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-1-形容词的比较级和最高级的构成和用法一．形容词的含义说明人或事物的特征、性质或状态，常用来修饰名词或不定代词Ahappygirlaninterestingbookthefriendlypeoper那么现在有两个女孩说明谁比谁更高兴，谁比谁更有趣的时候我们就用形容词的比较级，那么三个或三个以上呢，我们使用的就是形容词的最高级。我们首先来看一下形容词的比较级和最高级是如何变化的二.形容词、副词的变化规则①一般在词尾直接加er或esteg:tall→taller→-tallest，long→longer→longest②以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,在词尾直接加r或steg:nice→nicer→nicest③以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或esteg:heavy→heavier→heaviest④.重读闭音节1.后三个字母是辅+元+辅音，双写末尾辅音字母,再加er或est。2.最后音节重读eg:big→bigger→-biggest(fat,hot,wet,thin)⑤.多音节词和部分双音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级eg:slowly→moreslowly→mostslowly；beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautiful你现在能写出下面形容词的比较级和最高级了吗？hot_________________friendly____________________busy____________________strong______________large________________comfortable_____________________总结归纳：比较级是____者进行比较；最高级是________________进行比较；最高级前一般有______，后面可能会出现in/of的短语。-2-注：几个特殊的形容词和副词的变化三．比较级的基本用法及常用句型结构（1）含义：两个人或事物之间的比较（2）标志词：than（比）（3）用法及考点：★★①可以修饰比较级的副词：much（…得多）alittle(一点儿)alot（…得多）abit(一点儿)far（…得多）even(甚至)still(仍然)rather(更)eg:LessonOneismucheasierthanLessonTwo.Tomlooksalittleyoungerthanbefore.Shedrivesstillmorecarefullythanherhusband.②比较级常用的句型结构★考点1.“A+比较级+than+B”表示:“A比B…”eg:TomistallerthanKate.Igetupearlierthanmymothereverymorning.原级比较级最高级good,wellbetterbestmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastbad/badly/illworseworstoldolderelderoldesteldestfarfarther表距离further表程度farthestfurthest-3-★考点2.“A+比较级+than+anyother+单数名词”，表示：“A比其他任何一个都……”，（含义是:同一范围内比较，甲最……”。）eg:TheYangtzeRiverislongerthananyotherriverinChina.=TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.★考点3.““比较级+and+比较级”,表示:“越来越……”。eg:Heisgettingtallerandtaller.他变得越来越高了。Theflowersaremoreandmorebeautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。Hedoeshishomeworkmoreandmorecarefully.他做作业越来越认真了。【注：多音节形容词或副词表示“越来越…”用：moreandmore+adj/adv原级】★考点4.““the+比较级，the+比较级”,表示:“越……，越……”。eg:Themorecarefulyouare，thefewermistakesyou’llmake.你越认真，犯的错误越少。★考点5.““特殊疑问词+比较级，AorB？”eg:Whichisbigger，theearthorthemoon？哪一个大，地球还是月球？Whodrawsbetter，JennyorDanny？谁画得比较好，詹妮还是丹尼？四．最高级的基本用法及常用句型结构（1）用法：三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较。①in+短语（在…之中）（2）标志词：②of+短语（在…当中）考点①.主语+the+最高级+in/of短语”表示:“……是……中最……的”。eg:Tomisthetallestinhisclass./ofallthestudents.汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。Thisappleisthebiggestofthefive.这个苹果是五个当中最大的。Ijump(the)farthestinmyclass.我是我们班跳得最远的。【注：形容词的最高级前通常加定冠词the,副词的最高级前定冠词the通常可以省略】考点②“主语+be+oneofthe+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示：“…是…中最…之一”。eg:BeijingisoneofthelargestcitiesinChina.北京是中国最大城市之一。-4-考点③.“特殊疑问词+the+最高级+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者及以上的比较。eg:Whichcountryisthelargest，China，BrazilorCanada？Whichseasondoyoulike(the)best，spring，summerorautumn？五．形容词、副词的原级比较（1）用法：两者就同一事物进行比较。肯定句：as+形容词原形+as表示：与......一样（2）句型结构否定句：notso/as+形容词原形as表示：......不如......eg:Sheisastallashersister.（她和她姐姐一样高。）Herunsnotso/asfastashisclassmates.（他跑得不如他的同学们快。）课堂练习(一)写出下列形容词的比较级与最高级形式：long___________wide_____________fat_________heavy__________slow_____________few_________bad____________far___________happy___________(二)选择填空：1.Shelooks_____thanshedoes.A.themoreolderB.veryolderC.mucholderD.moreolder2.Thelineis____thanthatone.A.morelongerB.notlongerC.muchmorelongerD.manymorelonger3.Thegardenisbecoming______.A.morebeautifulandmoreB.morebeautifulandbeautifulC.moreandmorebeautifulD.morebeautifulandbeautifuler4.Asthe2010AsianGamesgetcloser,Guangzhouisbecomingthanever.（2009）A.beautifulB.mostbeautifulC.morebeautifulD.almostbeautiful-5-5.Whydon'tyoulikewinterinBeijing?——Becauseitis__________winterinGuangzhou.A.ascoldasB.muchcolderthanC.notsocoldasD.notcolderthan6.Theactressisalready50,butshelooks_________thanshereallyis.A.youngB.moreyoungC.moreyoungerD.muchyounger(三)用所给词的正确形式填空：1.Gold(黄金)is______(little)usefulthaniron(铁).2.Mysisteristwoyears_______(old)thanI.3.John’sparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe_____(young)child.4.Shewillbemuch______(happy)inhernewhouse.5.Dicksings_____(well),shesings______(well)thanJohn,butMarysings______(well)inherclass.(四)翻译句子：1.这本书跟那本书一样有趣。Thisbookis_______________thatone.2.你游泳没有你弟弟好。Youcan’tswim_______________yourbrother.3.今天比昨天冷的多。Itis___________today______itwasyesterday.4.她的身体状况一天天好起来。Heisgetting_________________everyday.5.他对英语越来越感兴趣。Heisbecoming_____________________________English.-6-家庭作业一、写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：1.nice______________________2.hot______________________3.dry____________________4.much_____________________5.little_____________________6.bad____________________7.early______________________8.careful_________________9.exciting___________________二、根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：1.Bobis_________(young)thanFredbut___________(tall)thanFred.2.Yingtianisnotas___________(tall)asYongxian.3.Whichis_________(heavy),ahenorachicken?4.Heis______(bad)inmaths.Heismuch_______(bad)inChineseandheisthe_________(bad)inEnglish.5.AnniesaysSallyisthe________(kind)personintheworld.6.Heisoneofthe_________(clever)studentintheclass,Ithink.7.Adictionaryismuch(expensive)thanastory-book.8.Thingsaregetting_______and_______.(bad)9.Thehigheryouclimb,the_______itwillbe.(cold)10.Nowhislifeisbecoming________and_______.(difficult)11.Thereare_______boysthangirlsinourclass.(few)