[高一英语]关系副词引导定语从句

•Unit5-2•TheAttributiveClause(Ⅱ)•关系副词when,where,why引导的定语从句•（一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。•where引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。•例：•Chinaistheonlycountrywherewildpandascanbefound.•ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.知识拓展：1.关系副词where引导的定语从句可以转换为“介词+which”引导的定语从句。例：Thehotelwherewestayedwasn’tclean.＝Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.•ThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.=ThehouseinwhichLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.•2.若定语从句的先行词是地点，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句，而不用where来引导。Thelibrarythat/whichyouvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.•3.如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,stage,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。例：I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.•【典型例题】•1.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation_______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.•A.thatB.when•C.whichD.whereD•2.Lifeislikealongrace_____wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.•A.whyB.what•C.thatD.whereD•3.IhavereachedapointinmylifeIamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.•A.whichB.where•C.howD.whyB•4.TheywillflytoWashington,___theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.•A.whereB.there•C.whichD.whenA•when引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。•例：•ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.（二）关系副词when引导的定语从句•知识拓展：•1.关系副词when引导的定语从句也可以转换为“介词+which”引导的定语从句。•Istillrememberthetimewhen(duringwhich)Ilivedinthecountryside.•2.若定语从句的先行词是时间，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用which或that引导定语从句。•I’llneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentoncampus.•I’llneverforgetthetimethat/whichwasspentwithyou.•1.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_____local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.•A.ifB.when•C.whichD.sinceB•2.Wewentthroughaperiod___communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.•A.whichB.whose•C.inwhichD.withwhichC•（三）关系副词why引导的定语从句。•why引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如：excuse;explanation;reason等。•例：•Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcometothepartyisthathedidn’twanttoseeJane.•Wecan’taccepttheexcusewhyyouwereabsent.•Thisistheexplanationwhytheyputoffthemeeting.•知识拓展：•1.关系副词why引导的定语从句可以转换为“for+which”引导的定语从句。•Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.•2.若定语从句的先行词是reason，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用which或that引导定语从句。•Thereasonthat/whichshegavewasnottrue.•即学即用•1)Thereason________hedidn’tcomewasthathewasill.•2)Thereasonheexplainedisnottrue.whythat/which（四）判断关系代词与关系副词•方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要用关系代词；而不及物动词则要用关系副词•1.Thisisthemountainvillage______Ivisitedlastyear.•2.Thisisthemountainvillage_______Istayedlastyear.•3.Thisisthemountainvillage_______Istayedinlastyear.that/whichwherethat/which•方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。•1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?•A.whereB.that•C.onwhichD.theone•2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?•A.whereB.that•C.onwhichD.theone•解题思路：•题干句如果是疑问句式，要将其转化为陈述句式。•方法二中的第一个句子变为肯定句：•Thismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.•A.whereB.that•C.onwhichD.theoneD•第二个句子变为肯定句：•Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.•A.whereB.that•C.onwhichD.theoneA•归纳：•关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。•（五）定语从句与其他从句的比较•1.非限制性定语从句和单句/并列句的比较•Hehastwosons.Bothof_____areteachers.（句）•Hehastwosons,andbothof______areteachers.（句）•Hehastwosons;bothof_____areteachers.（句）•Hehastwosons,bothof_______areteachers.（句）•A.themB.whomA简单AA并列并列B定语从•分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句的一个关键。•2.as引导的非限制性定语从句与it引导的句子•Theearthisround,and____isknowntoall.•______isknowntoall,theearthisround.•______isknowntoallthattheearthisround.•A.(I)itB.A(a)sABA•3.定语从句和状语从句•(1)Thisissuchabigstone_______noonecanliftit.（从句）•Thisissuchabigstone_______noonecanlift.（从句）状语thatas定语•分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。•(2)Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawerwherehecaneasilyfindit.（从句）•Pleaseputtheletterwherehecaneasilyfindit.（从句）定语状语总结：where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。•4.when引导的定语从句与强调句句型。•ItwasOctober_______wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）•ItwasinOctober_____wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）whenthat定语从强调•总结：强调句句型：Itis/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其它部分，去掉Itis/was…that/who…,句子照样成立。而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成分。•解题技巧：•1.通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。•2.题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。•3.分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词•4.注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and,but等。•即学即用：•1)Yesterdaymyphysicsteachersetsuchadifficultexamproblem______noneofusworkedout.•A.thatB.as•C.sothatD.whichB•2)HereareplayersfromJapan,someof_________areouroldfriends.•A.whichB.that•C.whomD.themC•3)Itwaseleveno’clock___theywentoutofthecinema.•A.whichB.that•C.whenD.onwhichC