英语五大基本句型

整理文档很辛苦,赏杯茶钱您下走!

免费阅读已结束,点击下载阅读编辑剩下 ...

阅读已结束,您可以下载文档离线阅读编辑

资源描述

英语五大基本句型英语五种基本句型列式如下:基本句型一:主+系+表基本句型二:主+谓基本句型三:主+谓+宾基本句型四:主+谓+间宾+直宾基本句型五:主+谓+宾+宾补基本句型一:主+系+表该句型中,句子谓语动词(即系动词)不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。1.系动词be2.表示感官的系动词,如look,sound,smell,taste,feel,seem,appear等3.表示变化的系动词,如become,get,turn,grow,fall,go,come,run等4.表示持续的系动词,如stay,keep,remainstand,rest,lie,hold等5.可带名词作表语的系动词,如be,become,sound,remain,turnout,prove(证明是,结果是)Heisaboy.他是一个男孩.(名词)Thebookishers.这本书是她的.(名词性物主代词)Heistall他个子高。(形容词)Johnisingoodhealth.约翰身体健康。(介词短语)Weareexcitedatthenews.我们对这个消息很兴奋。(过去分词)Thebookisboring.这本书很无聊。(现在分词)Herdreamistobecomeateacher.(不定式)Myhobbyiscollectingcoins.我的爱好是收集硬币。(动名词)ThereasonwhyIwaslatewasthatmymotherwasill.我迟到的原因是我母亲生病了.(表语从句)1.我们应该感恩父母无私的爱。Weshouldbegratefultoourparentsfortheirselflesslove.2.他说的话原来都是谎话。Whathesaidproved(tobe)/turnedoutlies.3.我的梦想是考上一所好大学。Mydreamistobeadmittedintoagoodcollege.4.上大学是我一直所梦想的。GoingtocollegeiswhatIhavebeendreamingof.基本句型二:主+谓此句型中,句子的谓语动词是不及物动词,能表达完整的意思。但是后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句、不定式等作状语。1.Herunsfast.他跑得快。(副词)2.Theystoppedtotakearest.他们停下来休息。(不定式)3.Heisstandingbythewindow.他站在窗户旁边。(介词短语)4.Hecriedwhenheheardthebadnews当他听到这个消息时,他哭了。(状语从句)1.我们必须努力学习。Wemuststudyhard.2.他们等了几个小时就是为了看他们最喜爱的明星。Theywaited(for)severalhourstoseetheirfavouritestars.3.2011年3月8日本发生了一场大地震。AnbigearthquakehappenedinJapanonMarch8th,2011.4.在过去的几十年里,我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。Overthepastdecades,greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometown.基本句型三:主+谓+宾此句型中:谓语动词是及物动词,但不能表达完整的意思,必须连接一个宾语,才能表达完整的意思。作宾语的可以是名词,代词,不定式等。Marylovesmusic.(名词)Helovesher.(代词)Iwanttogetyourhelp.(不定式)Idon’tknowwhattodo.(疑问词+不定式)Theoldmanenjoyslivinginthecountryside.(动名词)Idon’tthinkthatheisright.(宾语从句)1.连接不定式作宾语动词有:attempttodo,daretodo,decidetodo,desiretodo,expecttodo,hopetodo,learntodo,needtodo,offertodo,refusetodo,wanttodo,wishtodo,pretendtodo,demandtodopromisetodo,intendtodo等。Idon’tknowwhattodo.(疑问词+不定式)2.连接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语的动词有:ask,consider,decide,discover,explain,findout,forget,guess,know,learn,observe,remember,see,settle,tell,think,understand,wonder等。3.连接动名词作宾语动词有:admitdoing,advisedoing,avoiddoing,considerdoing,defenddoing,enjoydoing,excusedoing,finishdoing,minddoing,missdoing,practicedoing,riskdoing,suggestdoing,giveupdoing,can'thelpdoing等。4.连接不定式与动名词意义差别很大的动词有:forget(todo/doing),remember(todo/doing),regret(todo/doing),try(todo/doing),mean(todo/doing),stop(todo/doing),goon(todo/doing)等。1.我承诺要集中精力在学习上。Ipromisetoconcentratemyenergyonmystudy.2.我们已经决定什么时候出发。Wehavedecidedwhentosetoff.3.他不介意受到老师的批评。Hedoesn’tmindbeingcritisizedbytheteacher.4.我们认为细节是成败的关键。Wethinkthatdetailisthekeytosuccess.基本句型四:主+谓+间宾+直宾该句型的谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语;一个是表示物的直接宾语。间接宾语在前,一个直接宾语在后。Hegavemeacoin.Heofferedmeajob.HetaughtmeEnglish.a)不定式带to的词:advice,allow,ask,beg,cause,choose,command,decide,encourage,expect,force,get,hate,invite,know,leave,like,love,order,permit,persuade,prefer,remain,request,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。b)不定式不带to的词:feel,have,hear,know,let,listento,lookat,make,notice,see,watch等。基本句型五主+谓+宾+宾补此句型中,动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个宾补来补充说明宾语,才能使意思完整。宾语和宾补存在逻辑上的“主谓关系”。1.WeelectedLiYangourmonitor.(名词)2.Thenewsmadeussad.(形容词)3.Weelectedhimasourmonitor.(介词短语)4.Ifoundmyselfinthedark.我发现自己还蒙在鼓里。(介词短语)5.Heencouragehertoworkharder.(不定式)6.Healwayshasotherswaitforhim.他总是要别人等他。(不定式)7.Don’tleavethewaterrunning.(现在分词)不要让水一直流着。8.Iheardmynamecalled.(过去分词)(二)1.Theyworkhard.主+谓2.Theflowerisdead.主+系+表3.Plantsneedwater.主+谓+宾4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.主+谓+间宾+直宾5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.主+谓+宾+宾补6.Manyanimalsliveintrees.主+谓除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语)。下面以基本句型五(s+v+o+o.c)为例:Wefoundthehallfull.我们发现礼堂坐满了。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteachers.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisteningtoanimportantreport.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听一个重要报告。WefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisteningtoanimportantreportmadebyacomradefromthePeople'sDailyoncurrentaffairsinEastEurope.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师,在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样,因此在学习动词时,应掌握动词的类型。以get为例:He'sgettingangry.(SVP)Hegotthroughthewindow.(SVO)You'llgetasurprise.(SVO)Hegothisshoesandsockswet.(SVOC)在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:Ifoundthebookeasily.我很容易地找到了这本书。(SVOM)Ifoundthebookeasy.我觉得这本书很容易。(SVOC)Ihavetodosomething.我得做点事。Ihavesomethingtodo.我有点事做。练习:判断下面的句子是哪种句型1.Yoursisterdancesbeautifully.主+谓2.Thisfoodlooksinviting.主+系+表3.Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.主+谓+宾+宾补4.Goodkeepsyouhealthy.主+谓+宾+宾补5.Thepalaceswerelargeandbeautiful.主+系+表6.Horse-riding,hammerthrowandshootingaresomeofthemoreunusualevents.主+系+表8.Iwillpickuprubbishfromtheground.主+谓+宾9.Youcanplantatreeorbuildabirdhouse.主+谓+宾10.Iwilltellmyfriendstoprotecttheenvironment.主+谓+宾+宾补ALebanesewhohadleftthecountryforSyriaduringtheconflictbetweenIsraelandHizbollah,returnswithherfamilyfollowingtheceasefire,attheLebanon-SyriaborderinMagdelAnjarAugust14,2006.S+VA53-pointwinoverSouthKoreawrappedupaperfectAsianexhibitiontourforastar-studdedU.S.teamonitswaytotheworldchampionships.S+V+OAccordingtothecurrentinformationheldbytheChineseauthorities,averdictarrivedatbytheUnited

1 / 31
下载文档,编辑使用

©2015-2020 m.777doc.com 三七文档.

备案号:鲁ICP备2024069028号-1 客服联系 QQ:2149211541

×
保存成功