阅读理解中猜测词义题的做题技巧

阅读理解中猜测词义题的做题技巧57.Whatisabird’s“territory”?AaplacewherefamiliesofothersspeciesarenotacceptedBanareawherebirdsfightagainsteachotherCaplacewhereabirdmayshoutatthetopofitsvoiceDanareawhichabirdconsiderstobeitsownDoyouknowwhataterritoryis?Aterritoryisanareathatananimal,usuallythemale,claims（声称）asitsown.Onlyheandhisfamilyarewelcomethere.(2005NMET湖北)Onemorningafewyearsago,HarvardPresidentNeilRudenstineoverslept.Forthisbusyman,itwasasortofalarm:afteryearsofnon-stophardwork,hemightwearhimselfoutanddieanearlydeath.(2008NMET,湖北)73.The“alarm”inthefirstparagraphrefersto.AasignalofstressBawarningofdangerCasignofageDaspreadofdiseaseB通过定义、解释推测词义(3)wealsoknowthebugasaflawinacomputerprogramorotherdesign.ThatmeaningdatesbacktothetimeofThomasEdison.In1878heexplainedbugsas“littleproblemsanddifficulties”thatrequiredmonthsofstudyandlabortoovercomeindevelpingasuccessfulproduct.(2013辽宁)69.Whatdoestheword“flaw”probablymean?AexplantionBfindingCoriginDfault(4)Thisisthereasonwhythewordbelatedwasinvented.“Happybelatedbirthday!”isshortfor:“Well,IknowIforget,butthenIremembered.Forgivemeandhappybirthday.”(2014辽宁)27.Theunderlinedwordprobablymeans?ApredictedBreturnedCcancelledDdelayed(5)Infact,onlyabout80ocelots,anendangeredwildcat,existintheU.S.today．(2005NMET浙江)Capacitance,ortheabilitytostoreelectriccharge,isoneofthemostcommoncharacteristicsofelectroniccircuits.(6)Therewasagardenerwholookedafterhisgardenwithgreatcare.Towaterhisflowers,heusedtwobuckets.Onewasashinyandnewbucket.Theotherwasaveryoldanddilapidatedone,whichhadseenmanyyearsofservice,butwasnowpastitsbest.(2011NMET重庆)56Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dilapidated”probablymean?()AdirtyBdarkCworn-outDplain-lookingC(7)Forananswer,IcheckedwithTimFlannery,authorofTheWeatherMakers:HowManIsChangingtheClimateandWhatItMeansforLifeonEarth.Inhisbook,hehadchallengedreaderstomakedeepcutsinpersonalemissionstokeeptheworldfromreachingextremelyimportanttippingpoints,suchasthemeltingoftheicesheetsinGreenlandorWestAntarctica.“Tostaybelowthatpoint,weneedtoreduceCO2emissionsby80percent,”hesaid.(2009NMET福建)73.Theunderlinedwords“tippingpoints”mostprobablyreferto.AfreezingpointsBburningpointsCmeltingpointsDboilingpointsC通过下定义，解释的方式可以从以下方面多加注意:1.下定义常用谓语：be,mean,dealwith,beconsidered,tobe,becalled,define,represent,referto…2.注意分号、冒号、引号、括号、破折号等3.注意同位语及or,similarly,thatistosay,inotherwords,namely…4.运用定语从句解释5.举例说明，常用：suchas,forexample…二．通过上下文以及内在逻辑关系推测词义（8）Greenlovestotalk,andhisbrothersaresimilarlyloquacious.(9)Somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather’sname.English-speakingpeopleadded–sor–son.TheJohnsonsaredescendantsofJohn;theRobertsfamily’sancestorwasRobert.IrishandScottishpeopleaddedMacorMcorO.PerhapsalltheMacDonnellsandtheMcDonnellsandthO’DonnellsaredescendantsofthesameDonnell.(2010NMET,江苏)59.Theunderlinedwordmeansaperson’sAlatergenerationsBfriendsandrelativesCcolleaguesDlatersponsors多话的，健谈的（10）Tomisconsideredanautocraticadministratorbecausehemakesdecisionswithoutseekingtheopinionsofothers.（11）Bookingtwomonthsinadvance,thecheapestroomatTravelodge’sCentralEustonhotelinLondonforSaturday22Septemberwas￡95.95.AroomjustatubejourneyawayatitsCoventGardenhotlewas￡75.75.AndatFarringdon,adoubleroomcostjust￡62.9557.Farringdonismostprobably.AahotelawayfromthetrainstationBthetubelinetoCoventGardenCanidealholidaydestinationDthenameofatravelagencyA独断专行的（12）WhenIfirstgotane-mailaccounttenyearsago,Ireceivedcommunicationonlyfromfamily,friends,andcolleagues.NowitseemsthateverytimeIcheckmye-mail,Ihaveanendlessseriesofadvertisementsandothercorrespondencethatdonotinterestmeatall.(2010NMET,陕西)57.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordprobablymean?AmessagesBideasCconnectionsDprograms（13）…Inoticedanemptychairnexttoanelderly,unshavenman,wholookedsomewhatdisheveled.Hewaswearingaworn-outhatandwasalone.IaskedifImightjoinhim.(2010NMET,重庆)56.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?AunfriendlyBuntidyCgentleDkind三．通过构词法推测词义(14)Doyouhaveanystrongopiniononco-educationalorsingle-sexschools?(05江西)根据词根educational（教育的），结合前缀co-（共同，一起），我们便可以猜出co-educational的意思是：“男女同校教育的”意思。(15)It'saquiet,comfortablehoteloverlooking(俯瞰)thebayinanuncommercializedCornishfishingvillageonEngland'smostsoutherlypoint．(05广东)后缀-ise/ize意思是“使成为…；使…化”，结合词根commercial（商业的），不难猜出uncommercialized的意思是：“未被商业化的”。(16)ButwhatIexpectisforyoutothinkindependentlyandintroducenewideas.Ineedmoreinputfromyou—morefeedbackonhowthingsaregoing.初看起来，independently，input和feedback非常生疏，但利用构词法知识不难猜测它们的词义。in-dependently是depend加后缀-ent，加前缀in-，再加后缀-ly而成的，那就是“独立地”。input=in（进入）+put（放）,故input的意思为“输入”。feedback=feed（输入）+back（回）,由此可知feedback意为“反馈，反应”。四．活学活用1．Myfatherhadneverreadthestorybefore,butitsoundedlikeO.Henry,andheknewthatO.HenryhadoncelivedinHouston.SoitwaspossiblethatthefamousauthorhadgonetothebeachandstayedintheGalvestonboardinghouse,andhadwrittenthestorythereandleftthemanuscriptbehindbyaccident.MyfathervisitedanO.HenryexpertatColumbiaUniversityinNewYork,whoauthenticatedthestoryasO.Henry’s.(2014陕西)51.Theunderlinedwordprobablymeans.AnamedBtreatedCprovedDdescribedC2.Forherfirstgarden,Ms.Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfive