中枢神经系统-端脑

TelencephalonXiaohuaDengDepartmentofAnatomyandNeurobiologyXiangyaSchoolofMedicine,CSUⅠ.TheexternalfeaturesofthetelencephalonⅡ.Theinternalstructuresofthetelencephalon1.CerebralCortex2.Thebasalnuclei3.MedullarycenterIII.LimbicsystemⅠ.TheexternalfeaturesofthetelencephalonCerebrallongitudinalfissureCerebraltransversefissureLateralsulcusCentralsulcusParietoocipitalsulcusFrontallobeTemporallobeOccipitallobeParietallobeinsula岛叶insulaPrecentralgyrusPostcentralgyrusSuperiorfrontalgyrusMiddlefrontalgyrusInferiorfrontalgyrusSupramarginalgyrusAngulargyrusTransversetemporalgyrusParacentrallobuleⅡ.Theinternalstructuresofthetelencephalonmedularycenterlateralventriclesbasalganglioncortexarchicortex96％cortexhippocampus,dentateolfactorybrainpaleocortexneocortexA.Histology:6layers1.CerebralCortexhippocampusdentategyrusB.Brodman’sMapThicknessoflayers,neuronalmorphology,fiberlamination+Clinicopathologicstudies&Animalexperiments52AreasWritingarea（8）Auditoryspeecharea（22）Visualspeecharea（39）Thelanguagearea4646312174142Primarysomaticmotorarea(4、6)Primarysomaticsensoryarea(3、1、2)Auditoryarea（41、42）Visualarea(17)Motorspeecharea(44,45）Wernicke区Brocaarea*C.Functionallocalization444582239•Decussation(contralateralcontrol)•Inversion（headisupward）•Thesizeofthecorticalareaisdeterminedby:motionfinenesssensesensitivityD.Functionalcolumn与脑表面垂直的柱状结构形态学上无胶质分隔对同样性质的刺激产生相同的反应执行不同机能组成不同的柱状结构大脑皮质的机能单位*2.ThebasalnucleicaudateamygdaloidbodylentiformheadbodytailputamenglobuspallidusclaustrumglobuspallidussubstantianigraParkinson’sdiseaseHuntingtondiseaseneostriatumpaleostriatumLentiformN.+caudateN.putamentonicityvoluntarymotionMaskfacetendonreflexlesiondopaminefunctions调节、控制随意运动的皮层下高级中枢。*corpusstriatumchorea_}3.MedullarycenterA.CommissuralF.CorpuscallosumAnteriorcommissureCommissureoffonixB.AssociationF.Arcuatefibers,Superiorlongitudinalfasciculus,Inferiorlongitudinalfasciculus,Uncinatefasciculus,Cingulumanteriorlimbgenuposteriorlimb*C.TheprojectionF.Theinternalcapsulei.Locationii.Partsiii.ThetractsthroughtheinternalcapsuleGenuAnteriorlimbPosteriorlimbCorticospinalTAuditoryradiationVisualradiationCorticonuclearTCentralthalamusR.FrontopontineTAnteriorthalamicRventriclesthalamusRelationshipscaudateinternalcapsulecoronaradiatacerebralpeduncleLentiformnu.Putamen+Globuspallidusiv.ClinicalCorrelationVoluntarymotorparalysisImpairmentofgeneralsensationBlindnessintheoppositevisualfield4.LimbicSystemA.Structures:CortexCingulategyrusParahippocampusgyrusHippocampalformationSubcorticalformationAmygdaloidcomplexSeptalareaHypothalamusAnt.NucleusofThalamusetcB.FunctionsLearningandmemory,Emotion,Visceralcontrol,SpeciesgenerationThanks!