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Grammar:theNonfiniteverbs1.TheInfinitive2.TheV-ing3.ThePastParticipleDoinghomeworkisamust.Ienjoywritingletters.Seeingisbelieving.Theboystandingthereismybrother.thefunctionoftheunderlinedwords:subjectobjectPredicativeAttributeSOPAHearingthenoise,werushedoutoftheroom.AdvAdverbialO.c.ObjectcomplementsubjectobjectSubject,predicativeAttributeAdverbialObjectcomplementIheardtheboycrying.Admit,avoid,consider,delay,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,mind,miss,practise,suggest,understand,feellike,giveup,can’thelp,lookforwardtoIcan’thelpcrying.Ilookforwardtoseeingmyfamilyagain.Girlsshouldlearnhowtoavoidbeinghurt.v-ing的形式时态主动被动语态一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone否定式notdoing/beingdone,nothaving(been)doneDoyouknowthemantalkingwithourteacher?Havingdonehishomework,hewentouttoplay.Nothavingbeenheardfromforoveramonth,Tomwentbackhometownagain.Thebridgebeingbuiltnowwillbecompletedsoon.•动名词的被动式•①用作句子的主语。如：•_________________bythehostaddedtohisuneasiness.主人对他的冷漠使他更加不舒服。•So__________bysharkswasacommonoccurrence.因此被鲨鱼吃掉是经常发生的事。Hisbeingneglectedbeingkilled•②用作动词宾语或介词宾语。如：Hedidn’tmind________________.他不介意把他留在家里。•Shecouldn’tbear_______________likethat.她不能容忍别人如此嘲笑她。•Wecongratulatedhimon________________theParty.我们祝贺他入党了。•Theyinsistedon__________________ordinaryworkers.他们坚持要大家把他们当作普通工人看待。•Idon’tremember____________________achancetotrythismethod.我不记得谁曾给过我试验这种方法的机会。beingleftathomebeingmadefunofhisbeingadmittedtotheirbeingtreatedashavingeverbeengiven•(3)现在分词的被动式①作名词的后置定语，表示当时正在进行的被动动作Thebuilding______________isourlibrary.现在正在修维的那座楼房是我们的图书馆。Thisisoneoftheexperiments_____________inourlaboratory.这是我们实验室里正在进行的实验。②用作宾语补足语，表示当时正在进行的被动动作You’llfindthetopic______________everywhere.你会发现到处都在议论这个话题。Asweapproachedthevillage,wesawnewhouses_____________.…正在盖新房beingrepairedbeingcarriedoutbeingdiscussedbeingbuilt•③构成独立主格结构作状语。如：•Thekey_______________,shecouldn’tenterherroom.•由于钥匙丢了，所以她进不了屋.•Thedecision________________,thenextproblemwashowtomakeagoodplan.•决定作出后，下一个问题就是如何制定一个好计划havingbeenlosthavingbeenmade（1）动词不定式的被动式①用作句子的真正主语。如：Itisanhonour___________________________.我很荣幸应邀在这里讲话。Itisnecessary_________________________ourshortcomings.经常有人提醒我们自身的缺点是有必要的。formetobeaskedtospeakhereforustobeconstantlyremindedof•②用作某些动词的宾语。如：•Heasked________________inTibet.•他请求派他到西藏去工作。•Hehated___________.•他讨厌别人对他阿谀奉承。•③用作表语。如：•WhatIwantis______________.•我只想一个人呆在这里。•Thequestioniswhatis________next.•问题是下一步该干什么。tobesenttoworktobeflatteredtobeleftalonetobedone•④用作宾语补足语。如：•Hewantedthepaper____________atonce.他要求立刻把文件打出来。•Theydidn’texpectthebook_________________.他们没有想到这本书受到读者如此的厚爱。•⑤用作主语补足语。如：•Thebookarenotallowed•______________________________.这些书不许带出阅览室。•Thedateisexpected_______________beforelong.估计具体日期不久就会公布于众的。tobetypedtobesowellreceivedtobetakenoutofthereading-roomtobeannounced•⑥用作名词的后置定语。如：•Areyougoingtothebanquet___________attheembassy?•你打算去参加大使馆的宴会吗？•Itwillbethefirstsuchproject_____________byChineseengineers.•这将是中国工程师设计的第一项这种类型的工程。tobegiventobedesigned•⑦用作状语。如：•Theactorisgoingontothestage___________.演员要上台领奖。•Shewasnotoldenough____________suchheavywork.她年龄还小，不宜让她干这么重的活。•Itwasagoodthingforhim________________.他受到批评是件好事。（表示已经发生的被动动作）tohavebeencriticizedtobegiventobeawarded1.Peopledrink____water,butnobodydrinks____water.A.boiling;boilingB.boiling;boiledC.boiled;boilingD.boiled;boiled2.Thetraveler____there____atthesunrising.A.stands;lookB.stand;andlookC.standing;tolookD.standing;lookedCD3.Thebookisvery____andIfindhim____initA.interesting;interestingB.interested.InterestedC.interesting;interestedD.interested;interestingCPractice4.Tomapologizedfor_______meofthechangeoftheplan.A.hisbeingnottoldB.himnottotellC.hisnottellingD.himtotell5._________foralongtime,themotherworriedagreatdeal.A.HavingnotheardfromhersonB.NothavingheardfromhersonC.NothearingfromhersonD.Notheardfromherson6.___________,shewantstogothereforholiday.A.HavingneverbeentoKunmingB.NeverhavingbeentoKunmingC.HavingbeentoKunmingD.HavingnotbeentoKunmingCBB