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一、冠词的用法1.不定冠词的用法（1）表示“一”的概念Romewasnotbuiltinaday(2)泛指某一个人或某一事物Katewasborninasmalltown(3)表示某种身份，职业，地位，国籍TomisafirefighterMyliteratureteacherisaCanadian(4)表示同类中的任何一个=anyAchildnotonlyneedsfoodandclothing,butloveaswell(5)表示单位量词的每Thespeedofcarsinthatcityislimitedto50kilosanhourInordertoshapemyself,IattendYogaclasstwiceaweek注：每月两次可有如下表达twiceamonthtwiceeachmonthtwiceeverymonthtwicepermonth但不可说twiceonemonth(6)表示相同，同一Thetwoflowerslookdifferent,buttheyareofakindThetwostockingsareofasize,butofdifferentcolors(7)用于同源宾语中IwasdreamingaterribledreamwhenallofasuddenIwaswokenupThegirlsmilesanattractivesmileWearenowlivingahappyandpeacefullifeThepolicemandiedagloriousdeathforthebenefitofthepeople(8)用于不可数名词前alonghistoryacollegeeducationagoodknowledge(9)不定冠词构成的固定短语onceinawhile偶尔asamatteroffact事实上foratime暂时atahighspeed高速的*doagooddeed做好事dosbafavour帮某人忙makeaface做鬼脸makeanapology道歉haveagiftfor对~有天赋keepaneyeon照看givesbahand给某人帮助二、定冠词的用法（1）表示特定的人或事物Didyouattendthewedding?(2)与单数名词连用，表示具有某种特点的某类人或事物TheresponsibleteachershouldbeencouragingandmotivatingThecomputerrevolutionedofficework(3)有某些表示国籍的形容词连用，泛指这个国家的全体成员MostoftheBritisharesomerwhatconservative(4)与自然界独一无二的事物连用thesuntheearththemoontheequatorthesolarsystemtheNorthPolethetropics热带（5）与日常生活中大家都熟悉的事物连用thetrafficthewatersupplythepostoffice(6)与某些专有名词连用，如表示江河，海洋，山脉，群岛，国家，地区，组织，机构，学校，建筑物，报纸，杂志等theYellowRivertheMediterraneanSea地中海theDeadSeathePacificOceantheIndianOcean印度洋theAtlanticOcean大西洋theArcticOcean北冰洋theCaribbeanSea加勒比海theEnglishChannel英吉利海峡theStraitofGibraltar直布罗陀海峡theGulfofMexico墨西哥湾theRockyMountains落基山脉theAlps阿尔卑斯山脉theFarEast远东theHouseofCommons众议院theConservativeParty保守党theUniversityofCambridge剑桥大学theUniversityofWashington华盛顿大学theNewYorkTimes纽约时报theTimes泰晤士报theThreeGorges三峡theMilkyWay银河theSilkRoad丝绸之路（7）用于姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇俩。TheGreenssparednoeffortsontheirdaughter’sweddingreceptionTheSmithsmovedtoMontrealyearsagoandhavelivedthereeversince.（8）用于逢十的数词前，表示世纪的某个年代HewasborninBeijinginthe1990’sThewarbrokeoutinthesixties.(9)用于某些表示方向，方位，时间，方式等的固定短语中atthecorneratthemarketattheageofatthebeginningofattheendatthebottomofattheverystartontheaironthewholefromthebehindtothefull(10)用于形容词的比较级和最高级（11）用于序数词或其他表示顺序的词前注：序数词前也可用不定冠词，但不表示顺序意义，而是表示“再一，又一”之意Tryasecondtimeandyouwillsucceed。（12）用于themorethemoreThesooner,thebetter(13)用于名词化的形容词或分词前theelderly老年人（14）用于固定结构“动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位”这类动词：takecatchholdseizepullhitcutstrikepatlead这类介词：inonby例：hitsbinthefacepatsbontheshouldercatch/seize/takesbbythearmleadsbbythehand(15)与fewlittlemanyothermajorityminority等连用表示特定的数量WehavealreadydonethelittlethatwecanThemanyareworkinghardforthefewWeareintheminority,morepeopleareagainstusthanwithus(16)常用定冠词的固定短语allthebestallthesameundertheleadershipofovertheradio通过无线电二、不用冠词的情况1.物质名词表示泛指时PlasticishardtobreakupWateriscomposedoftwoatomsofhydrogenandoneatomofoxygen2.抽象名词前Musicisauniversallanguagewhichcanbringpeoplepleasure3.表示地名，人名，国名和词首为mount的山及大多数湖泊的专有名词前KawabataisafamousJapanesewriterwhowontheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein1968MountTaiishardtoclimb4.在dawn,daybreak,dusk,sunrise,noon,midday,sunset,midnight等词前，用介词at5.表示三餐，球类运动，学科，语言的名词前注：当表示语言的词语后面加上language一词时，其前需要加定冠词the6.表示独一无二的职位，头衔的名词在句中作表语，补足语，同位语时Hunterhasbeenheadofthehistorydepartmentfor10yearsMrWhitewaselectedpresidentofthecompany注：这类名词在表示具体的人时，其前需用冠词ThepresidentisvisitingChile7.as/though引导的让步状语从句中被前置的作表语的名词前作表语的名词放在句首，名词前不用冠词Girlas/thoughsheis,MaryhasmanagedtoswimacrosstheriverExpansivebookasitis,Ihavemadeupmymindtobuyit8.由and连接，表示由两部分或两种身份组成的一个事物或人，第二个名词前不用冠词；但如果是表示两种事物或两个人，则两个名词前都要加冠词ablackandwhitecataworkerandwriterablackandawhitecataworkerandawriter9.系动词turn后作表语的名词前不用冠词，但有形容词修饰时通常要加冠词Upongraduation,mycousinturnedclerkinabankShewantedtobeadoctor,butlatersheturnedafamoussinger10.单数名词固定用法dayandnight日日夜夜dayafterday日复一日daybyday一天天地facetoface面对面地handinhand手拉手heartandsoul全心全意shouldertoshoulder肩并肩fromtimetotime时不时地11.与时间，地点，方式或状态等有关的一些短语中atChristmasatdawn在拂晓时inaction在行动中inaddition另外ingoodcondition情况良好ingoodorder有条不紊forsale代售onboard到船上，飞机上withease轻而易举地insilence沉默地bymistake错误inadvance预先12.有些动词短语中习惯上不用冠词comebacktolife苏醒cometopower掌权dowrongto冤枉keep….inmind牢记loseweight减肥loseheart失去信心三、冠词的省略1.两个并列名词前都有冠词时，第二个名词前的冠词常可省略Boththerichand(the)poorarelivingaharmoniouslife2.某些对称结构中常省略冠词from(the)eastto(the）westfrom(the)beginningto(the)end3.月日表达中的冠词可以省略January(the)first4.在某些动词短语中，序数词前的冠词常省略take(the)firstplacecomeout(the)first四、冠词的位置1.as/so/too….结构的冠词IhaveneverspentasdelightfulatimeasthisSundayJenniferisnotsosmartagirlasIthoughtKevinisonlytoowillingaboytohelpthoseintrouble*2.若修饰名词的形容词受too,so,as,how,however等副词的修饰，则通常将不定冠词置于形容词与名词之前：*Sheisascleveracookashermother.她跟妈妈一样做饭。*Itistoodifficultabookforbeginners.那本书供初学者看太难了。*It'ssointerestingafilmthatwealllikeit.那部电影很有趣，我们大家都喜欢看。*Hedidn'tknowhowgreatamistakehehadmade.他不知道他自己犯了一个好大的错误。*3.与both,all,half,twice等连用时，冠词通常应置于其后：*Iknowboththebrothers.两兄弟我都认识。*Allthechildrenhavegonehome.所有的孩子都回家了。*Halftheworkersarewomen.一半工人是妇女。*Helefthalfanhourago.他是半小时前离开的。*Yoursistwicethesizeofmine.你的是我的两倍大。*4.rather,quite修饰的名词短语中的冠词*在有rather，quite修饰的名词短语中，冠词位于rather，quite之后*Helivesinra