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一.结构:todo；(否定)nottodo二.时态与语态主动语态被动语态一般式进行式完成式完成进行式时态todotobedonetobedoingtohavedonetohavebeendonetohavebeendoing--------------------不定式及其用法主动提出应用于帮助失败(不能,没有)准备假装拒绝碰巧负担得起offerapplyhelpfailpreparepretendrefusehappenafford要求计划努力希望、愿意同意决定ask,demandplan,intend,meanmanage,do/tryone’sbest,makeanattemptwish,hope,desire,expect,long,want,wouldlike,shouldlike,wouldpreferagree,promisedecide,determine,choose,makeadecision,makeupone’smind1.Hestolesomethingeveryday_______(pay)forthebill.2.TeacherWangis_______(meet)usthisafternoon.3.Hetoldme_______(take)themtoashopinanearbystreet.4.Icontinued______(buy)cansfromthesamemanforaboutsixmonths.5.Howmanyofthembreakthelawinorder_______(pay)fortheirdrugs?topaytomeettotaketobuytopay语法填空练习一：用括号内动词的正确形式填空1.—Haveyouenjoyedyourvisithere?—Yes,I’llbeverysorry__________.(leave)2.Thelostchilddesirednothingbut_________home.(go)3.Thoselettersare___________tothecountrysiderightaway.(send)4.___________ourwishes,wemusttryourbesttoworkwell.(realize)toleavetogotobesentTorealize语法填空练习二：6.MrsSmithwarnedherdaughter_______________afterdrinking.(drive)7.I’msorry________________toturnoffthelightwhenIlefttheroom.(forget)8.Nowwecouldnotdoanythingbut_____forhimhere.(wait)9.Studentspretended(假装)______________whentheteachercameintotheclassroom.(read)10.Wedidn’texpectouroffer____________soquickly.(reject)nottodrivetohaveforgottenwaittobereadingtoberejected练习三：高考真题演练用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Shewishedthathewasaseasy32(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.(广东)1.toplease句中已有谓语waseasy，please应为非谓语动词；因在形容词后作状语，只能用动词不定式，故填toplease。toplease2.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.(广东)2.tohelp作目的状语，用动词不定式。tohelp3.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting______________(discover).(2010江西卷)3.tobediscovered。动词wait后习惯上接不定式；另外，actors与discover之间为被动关系，即“等着被发现”，故选不定式的被动式。tobediscovered4.Wewereastonished______(find)thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.(2010辽宁卷)4.tofind。beastonished后要接不定式表示原因。tofind5.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank________(buy)presentsformydad.(2010全国卷I)5.tobuy。“给父亲买礼物”是“从银行拿钱出来”的目的，作目的状语，用动词不定式。tobuy6.Hisfirstbook____________(publish)nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(2010陕西卷)6.tobepublished。根据句中的nextmonth可知是将出版，故要用不定式；又因为book与publish之间为被动关系，故要用不定式的被动式。tobepublished7.Ihavealotofreadings________(complete)beforetheendofthisterm.(2010山东卷)7.tocomplete。表示有事要做，用“have+宾语+不定式”结构，其中的不定式用作定语，修饰其前的名词。tocomplete8.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone____________(repair)firstisthelibrary.(2010重庆卷)8.toberepaired。表示首先要修理的那座建筑物，即表示未来，用动词不定式；又theone与repair是被动关系，故用不定式的被动式。toberepaired9.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant________(deal)with.(2010四川卷)10.todeal。在形容词easy,hard,difficult,pleasant等后作状语，用动词不定式，且习惯上要用主动形式表示被动含义。todeal10.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine_________(reduce)theoveruseofwaterinstudents’bathrooms.(2010上海卷)11.toreduce。不定式在此用作定语，修饰theonlyway。其实，theonlyway还有两个定语，一个是wecanimagine，另一个是toreducetheoveruseofwater…。toreduce考虑建议完成想象练习明白喜欢,欣赏错过,怀念阻止禁止considersuggest,advisefinish,completeimagine,fancypractiseunderstandappreciate,enjoymisspreventforbid,prohibit,ban避免包括原谅讨论报道承认介意冒险忍受escapeIncludeforgive,pardon,excusediscussreportadmitmindriskstand,bear,endure,putupwith想要坚持推迟放弃忙于值得feellikeinsiston,persistin,sticktodelay,putoffgiveup,quitbebusyinbeworth