中图分类号TP273.3论文编号102870510-0246学科分类号080202密级公开硕士学位论文基于FMS的自动导引车控制器设计与实现研究生姓名孙晓艳学科、专业机械电子工程研究方向机电一体化指导教师云乃彰副教授南京航空航天大学研究生院机电学院二О一О年八月NanjingUniversityofAeronauticsandAstronauticsTheGraduateSchoolCollegeofMechanicalandElectricalEngineeringDesignandRealizationofControlleronAutoGuidedVehicleinFMSAThesisinMechanicalEngineeringbySunXiaoyanAdvisedbyProfessorYunNaizhangSubmittedinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementsfortheDegreeofMasterofEngineeringAugust,2010承诺书本人郑重声明:所呈交的学位论文,是本人在导师指导下,独立进行研究工作所取得的成果。尽我所知,除文中已经注明引用的内容外,本学位论文的研究成果不包含任何他人享有著作权的内容。对本论文所涉及的研究工作做出贡献的其他个人和集体,均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人授权南京航空航天大学可以有权保留送交论文的复印件,允许论文被查阅和借阅,可以将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索,可以采用影印、缩印或其他复制手段保存论文。(保密的学位论文在解密后适用本承诺书)作者签名:日期:南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文i摘要自动导引车,是一种装备有独立动力源、有自动导向系统,不需要人工引航就能沿预定路线行驶,并且配置有物料装卸机构,可以与其他物流设备自动接口,实现物料装卸和搬运全过程自动化的物料输送设备。在FMS中为实现生产线的完全自动化和最终实现工厂无人化,自动导引车作为物料输送工具得到迅速发展和推广应用。本文研究的自动导引车是为实现柔性制造系统中立体仓库堆垛存储的要求而开发,在充分分析自动导引车国内外发展现状和特点的基础上,充分考虑系统的通用性和经济性,确定了自动导引车的车体结构、驱动导向系统、动力系统、安全系统、控制、通讯系统等关键技术,为进一步提高自动导引车的运行速度、停车定位精度等技术指标奠定基础。该自动导引车控制系统可以通过车载计算机,利用无线网卡,并借助无线接入点AP与有源接线器HUB,通过微机控制,实现系统内局域网有线、无线的无缝集成;并配备完善的控制软件,方便的操作界面,能够根据实际情况灵活、方便地控制操作对象,对自动导引车移载机构的驱动,在原来设计的基础上,利用单片机控制步进电机,并进行了系统的软硬件电路的设计、仿真和调试。关键词:自动导引车,循迹,电机驱动,远程控制基于FMS的自动导引车控制器设计与实现iiABSTRACTAutoGuidedVehicleisakindofmaterialconveyingequipmentwithindependentpowersource,materialload-unloadmechanismandautoguidedsystem,whichcanmovealongprojectedroute,getautointerfacewithothermaterialconveyingequipmentandrealizeautomaticprocessingduringwholeprocessbetweenmaterialloadandunload.InordertoachievefullyautomationandunmannedfactoryduringproductionlineinFMS,AGVcanenhancetheautomaticlevalofindustrialprocessimmenselyandmakeitsapplicationfieldandtechnologylevelimprovveryquickly.Inthisthesis,BaseonanalysisandstudythecurrentstatusandcharacteristicofAGVindomesticandoverseas,inordertoimplementtherequirmentforstackingandstoringofsolidstorageinFMS,thecommonalityandeconomyhasbeenconsideredsufficiently,severalkeytechnologysuchascontructuredesignofvehiclebody,drivingdeviceforveer,control&communicationsystemhasbeenconfirmed,whichlaysthefoundationfortechnologyspecificationfurthersuchasimprovingtherunningspeedandlocationaccuracy.Withvehiclecomputerandwirelessnetcard,usingwirelessaccesspointandactiveconnector,thedevelopedAGVsystemcanintegratethewholecontrolsystemwiththehelpofcomputer.Thesoftwareisdeployedwellinthesystem,theoperatedobjectcanbecontrolledconvenientlyaccordingtotheactualsituationwithamicableOperatorInterfaces.Basedonformerdesign,thevehicle_mountedmechanismhasbeenresignedtoacievethedrivecongtrolofsteppedmotorbyusingsinglechip,andthesystemhardwareandsoftwarehasbeenredesigned,simunatedandadjustedaswell..Keywords:AutoGuidedVehicle,electromagnetismtracking,motordrive,remotecontrol南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文iii目录第一章绪论........................................................................11.1引言.......................................................................11.2自动导引车在国内外的技术发展及应用..........................................11.3自动导引车的导引方式........................................................41.4本课题的研究背景及意义......................................................61.5本课题的研究任务............................................................81.6本章小结...................................................................9第二章自动导引车的设计方案........................................................102.1自动导引车系统原理.........................................................102.2自动导引车软件设计方案.....................................................122.3本章小结..................................................................13第三章自动导引车控制器硬件设计与开发..............................................143.1引言......................................................................143.2控制器相关硬件设计与开发...................................................153.2.1自动导引车行走模块....................................................153.2.2循迹模块设计..........................................................203.2.3电源模块..............................................................233.2.4插槽板模块............................................................243.2.5安全保护模块..........................................................263.2.6移载模块..............................................................273.3本章小结..................................................................38第四章自动导引车软件设计与实现....................................................394.1自动导引车软件运行和开发平台...............................................394.1.1硬件配置..............................................................404.1.2软件配置..............................................................404.2自动导引车功能模块描述.....................................................404.3自动导引车功能模块的程序实现...............................................414.4自动导引车控制软件使用说明.................................................474.5本章小结..................................................................48第五章自动导引车试验结果与分析....................................................49基于FMS的自动导引车控制器设计与实现iv5.1试验结果与分析.............................................................495.2本章小结.....................