人教版英语初中定语从句(共80张PPT)

定语从句(Attributiveclause)ThebabyisJack.ThebabyisJack.whosetrousersareredwhoiswearingredtrousersWhichbabyisJack?Jack穿红裤子的baby是Jack。Whichhouseismine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouseismine.whoseroofisbrownMyhouseIlikebooks.Thebooksareaboutanimals.Ilikebooksareaboutanimals.thatIlikemoviesThemoviesareaboutaliens.Ilikemoviesareaboutaliens.thatIhaveamobilephone.Themobilephonecanplaymusic.Ihaveamobilephonethatcanplaymusic.Ilikegoingtothepark.Theparkisnearmyhouse.Ilikegoingtotheparkthatisnearmyhouse.Ihavebooksthatareaboutanimals.Iwanttogototheparkthatisnearmyhouse.TheAttributiveClause（定语从句）：booksthepark我有关于动物的故事书。areis我想要去离我家近的公园。Thingsthat•什么是定语从句呢？答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。结构：先行词+关系词+句子先行词关系词定语从句Thegirlwhoisinredismysister.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行词关系词定语从句关系代词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatwhere,whenMaryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.themachineamachineDoactivity2Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.amachinethat/whichThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirlThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirlThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirlThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirlThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirlThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirlThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.Thegirlthat/whowesawyesterdayisMary.1.Themanisafarmer.2.Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer.Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.that,which,who,whom,whosewhere,when，why2.结构：先行词+关系词+句子3.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。通常位于定语从句之前。4.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系代词关系副词作用A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、___________；B、_____________；C、________________________。Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.定语从句先行词关系词“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词theman，在定语从句中作主语。引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分三、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语1)Theboys____areplayingsoccerarefromClass1.2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldman____losthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，常可省略。1)Mr.Liuistheperson_____________youtalkedabout.2)Theman______________youmetjustnowismyfriend.(whom/who)who/whomwhowho3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。1)Thepeople__________cometovisitthecityareallhere.(做主语)2)Whereistheman__________________Isawthismorning?(做宾语)做主语做宾语that/whothat/whom/who小结：that:既可指人,也可指物.作主语,不能省略；作宾语,可以省略。which:指物,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略.who－指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定.1)I’mreadingabookthat/which__aboutBillGates.2)Heisateacherwho/that________usChinese.3)Theboyswho___playingsoccerarefromClass1.5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1)Hehasafriend_______fatherisadoctor.(2)Ioncelivedinahouse_______roofhasfallenin.我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。isteachesarewhosewhose四.修饰物体时关系代词that和which的区分(一)不用that的情况1.在引导非限定性定语从句时。1)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.(___)2)Thetree,whichisfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.(____)2.介词后不能用。1)Wedependonthelandfrom______wegetourfood.2)Wedependontheland_____________wegetourfoodfrom.错对whichthat/which(二)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况1.当先行词是everything,anything,nothing(something外),all,none,few,little,some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时。如：1)Haveyoutakendowneverything___Mr.Lisaid?李老师讲的你都记下来吗？2)All____canbedonehasbeendone.所有能做的都做好了。3)Thereislittle_____Icandoforyou.我不能为你干什么。thatthatthat注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代who，如：1)Anyman__________hasasenseofdutywon’tdosuchathing.任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。2)Alltheguests___________wereinvitedtoherweddingwereimportantpeople.所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。that/whothat/who2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：Thefirstplace______theyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.这是我看过的最好的电影。thatthat4．当先行词被thevery,theonly,thelast修饰时。1)Thisistheverydictionary_____Iwanttobuy.这正是我要买的词典。2)Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlything_____heowns.家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschool______willattendthemeeting.王华是我校唯一出席会议的人。thatthatwho5．当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。如：1)Whoistheman_____isstandingbythegate?站在门口的那个人是谁？2)WhichistheT-shirt______fitsmemost?哪件T恤衫最合我的身？6．当先行词为人与物时。如：1)Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthings________theyrememberedatschool他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。2)Lookatthemanandhisdonkey______arewalkingupthestreet.瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的毛驴。thatthatthatthat1.Ihaveafriend________likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/that3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress__________Igaveher.which/thatwhose4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ismorethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeismybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook__________istoodifficultforhim.which/that7.Isthereanything________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecandoistostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsu