名词性从句课件(68张ppt)1

从句名词性从句形容词性从句副词性从句:定语从句:状语从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句名词性从句在功能上相当于名词,在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。主语{Hisjobisimportant.Whathedoesisimportant.表语Thisishisjob.Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.{宾语Idon’tlikehisjob.Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.同位语Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.谓语动词/介词名词WhenweshallholdthemeetingdependsonwhetherJohncanreturntomorrow.系动词TheproblemiswhenJohnwillcomeback.Weexpressedourhopethatwecouldvisitthecountryagain.Haveatry:Whatkind?•Idon’tknowwhobrokethewindow.•Sheisnolongerwhatsheusedtobe.•Whattheyneedisagoodtextbook.•Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmwelcome.•Thisiswhereourproblemis.•Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.•TheforeignerexpressedhishopethathewasgoingtovisittheGreatWallagain.•Weconsideritnecessarythatheshouldimprovehispronunciation.PSOPSAOOPracticetime：指出下列各名词性从句的种类。1.Atlunchtime,theradioweathermanreportedthatitwouldbeafineday.2.Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.3.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.4.Shefoundthatshewasbeingwatchedbyatallmaninadarkcoat.5.Whenwewillstartisnotclear.6.WeexpressedthehopethattheywouldcometovisitChinaagain..宾语从句宾语从句表语从句宾语从句主语从句同位语从句1Thathewillsucceediscertain.2Whetherhewillgothereisnotknown.3Whathesaidisnottrue.4Wherehehidthemoneyistobefoundout.5Whoevercomesiswelcome.6Howwecanhelpthetwinswillbediscussedatthemeeting.7Whenthey’llstarttheprojecthasnotbeendecidedyet.“It”isusedasemptysubject形式主语为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.1.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.2.Itisnotknownwhetherhewillgothere.3.Ithasnotbeendecidedyetwhenthey’llstarttheproject.It’slikely/possible/important/necessary/clearthat…很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reportedthat…据说/据报道…Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧..It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知）/acommonsaying（俗话说）that…若主句是一般现在时态或一般将来时，则从句的时态不限。IthinkJimisspeakingtooquickly.宾语从句1.从句中的时态问题：若主句是一般过去时，从句必须用过去时态的某一种。Iknewshehadswepttheflooralready.若从句叙述的是客观真理、自然现象或永恒不变的规律时，则不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时态。Theyknewthesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.2.宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略：（1）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个that不能省；（2）当that从句作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。（3）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句。Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.3.在think，believe，suppose，imagine,feel等引导的宾语从句中，谓语动词否定前移。Idon’tthinkheisright.Idon’tsupposeyouneedtoworryaboutit.Idon’tfeelIcanstandanylonger.Thequestioniswhetherwecanrelyonhim.That’sbecausewewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasifhewasgoingtocry.That’swhyIwaslate.表语从句:在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后.作用：对主语进行解释说明。改错:Thereasonwhyhewasabsentisbecausehewasill.当主语是reason时,后面的表语从句的引导词只能是that.that同位语从句在句中充当同位语成分，其一般跟在一些抽象名词（idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news等）后面，对名词作进一步解释说明.同位语从句常用that引导或用连接副词when/where/why/how/whether1)Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2)WordcamethatNapoleonhimselfwascomingtoinspect(视察)them.3)SydneykepthispromisethathewouldalwaysdoanythinghecouldforLucietomakesureofherhappiness.同位语从句同位语从句不同于定语从句，前者是对名词加以补充说明，后者是对名词加以限制.Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadovertheschool.Thenewsyoutoldmeyesterdaywasreallydisappointing.一、名词性从句的语序（1）名词性从句构成有两种a.That+陈述句Thatlighttravelsinstraightlinesisknowntoall.Thisiswhatwearelookingfor.b.疑问词+句子的剩余成分(2)疑问词引导的名词性从句要求使用陈述句语序，不能用一般疑问句语序。Howwashesuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()Howhewassuccessfulisstillapuzzle.()你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？FTTF他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。Couldyoutellmewherehelives?()Couldyoutellmewheredoeshelive?()二、名词性从句连接词的选用（1）that和what的选用that和what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。that/what1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.5.Is_____hetoldustrue?6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.WhatThatthatwhatwhatwhatthatwhata.主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句e.介词后的宾语从句f.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.gwhetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.不能使用if的情况：1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.2.______wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.7.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.8.Idon’tknow_______togo.if/whetherWhetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether其它连接代词和副词的连用主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。________weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided.我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。Idon’tknow_________broketheglassyesterday.我不知道他长的什么样子。Ihavenoidea_________helookslike.这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。Thisis_________Ileftmyglasses.Whenwhowhatwherethat可省略的情况：that不可省略的情况：主语从句表语从句同位语从句用it做形式宾语的宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词that不能省略单个宾语从句中的that可省略1.Idon’tthink________sheiscoming.2.Itisapity________hehasmadesuchamistake.3.Thereasonis_________heiscareless.4.Thenews________ourteamwonthematchinspiredus.5.Idon’tthinkitnecessary_________youshouldreadEnglishaloud.6.Hetoldme_______