)theprojectasplanned,we’llhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.例5Hesawthestone,______(say)tohimself:“Thenightwillbeverydark.”例6Theheadmasterwentintothelab,________(follow)bytheforeignguests.例7Lessons_________(learn)insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople.SpeakingTocompletesayingfollowedlearning[归纳]若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。作主语或宾语时，通常用形式表示习惯或一般情况；用形式表示具体情况或将来；作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语，一般用形式。作伴随状语，原因状语，条件状语等，常用分词，与句中主语是主动关系使用；与句中主语是被动关系使用。分词做后置定语也要看它与被修饰词之间的关系确定形式。与所修饰的名词是主动关系使用，与所修饰的名词是被动关系使用。doingtodotodo现在分词过去分词现在分词过去分词考点三：词性转化例8Thatwouldbeavery(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,but……(2013广东高考)例9Theriverwassopollutedthatit(actual)caughtfireandburned.(2014课标全国Ⅰ)例10Butfortouristlikeme,pandasareitstop(attract).例11Yourmistakecausedalotof___________(necessary)workintheoffice.例12Thehigheryoustand,the(far)youwillsee.[归纳]作表语、定语或补语，通常用形式。在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用形式。修饰动词、形容词，或整个句子，作状语，用形式。有时不但要注意词性变化，而且还要考虑用表示意义的前缀或后缀，其逻辑意义才通顺。reasonableactuallyunnecessaryfartheradj.n.adv.否定或相反有提示词试题1.动词谓语：时态、语态，主动/被动非谓语:doing/done/todo2.名词（词性转换，单复数，名词所有格）3.形容词/副词（词性转换，反义词，比较/最高级）4数词（基数词，序数词）已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时(句中没有谓语)根据语义,确定词形分析句子,确定词性解题四步走提示：四步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据．每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据通读全文,理解大意总结提升检查搭配,前后连贯能力训练(当堂训练)•一、语法填空(2016课标全国Ⅱ)Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbacka