[英语学习]高中语法之定语从句

Attribute2.Heisaboyfullofwisdom.3.HeistheboywhowantstogotoBeijingUniversity.1.Heisacleverboy.Positionsof•AttributiveClauseSheisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs.定语从句先行词关系词关系代词:who﹑whom﹑that﹑which﹑whose关系副词:where﹑when﹑why关系词1)Doyouknowtheman______isstandingoverthere?who/that(that/who/whom)(that/which)that/whichFillintheblanks2)Thegirl________weweretalkingaboutisJoan.3)Thebook_______isabouttheUSAhasbeenlost.4)Didyouseethepen_______Ilostyesterday?Iknowthedoctor.Hisdaughterstudiesabroad.Iknowthedoctorwhosedaughterstudiesabroad.Haveyouseenmybook?Thebook’scoverisred.Haveyouseenmybookwhosecoverisred.Jointhepairsofsentences(人)Whose+n=the+n+ofwhom=ofwhom+the+n(物)Whose+n=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+nwhose可以指代人或者物Thehouse_____roofisbrownismine.whoseTherearemanystudentsinourclass_____homesareinthecountryside.theroofofwhich/ofwhichtheroofwhosethehomesofwhom/ofwhomthehomes“介词+关系词”的定语从句:Situation1Theman____________youspokewasascientist.Thecity_________shelivesisfaraway.tointhat/who/whomthat/whichThemantothat/who/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecityinthat/whichshelivesisfaraway.××Situation2×Canyouworkthemout????????1A)I’llneverforgettheday_____whichshesaidgood-byetome.B)Whocangivemethereason__whichhehasn’tturnedupyet?foron2A)Thefarm__whichweworkedtenyearsagoisn’twhatitusedtobe.B)Thisisthetree____whichheweusedtoplaygames.onunderwhenwhywherewhereTips关系副词(usedasadverbial)when,where,why=prep.+whiche.gwhen=in/on/at/during…+which,where=in/on/at/under…+which,why=for+which.☆Doyoustillrememberthedays_________therewasnoelectricity?☆Doyoustillrememberthedays____________wespenttogether?when(which/that)☆Theplace________LuXunonceworkedhasbecomeamuseum.☆Theplace_____________IvisitedlastweekisinHongKong.where(which/that)Canyouworkthemout????????先行词人从句中做主语who/that宾语(who/whom/that)先行词物从句中做主语which/that宾语(which/that)先行词人/物，在从句中做定语时时间地点先行词在从句中做whenwherewhy关系词的用法原因状语时whoseThemanintheblackcoat,that/whousedtobeourheadmaster,hasjustcomebackfromItaly.Ayoungman,(that/who/whom)Ididn’tknow,askedmetogiveyouthemessage.Thebook,thatheboughtyesterday,ispopularwithus.非限定性定语从句××××whichI’llneverforgetthedaywhenwefirstmeteachother.Hismotherdoesmorningexerciseseveryday,whichisgoodforherhealth.限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的区别HisbrotherwhoworksinthehospitaliscalledTom.Hisbrother,whoworksinthehospital,iscalledTom.Correctthesentences:1.I’musingthepenwhichheboughtityesterday.3.ThemantowhoIspokeisfromCanada.4.September11,2001isthedaywhenwe’llneverforget.whom____5.IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIspentwithyou.6.I’mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.(that/which)(that/which)that/whichChoosethebestanswers.1.Doyouknowthestudent_____?A.WhomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalkC.IoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk2.RecentlyIboughtavase,____wasveryreasonable.A.whichpriceB.whosepriceC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose3.Thatisthereason___________hewasn’thereyesterday.A.whyB.thatC.whatD.inwhich4.Icanneverforgettheday________weworkedtogetherandtheday___________wespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when5.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyears,hereturnedtothesmalltown____hegrewupasachild.A.WhichB.whereC.thatD.when6.MountBlanc,____wevisitedlastsummer,isthehighestmountaininEurope.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.towhich1）先行词是不定代词,如all,little,few,much,anything,everything,nothing,none,theone,some等。Isthereanythingthatyouwant?ThisisallthatIcandoforyou.只用that,不用which的情况：2）先行词被all,every,no,some,little,few,much,oneof,theonly,thevery,theright,等所修饰时。Theonlythingthatherememberedwashername.Isittheone(that)youwant?3）先行词前被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。ThisisthefirstfilmthatI’veseensinceIcamehere.4）先行词中既有人又有物时。Theytalkedabouttheteachersandthethings（that）theyrememberedintheschool.5）在以疑问词who或which开头的句子中Whoisthemanthatisshoutingthere?Whichisthebookthatyouwanttobuy?定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that的情况。１、当关系代词前面有介词时。IsthistheroominwhichMr.Whitelives?２、在非限制性定语从句中。John'sdog,whichwasnowveryold,becameillanddied.３、在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个从句的关系代词用了that，另一个宜用which。LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrarywhichwasnewlyopentous.6.先行词是人时只宜用who不宜用that的情况：1）当先行词是one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those等,指人时一般用who，不用that.Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.Thosewhowanttogotothecinemawillhavetowaitatthegateoftheschool.2）在therebe开头的句子中Thereisacomradewhowantstoseeyou.3)在非限制性定语从句中Onthesecondfloor,therelivedayoungman,whowasaartist.as引导的限制性定语从句Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.asthatPleasecompletethefollowingsentencesandcompare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)Thisisthesamepen____Ilostasthesame…as…，such….as…,so…as…中as引导的是限制性定语从句补充：as与which引导的非限制性定语从句：1.As（正如，就像），引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首、句中、句末。which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在句末。Asweallknow,theearthisround.Asisknowntoall,thesunrisesintheeast.2.从句与主句语义一致时常用as,反之用which。Shehasmarriedagain,aswasexpected.Shehasmarriedagain,whichwasunexpected.3.as在从句中做主语时，常接行为动词的被动语态,如：asisknown/said/reported…,如果从句中行为动词是主动，一般用which.Shehasbeenlateagain,aswasexpected.Tomhasmadegreatprogress,whichmadeushappy.•补充：•关系副词w