搜索
Unit1AlandofdiversityGrammarReviseNounClauses在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。WhatattractspeopletoCaliforniaisitspleasantclimateandrelaxedlifestyle.ScientistsbelievedthatthesesettlerscrossedtheBeringStraitintheArctictoAmericabymeansofalandbridgewhichexistedinprehistorictimes.Lead-in名词性从句NounClause从句一律保持陈述语序主语从句SubjectClause宾语从句ObjectClause表语从句PredicativeClause同位语从句AppositiveClauseNounclausesasthesubjectandobject名词性从句主语宾语SubjectClauses主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的句子1.ThatheknowsJapaneseisknowntoall.that只起连接作用，无词义,不可省略。2.Whetherheiscomingdoesn’tmattermuch.主语从句不用if连接词有：thatwhether连接代词有：whatwhowhomwhosewhich等连接副词有：whenwherewhyhow等3.Whathesaidsurprisedmemost.what充当句子成分what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语,而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用。eg：(1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.(2)Thatsheisstillaliveisapuzzle.【真题回放】Itisbynomeansclear____thepresidentcandotoendthestrike.(2012全国卷)A.howB.whichC.thatD.whatDwhat与that引导主语从句It’spossible/important/necessary/clear…that……很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reported…that…据说/据报道…It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…It’sapity/afactthat...遗憾的是/事实是……【it作形式主语的结构】it作形式主语从句作主语时，为了保持句子平衡,用it作形式主语,将从句放在后面作真正的主语。Thatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilmisapity.—Itisapitythatyoudidn’tgotoseethefilm.【真题回放】isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET1995)A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.ItD(2).what引导的主语从句，可根据表语决定。Whatheneeds______(be)thatbook.Whatheneeds______(be)somebooks.isare(1).从句作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.你昨天说的是对的。主谓一致问题3.________causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where1.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How2.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where【即学即练】BAAObjectClauses宾语从句1.Iknowhim.(simplesentence)2.Iknowwhoheis.(complexsentence)主语谓语宾语主语谓语宾语总结：宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的句子。What’sthedifferencebetweenthetwosentences?引导词陈述句：特殊疑问句:一般疑问句:先____后_____（即陈述句语序）thatwhat/where/when/who/howmuch/howmany...if/whether主谓语序时态宾语从句三要素主句为现在时，从句的时态根据_________而定。主句为过去时，从句的时态用___________时态。实际情况相应的过去主句+引导词+主语+谓语动词+其他•Iwanttoknowiftheywillgothere.•HeaskedmewhenIarrivedinShanghai.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike【即学即练】C一、从句语序：一律用陈述语序Iwantsomethingtoeat.Whatdidthecatthink?Thecatthought(that)hewantedsomethingtoeat.二、引导词：取决于从句的句型1.从句是陈述句时，引导词用that，that可以省略.CanIfly?Whatdoesthebabywonder?Hewonders_____________________.if/whetherhecanfly2.从句是一般疑问句时，引导词用if或whether.ManyrelativeswanttoknowManyrelativeswanttoknow_________________.whythegirlcried3.从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词用特殊疑问词。Whydidthegirlcry?1.主句是现在时态，从句可以用任何时态。Hesaysthathe(read)abooknow.2.主句是过去时态，从句用相应的过去时态。TheteachertoldusthatTom(leave)forAmerica.3.主句是一般过去时，但从句表达的是客观真理或自然现象时，仍然用一般现在时。Theteachersaidthattheearth______(travel)aroundthesun.travels三、主、从句的时态呼应isreadinghadleftit不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语；当从句在句子中作宾语时，为保持平衡，用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it只起引导作用，无意义。IconsiderthatweshouldlearnEnglishwellnecessary.consider/find/think/feel/make等动词常带宾语补足语,这时要用形式宾语it,宾语从句放到宾补之后。四、It用作形式宾语IconsideritnecessarythatweshouldlearnEnglishwell.TheyfoundpleasantthattheyworkedwithusChinese.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one【即学即练】C若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。Idon’tknowyou.Ithink...（合并成复合句）I_______thinkI______________________.don’tknowyou五、否定转移whether和if都可以引导宾语从句(1).当有ornot时就用whether,不用if。eg.Idon’tknowwhetherornotIwillstay.(2).介词后面的宾语从句不能用if。eg.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.六.whether和if的使用区别Idon’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./B【即学即练】1.Idoubtif/whetherhewillpasstheexam.2.Idon’tdoubtthatwewillwinthematch.3.Doyoudoubtthathediditonhisown?七.doubt问题肯定句中用if/whether否定句中用that疑问句中用that1.Idoubt_________heistellingthetruth.2.Weneverdoubt_________theplanwillbecarriedout.3.Doeshedoubt_________youarefromEngland?if/whetherthatthat【即学即练】1.曾老师问他为什么迟到了。MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool2.他们不确定明天是否转冷Theyareuncertainifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.3.何老师说过月亮绕着地球转。MissHesaidthatthemoonwentroundtheearth.hewas从句语序必须为陈述句语序。goes从句内容为真理时，从句的时态用一般现在时。whether只能用whether与ornot连用1.Iaskher_______comewithme.A.ifshewillB.ifwillsheC.whetherwillsheD.willshe2._______hesaidistrue.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Whether3.Canyoutellme________?A.whoisthatgentlemanB.thatgentlemaniswhoC.whothatgentlemanisD.whomisthatgentleman4.Thevillagershavealreadyknownwe’lldoistorebuildthebridge.（2011江西卷）A.thisB.thatC.whatD.whichConsolidationexercises•学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。•时态主从要呼应：•主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；•主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；•宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。•语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。•That连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。•从句若表“是否”时，if/whether要慎记。•特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。•三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。HomeworkRevisethekeysentencesonthegrammar—nounclausesasthesubjectandobject.Previewthenextperiod.