新标准大学英语(第二版)综合教程2 Unit 2 A篇练习答案及课文翻译

ContentsActiveReading1WarmingUpListentoapassageandanswerquestions.NewwordsOkinawa（日本）冲绳curatorn.（博物馆、美术馆、图书馆等）管理者；馆长moralen.士气sueforpeace求和；议和preservev.保留pacifistn.和平爱好者Nagasaki（日本）长崎Hiroshima（日本）广岛WarmingUp1.WhywastheInvasionofOkinawathebloodiest,andoneofthelargestbattlesofWorldWarII?2.WhatweretheintentionsoftheJapanesegeneralinthisbattle?3.WhatwasoneofthereasonsthatUSofficialsdecidedtodropatomicbombsonNagasakiandHiroshima?4.Whatdotoday’sOkinawans(冲绳人)thinkofwar?ScriptWarmingUp1.WhywastheInvasionofOkinawawasthebloodiest,andoneofthelargestbattlesofWorldWarII?Morethan1,000Americanshipsandhundredsofthousandsoftroopswereinvolved.Thefightinglasted82days.Villagesweredestroyedandforestsburned.Almost200,000peoplewerekilled.2.WhatweretheintentionsoftheJapanesegeneralinthisbattle?HeplannedtohurtthemoraleandstrengthoftheAmericans./HisintentionwastobleedtheAmericanforcessobadthattheUSsuedforpeace.WarmingUpScript3.WhatwasoneofthereasonsthatUSofficialsdecidedtodropatomicbombsonNagasakiandHiroshima?Japaneseforcesfoughtfiercely.Somefoughttothedeath,refusingtosurrenderevenwhentheyknewtheycouldnotwin.ThiswasonereasonUSofficialsgavefortheirdecisiontodropatomicbombsonthecityofNagasakiandHiroshima.4.Whatdotoday’sOkinawans(冲绳人)thinkofwar?ManyOkinawansarepacifists,andtheygatheroftentospeakagainstviolence.TheyareunhappyaboutthepresenceofAmericantroopsonOkinawa.AndtheyopposeeffortsbyconservativesinJapantostrengthenthecountry’smilitary.WarmingUpScriptOnAugust15,1945,JapansurrenderedtoalliedforcesledbytheUnitedStates.ThealliesfoughtmanycostlybattlesagainstJapan.ThebloodiestandmostdeadlywastheBattleofOkinawa.USofficialssaidthebattlewasonereasontheydecidedtouseatomicweaponsonJapan.Theysaidthehumancostoffightingwastoohigh.TheinvasionofOkinawawasthelast,thebloodiest,andoneofthelargestbattlesofWorldWarII.Morethan1,000Americanshipsandhundredsofthousandsoftroopswereinvolved.Thefightinglasted82days.Villagesweredestroyedandforestsburned.Almost200,000peoplewerekilled.WarmingUpAsmallmuseumonaUSMarinebaseinOkinawashowspicturesandhistoricalobjectsfromthebattle.MarkWaycasteristhecuratorofthemuseum’sBattleofOkinawaarea.HesaysJapaneseGeneralMitsuruUshijima’splanwastohurtthemoraleandstrengthoftheAmericans.Hisgoalwasnottowin.“HisintentionsistobleedtheAmericanforcessobadthattheUnitedStatessuesforpeace.”ManyAmericanandJapanesetroopswerekilledorinjuredinOkinawa.Japaneseforcesfoughtfiercely.Somefoughttothedeath,refusingtosurrenderevenwhentheyknewtheycouldnotwin.ThiswasonereasonUSofficialsgavefortheirdecisiontodropatomicbombsonthecityofNagasakiandHiroshima.WarmingUpTodayonOkinawa,manyJapanesestillrememberthebattle.Thefightingcausedthedeathsofalmostone-thirdofthecivilianswholivedontheisland.SomeJapanesemilitaryareasarepreservedasmemorials.Manypeoplerememberorlearnedaboutthedeathsanddamageresultingfromthewar.ManyOkinawansarepacifists,andtheygatheroftentospeakagainstviolence.TheyareunhappyaboutthepresenceofAmericantroopsonOkinawa.AndtheyopposeeffortsbyconservativesinJapantostrengthenthecountry’smilitary.TextWarWar1Thepassengershadhadtostopatasmallstationinordertocontinuetheirjourneybythesmallold-fashionedlocaltrain.2Atdawn,abulkywomanindeepmourningwashoistedin–almostlikeashapelessbundle.Behindher,puffingandmoaning,followedherhusband–atinyman,thinandweakly,lookingshyanduneasy.3Havingatlasttakenaseathepolitelythankedthepassengerswhohadhelpedhiswifeandmaderoomforher.Thewifepulleduphercollaragaintohereyes,soastohideherface.Text4Andhefeltithisdutytoexplaintohistravelingcompanionsthatthewarwastakingawayfromherheronlyson,aboyof20towhombothhaddevotedtheirentirelife,evenallowinghimtovolunteerforwarandnow,allofasudden,receivingawiresayingthathewasduetoleaveinthreedays’timeandaskingthemtogoandseehimoff.5Thewomanunderthebigcoatwasfeelingcertainthatallthoseexplanationswouldnothavearousedevenashadowofsympathyfromthosepeoplewho–mostlikely–wereinthesameplightasherself.Oneofthemsaid:Text6“Whataboutme?Ihavetwosonsandthreenephewsatthefront.”7“Maybe,butinourcaseitisouronlyson,”venturedthehusband.8“Whatdifferencecanitmake?Youmayspoilyouronlysonbyexcessiveattentions,butyoucannotlovehimmorethanyouwouldallyourotherchildrenifyouhadany.Parentalloveisnotlikebreadthatcanbebrokentopiecesandsplitamongstthechildreninequalshares.IfIamsufferingnowformytwosons,Iamnotsufferinghalfforeachofthembutdouble...”9“True...true...”sighedtheembarrassedhusband,“butsupposeafatherhastwosonsatthefrontandhelosesoneofthem,thereisstillonelefttoconsolehim...while...”Text10“Yes,”answeredtheother,“asonlefttoconsolehimbutalsoasonleftforwhomhemustsurvive,whileinthecaseofthefatherofanonlysonifthesondiesthefathercandietooandputanendtohisdistress.”11“Nonsense,”interruptedanothertraveler,afat,red-facedmanwithbloodshoteyes.12Hewaspanting.Fromhisbulgingeyesseemedtospurtinnerviolenceofanuncontrolledvitalitywhichhisweakenedbodycouldhardlycontain.13“Dowegivelifetoourownchildrenforourownbenefit?”Text14Theothertravelersstaredathimindistress.Oneofthemsaid“Youareright.Ourchildrendonotbelongtous,theybelongtothecountry...”15“Bos