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Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars天文学：恒星科学•Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦•1．n．系统，体系，制度•2．n.学说；理论•3．pron.，n.&adj.(英)万亿；(美)十亿•4．adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的•5．n.大气层；气氛•6．prep.不同；不像•7．adj.有害的•8．vi.&vt.乘；增加systemtheorybillionviolentatmosphereunlikeharmfulmultiply•9．vi.存在；生存•10．adv.因此；于是•11．n.谜；难题•vt.&vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难•12．n.万有引力；重力•13．adj.温和的；文雅的•14．n.气候•15．n.物理学家•16．vi.&vt.碰撞；坠落•17．n．&vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力•18．n.质量；团；块；大量；(复)群众existthuspuzzlegravitygentleclimatephysicistcrashpullmass•Ⅱ.重点短语扫描•1．prevent......阻止……•2．eggs下蛋•3．one’sturn轮到某人；接着•4．getthehang熟悉；掌握；理解•5．watch密切注视；当心；提防•6．depend依靠•7．time及时，终于•8．give产生；分娩•9．cheer感到高兴；感到振奋•10．now既然fromlayinofoutoninBirthtoupthat•11．break突发；爆发out•Ⅲ.课文原句突破•1．Whatitwastobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.•[信息提取]whatitwastobecome是what引导的主语从句，what在从句中作become的宾语。•[例句仿写]使大家惊奇的是他竟没有参加会议。•________________________________________hedidn’tcometothemeeting.•【答案】Whatsurprisedeverybodyisthat•2．Theearthbecamesoviolentthatitwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.•[信息提取]whether...(ornot)引导的从句还可充当宾语、表语、同位语等。•[例句仿写]他是否能成功地通过驾驶考试还不确定。•Itisuncertain________________________________passingthedrivingtest________________.•【答案】whetherhe’llsucceedin；ornot•3．Thisproducedachainreaction，whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.•[信息提取]which引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句整个概念，也可代指单个先行词。•[例句仿写]杰克开车太快，这是危险的。•Jackdrovetoofast，________________________.•【答案】whichwasdangerous•4．Wewatched，amazedasfirebrokeoutontheoutsideofthespaceshipastheearth’sgravityincreased.•[信息提取]amazed是形容词化的过去分词，在此处作状语用。•[例句仿写]他躺在床上，醒着。•He________________________________，________.•【答案】layinthebed；awake•atmospheren．大气，空气；环境，气氛•Everyonecouldfeelthetenseatmosphereatthemeeting.•大家都能感受到会场上的紧张气氛。•Heisfondoftheatmosphereofpeaceandcalminthecountry.•他喜欢乡间的和平宁静的气氛。•Eversincetheirquarrel，therehasbeenanunpleasantatmosphereintheoffice.•自从他们发生口角以来，办公室里总有一种不愉快的气氛。•1．(2008年湖北卷)Thetopleadersofthetwocountriesareholdingtalksinafriendly________.•A．atmosphereB．state•C．situationD．phenomenon•【解析】句意为：两国高层领导人之间的会谈在友好的气氛中举行。atmosphere气氛；state状态；situation处境；phenomenon现象。由句意可知A项正确。•【答案】A•massn.•(1)[C]块；团；堆•Beforetherain，theskywasamassofclouds.•下雨前，天空有一团云。•Amassofletterscamefromalloverthecountry.•一大堆信件来自全国各地。•(2)(pl.)群众，集团•fromthemassestothemasses从群众中来，到群众中去•Themasseshaveboundlesscreativepower.•人民群众有无限的创造力。•(3)amassof/massesof大量的，许多的，后跟可数名词复数或不可数名词。•Shehasamassofthingstodo.她有一大堆的事情要做。•(4)inamass大量地；大批地•Sportsfanscametothestadiuminamassbeforethegame.•大批的运动爱好者在赛前就来到了体育馆。•2．Theyoungdancerslookedsobeautifulintheirnewclothesthatwetook________picturesofthem.•A．manyofB．massesof•C．thenumberofD．alargeamountof•【解析】本题考查短语的用法区别。题意是“这些年轻的舞蹈演员穿着漂亮的衣服，显得那么迷人，我们拍了她们的许多照片”。manyof许多，其后接复数名词，且名词前要有these，those，the，their等限定词；massesof许多，大量的，既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词；thenumberof意为“……的数量”，表“许多，大量的”之意时，要用anumberof；alargeamountof许多；大量的，用以修饰不可数名词。由题意可知选B。•【答案】B•intime及时；终于，总有一天•Youwillsucceedintimebecauseyouarealwaysworkinghard.•你迟早会成功的，因为你一直在努力工作。•Thedoctorcameintimetosaveherlife.•医生及时赶到救了她的命。•ontime准时；按时•innotime立即；马上•atatime一次；每次•atonetime曾经；一度•attimes有时•aheadoftime提前•takeone’stime别着急，慢慢来•Don’trecitealltogether；oneatatime.不要一起背诵，一次一个。•Thebossorderedustofinishourtaskaheadoftime.•老板命令我们提前完成任务。•3．________，IlostheartinEnglishlearning，butmyteacheroftensaidtome，“keeponstudyinghard，andyou’llsucceed________.”•A．Atatime；intime•B．Atatime；ontime•C．Atonetime；intime•D．Atonetime；ontime•【解析】考查由time构成的固定搭配的用法。句意为：曾一度，我对英语学习失去信心，但我老师常对我说：“坚持不懈的努力，最终会铸就你的成功。”atatime每次；atonetime曾经，一度；相当于once；intime及时，迟早；当“迟早”时相当于soonerorlater；ontime按时，准时。由句意应选C。•【答案】C•4．(2009年江西景德镇模拟)—Doesheoftenaskyouforhelp?•—Oh，no，only________.•A．allthetimeB．atonetime•C．atatimeD．attimes•【解析】allthetime一直；atonetime曾经；atatime一次；attimes有时。•【答案】D•5．—IamafraidIcan’treturnthebooktoyoubeforeFriday.•—________.•A．Don’tbeafraidB．Becareful•C．NotatallD．Takeyourtime•【解析】句意为：——恐怕我不能在星期五之前把这本书还给你。——慢慢来，不着急。Don’tbeafraid别害怕；Becareful小心，当心；Notatall一点也不；Takeyourtime—touseasmuchtimeasyouneedwithouthurrying不用急，慢慢来。根据题意只有D项符合句意。•【答案】D•inone’sturn轮到某人；接着•Theyallspokeatthemeeting，eachinhisturn.•他们每个人都在会上轮流发言了。•inturn依次；轮流；反之，反过来•byturns轮流；交替地•taketurnstodosth.轮流做某事•itisone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事•Sheaskedthesamequestionofeveryoneinturn.•她依次向每一个人问同样的问题。•Theshopassistantshadtohavetheirdaysoffbyturns.•店员要轮流休息。•Itisyourturntoreadthetext.该轮到你读课文了。•Thechildrenweretakingturnsontheslidesintheplayground.•孩子们在操场上轮流滑滑梯。•6．(2007年湖北卷)Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars，andthis________createsfurtherproblems.•A．inshortB．incase•C．indoubtD．inturn•【解析】本题考查短语意思辨析。inshort意为“总之，简言之”；incase意为“假使，免得，以防万一”；indoubt意为“感到怀疑，被怀疑的”；inturn意为“反过来，依次，轮流”。根据句意要求应选D。•【答案】D•prevent...from...防止某事发生•keep...from...(from在任何情况下都不省略)•(2)protect...from...保护……不受……侵袭(from后接能带来伤害或损害之物)•Noonecanpreventthisplanfrombeingcarriedout.•谁也不能阻止这个计划的实施。•Wemustprevent(stop)thesechildren(from)playingfootballinthestreet.我们必须阻止孩子们在大街上踢球。•Hisadvicekeptmefrommakingaseriousmistake.•他的忠告使我免于犯严重的错误。•Heputonhissunglassestoprotecthiseyesfromthestrongsunlight.他戴上太阳镜保护眼睛不受强光的伤害。•7．Allpossiblemeans________.However，nothingcan_