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Lesson109Agoodidea她比我高。SheistallerthanIam.平行SherunsfasterthanIdo.muchmanymorethemostI’vegotmanybooks.I’vegotmuchmoney.LucyhasgotmorebooksthanIhave.TomhasgotmorebooksthanLucy.Tomhasgotthemostbooksofusall.形容词的比较级一般由than引导后面的比较对象。例：Iamyoungerthanyouare.变化规则：1.一般形容词后直接加er，(taller)2.以元音加辅音结尾的，双写最后一个字母，再加er，(bigger)3.以辅音加y结尾的，变y为i，再加er.(heavier).4.以e结尾的，直接加r.(larger)形容词的最高级需有一个比较范围。eg：Iamtheyoungestintheclass.（注：最高级前要加the）变化规则：1.一般形容词后直接加est，(tallest)2.以元音加辅音结尾的，双写最后一字母，再加est，(biggest)3.以辅音加y结尾的，变y为i，再加est.(heaviest).4.以e结尾的，直接加st.(largest)languagepoint:形容词的比较级和最高级不规则变化：（多少、好坏）many/much-more-mostfew/little-less-leastgood/well-better-bestbad/ill/badly-worse-worstfar-farther/further-farther/furthestold-older/elder-oldest/eldestidean.主意alittle少许teaspoonfuln.一满茶匙的lessadj.较少的，更少的afew几个pityn.遗憾insteadadv.代替advicen.建议，忠告idean.1)主意eg.That’sagoodidea.我有个主意，你打扫房间，我来洗车。eg.Ihaveanidea:youcleantheroomandI’llwashthecar.2）意见，见解，想法关于这件事你的意见如何eg.Whatisyourideaaboutit?我不喜欢金钱就是一切的想法eg.Idon’tliketheideathatmoneyiseverything.alittle少许（置于不可数名词之前）eg.你要吃点蛋糕吗？Willyoueatalittlecake?little几乎没有，很少的（置于不可数名词之前）我几乎没有时间看书eg.Ihavelittletimeforreading.alittle与littlealittle表示“少”，但是还有一点，即重点放在‘有’，而little则表示“有但是极少”，即重点强调“几乎没有”eg.Thereisalittlewineleftintheglass.eg.Thereislittlemilkleftintheglass.afew几个few和afew（通常置于可数名词之前）few是“几乎没有”的否定性意见afew是“有一些”的肯定性意见。eg.Hehasfewfriends.eg.Hehasafewfriends.inafewdays过几天eg.Shewillcomebackinafewdays.many&afew2020/2/6alittle&muchnotafew不少的，相当多的eg.不少人犯过这种错误。Notafewpeoplehavemadethatmistake.onlyafew仅少数，只有几个…eg.房间中只有几个男性。Onlyafewmenwereintheroom.quiteafew(口语中)相当多的eg.你必须等上好几个礼拜。Youwillhavetowaitquiteafewweeks.alittleafewlittlefew肯定否定不可数可数lessadj.1)adj.(little的比较级)较小的，更小的我明天的工作就更少了。eg:Iwillhavelessworktodotomorrow.2）作不定代词对此我了解甚少，而他知道的更少。eg:Iknowlittleaboutit,butheknowsevenless.3）adv.更不（与more相对）这个故事更没意思。eg:Thisstoryislessinteresting.考试以后，他学习更不努力了。Aftertheexam,heworkslesshard.teaspoonfuln.一满茶匙tea+spoonfulateaspoonfulofsugar一茶匙的糖mouthfuln.一满嘴eg.Don’ttalkwithamouthfuloffood.pity1)n.遗憾eg:真遗憾，他又失败了It’sapitythathefailedagain.真可惜，实在可怜。Whatapity!Whatapity(that)…!….的真是遗憾！eg:她不能来真是遗憾。Whatapity(that)shecannotcome!我因她的无助而觉得她可怜Ipityherforherhelplessness.2）v.令人觉得怜悯，同情feelpityfor=take/havepityon同情eg:Ipityherforherhelplessness.•teaspoonful['ti:spu:nfl]n.一满茶匙•ateaspoonfulofsalt•less[les]adj.（little的比较级）•较少的，更小的•Ihavegotlittlemoney.•Ihavegotlessmoney.•Ihavegottheleastmoney.insteadadv.代替eg.我不喜欢喝啤酒，给我可乐好了。Idon’tlikebeer;givemeCocaColainstead.insteadof代替…，而不eg.我要去看的是她而不是你。Iwillgotoseeherinsteadofyou.eg.她宁可买书而不愿到图书馆去借。Sheprefersbuyingbooksinsteadofborrowingthemfromthelibrary.eg.我必须完成工作，不能出去Ihavetofinishmyworkinsteadofgoingout.•pity['piti]n.遗憾•Whatapity!•instead[in'sted]adv.代替•Idon’thaveanybeer.•Iwouldliketohaveacupofcoffee,instead.•advice[əd‘vais]n.建议，忠告[U]•一条建议•apieceofadviceadvicen.建议，忠告askforadvice寻求建议eg.IaskedmyteacherforadviceonmyEnglish.givesbapieceofadvice/offersbapieceofadvice给某人忠告eg.Letmegiveyouapieceofadvice.takeone’sadvice听取某人的忠告eg.Takemyadviceandstayawayfromhim!advisev.忠告，劝告，建议advisesbtodosth劝告某人做某事eg.我请老师对我的英语学习给些建议。Thedoctoradvisedmetotakeaweek’srest.advisethat…eg.Iadvisedhimtostopsmoking.=Iadvisedthathestopsmoking.givesbapieceofadvice/offersbapieceofadvice给某人忠告eg.让我给你个忠告。Letmegiveyouapieceofadvice.takeone’sadvice听取某人的忠告eg.听听我的劝吧，离他远点。Takemyadviceandstayawayfromhim!•WhatdoesJanehavewithhercoffee?Watchthevideoandthentrytoanswerthequestion:1.ShallImakesomecoffee,Jane?ShallI….?我….好吗？shall构成疑问句，表示征求对方意见或请求对方指示。eg.我们出去喝一杯好吗？（征求意见）Shallwegooutforadrink?eg.让那个人在外面等吗？（请求指示）Shallthemanwaitoutside?2.makesomecoffee煮咖啡eg.我给你煮点咖啡。Iwillmakesomecoffeeforyou.some通常用于肯定句，而在疑问句中要变成any,但是在征询意见的问句中仍用some。夏洛特：咖啡好了，你要放点奶吗？CHARLOTTE：It‘sready.Doyouwantanymilk?简：请稍加一点。JANE：Justalittle,please.It’sready=Thecoffeeisready.alittle一点，用于修饰不可数名词。又如：alittlemoney/water/coffee一点儿钱／水／咖啡alittle&littleThereisalittlecoffeeinthecup.Thereislittlecoffeeinthecup.alittle表示“少”，但是还有一点点，即重点放在“有”（乐观）little表示“有，但是极少”，即强调“几乎没有”（悲观）4.Whataboutsomesugar?(1)Whatabout______(they)?(2)Whatabout______(any)bananas?(3)Whatabout______(play)basketball?(1)人称代词宾格(2)在征询意见的问句中仍用some(3)doingsth.5.No,lessthanthat.Oneandahalfteaspoonfuls，please.less是little和few的比较级“更少的“在此处是little的比较级。lessthan…少于...morethan...多于...夏洛特：加些糖怎么样？两茶匙行吗？CHARLOTTE：Whataboutsomesugar?Twoteaspoonfuls?简：不，再少一些。请放一勺儿半。那对我已足够了。JANE：No,lessthanthat.Oneandahalfteaspoonfuls,please.That'senoughforme.teaspoon茶匙ateaspoonfulofsugar一茶匙的糖handfuladj.一把ahandfulofsand一把沙子amouthfuloffood一满嘴饭little-less–theleastlessthan少于一勺儿半beenoughforsb.对某人来说足够了6.oneandahalfteaspoonfulsoneandahalf一个半在英语中，一般比1大的东西，即使比2小，也需要用复数形式。eg.Iateoneandahalfapplesasbreakfast.7.That’senoughforme.beenoughforsb对某人来说…足够了eg.Threepensareenoughforme.enoughtodo足够做…我有三只笔就足够了。eg.Iamoldenoughtolivealone.我己经够大了，可以自己生活了。Iamoldenoughtolivealone.•not…enough…todo….可与too….to…..互换•她长得不够高，拿不到架子上的书。•Sheisnottallenoughtoreachthebookontheshelf.•她太矮了，拿不到架子上的书。•Sheistooshorttoreachthebookontheshelf.8.insteadadv.作为替代eg.Shedidn’thavebread,instead,shehadbiscuits.eg.Peterwasill,soIwentinstead.Let