England Civil War 英国内战介绍

OnJanuary30，1649morning,therewasaguillotinebeforeWhitehallbanquetinghall.CharlieⅠwithasmilethatshowedacalmattitude,inordertomaintaintheirroyaldignity,calmlysaid:deathisnotterribleforme.ThankGod.I'mready.Herecitedapoemwhichwaswrittenbyhimself,thencalledhimself“thepeopleofmartyrs”.Finally,hewalkedtotheguillotine,endinghislife.Kingis…WhyCharlieⅠwaskilled?TheEnglandCivilWarGroup1Content1BriefIntroduction2Backgrounds3Process4EvaluationBrifeIntroductionaseriesofarmedconflictsPuritanRevolutionhugeinfluencesthebeginningofModernBritishhistoryThecradleofcapitalism（1）Enclosure（2）Greatchanges(3)EnglandisoneoftheEuropecountrieswhichdevelopedcapitalismfirst.Enclosuremadeagriculturalcapitalismandbusinessdevelop.Feudalagriculturaleconomycollapsed.Agricultureandmarketareinamoreclosetouch.1.EconomyPowerincrease（1）Theconflicts（2）TheScotlandProtest(3)Newnobilitiesandcapitalistsincreasedtheirpowerfurther.TheydemandedtoabolishthefeudalautocracyandsharedthepowerwithKing.thebeginningofStuartDynastyKingCharlesIimposedwithoutparliament’spermissionandabolishedparliamentfinally.CharlesIforcedtocollecttheboattax.Peopleweren’twillingtopayit.Asaresult,refusingtopaythetaxdevelopedintoamassprotestcampaign.2.Politics(2)TheconflictsbetweenKingandparliamentCharlesⅠSuspectParliamentMarriedCatholicprincessWorriedaboutaCatholicinheritorThirtyYearsWar;financialdifficultiesArgumentsCan’tgetmoneyfromParliamentWasdissolvedin1640WasevenmorehostiletowardNewParliamentwasformedThomasWentworthwasarrestedin1641Sent300troopstoarresthisbiggestcriticsCriticsfledintoLondonandhidsafely3.CulturePuritanemerged.Itrepresentedthecapitalists’thoughts.establishconstitutionalmonarchyReformreligiousPurposeThefirstcivilwarThesecondcivilwarTherestorationofStuart(1)Twocamps:①supporttheking②supportparliament1.ThefirstcivilwarOctober23in1642ThefirstmassivewaratJiHillThearmyoftheparliamentwasinapassivesituation.EarlyJulyin1642,ThebattleofMarstonmooristheturningpointoftheEnglishCivilWar.Thearmyoftheparliamentgraspsthewar’sinitiative‘‘FerricCavalry’’June14thin1645TwosideslaunchedthedecisivebattlenearNaseby.In1647MarchThelaststrongholdofthearmyofthekingfallsinthearmyofparliament’shand,thefirstcivilwardeclaredtheend.2.ThesecondcivilwarBattleofPrestonwithScotlandarmyinAugust17.August25th1648In16483.TheRestorationofStuart(1)InSeptember1658Cromwelldied.Sincethen,thestruggleforpowercarriedoutbetweentheseniorofficersandCouncil.(2)InMay1660Charlieascendthethrone,CharlieII,theStuartcameback.(3)In1685AfterthedeathofCharlieII,hisbrotherJamessucceededtothethrone,JamesII.(4)In1688MaryIIandWilliamIIIestablishedaconstitutionalmonarchy.ReasonsofsuccessCongresshastheadvantagestowinthewar.Therevolutionariesrecombinedthearmyandusedthecorrectstrategyandtactics.ajusticewarEvaluationTheEnglishCivilWaristhestrugglebetweenanewbourgeoisaristocracyandfeudalautocracy.TheBritishbourgeoisrevolutionhadreachedahigherpeak.aprominentpositionintheBritishmilitaryhistoryThanksforyourattention