了不起的盖茨比

TheGreatGatsbyF.ScottFitzgeraldAspokesmanofthe“JazzAge”TheGreatGatsbyArrangement1.Background2.Fitzgerald3.TheGreatGatsbyPlotlineCharacterAnalysisThemeSymbolsBackground-------------------------1920s-------------------------TheFirstWorldWar;ThesenseoflifebeingdislocatedandfragmentedEconomicboomSocialrevelutionThelossoffaith-------------------------1930s-------------------------TheGreatDepressionJazzAge&TheRoaring1920’sTheJazzAgedescribestheperiodofthe1920sand1930s.The1920sbeganwithhighhopes.WorldWarOnewasover.ThetwentiesendedwithahugedropinstockmarketpricesthatbegantheGreatDepression.Fitzgeraldwasarepresentativeoftheyearsoffastlivinginbetween.Thenation'svalueshadchangedinthisperiod.ManyAmericanswereconcernedmainlywithhavingagoodtimeanddoingwhatyouwill.Americansocietyenjoyedunprecedentedlevelsofprosperity.Peoplebrokethelawbydrinkingalcoholandlivedinacorruptsociety.Theydancedtojazzmusic,andwomenworeshortskirts.JazzAgeThenovelistF.ScottFitzgeraldcoinedtheterm“JazzAge”retrospectivelytorefertothedecadeafterWorldWarⅠandbeforethestockmarketcrashin1929,duringwhichAmericansembarkeduponwhathecalled“thegaudiest（最华而不实的）spreeinhistory”.TheLostGenerationGertrudeStein----HemingwayThelostgenerationincludedtheyoungEnglishandAmericanexpatriatesaswellasmenandwomencaughtinthewarandcutfromtheoldvalueandyetunabletocometotermswiththenewerawhencivilizationshadgonemad.Thesewritersadoptedunconventionalstyleofwritingandreactedagainstthetendenciesoftheoldwritersinthe1920s.Ofhisowntime,Fitzgeraldsaid:Thereseemednoquestionaboutwhatwasgoingtohappen.Americawasgoingonthegreatestpartyinitshistoryandtherewasgoingtobeplentytotellabout.Yetifhedescribedonlytheparty,hiswritingswouldhavebeenforgottenwhenthepartyended.FrancisScottFitzgerald(1896-1940)Americannovelistandshort-storywriter,isborninSt.Paul,Minnesota.Bornofmiddle-classparents,Fitzgeraldattendedprivateschools,enteringPrincetonin1913.HebecamepartoftheTriangleClub,aintellectualsetanddevelopingareputation.Hewasplacedonacademicprobation(留校察看)inhisjunioryear,andin1917heleftPrincetontojointhearmy.WhilestationedinMontgomery,Alabama,hemetandfellinlovewithZeldaSayre(泽尔达·塞尔),thedaughteroflocaljudge.Duringthattime,hebeganworkingonhisfirstnovel,TheSideOfParadise.Publishedin1920,thenovelwasaninstantsuccessandbroughthimenoughmoneytomarryZeldathatsameyear.TheyoungcouplemovedtoNewYorkCity,wheretheybecamenotoriousfortheirmadcap（鲁莽的，狂妄的）lifestyle.Thecharm,glowandthepathosoftheirflamboyant（炫耀的）lifetogetherhadbeenaninspirationforFitzgerald.Butthecouplewerealsofightingeachotherallthetime.Zeldabegantohavebreakdown,andhadtobeputinamentalinstitution（精神病院）.Thisoccurredintheearlythirties--itwasatragictime.FitzgeraldhadtowritehardertoearnmoremoneytosendZeldatothebestmentalhospitalandtheirdaughter,Scottie,tothebestandmostfashionableschool.Threethingseventuallycombinedtobreakhimdown:loneliness,alcoholandtheawarenessthathewasdissipatinghistalent.In1940,attheageof44,hedied,offrustration.Commissionedasa2ndlieutenantinWWIJune1918-assignednearMontegomery,Al.Fellinlovewith18yearoldZeldaSayre,dischargedin1919-wenttoN.YtoseekfortuneinordertomarryZelda.Zelda-inlovewithFitzgerald-wouldnotmarryhimunlesshewaswealthyFitzgeraldwrotenovelThisSideofParadise&gotitpublished.BegantopublishstoriesinTheSaturdayEveningPost&withpublicationofParadise,Fitzgeraldfoundovernightsuccess.F.Scott&ZeldaaftertheirweddingMarriedZeldaandbegananextravagant&wildlifestylelivedinN.Y.&wrote2ndnovel,TheBeautifulandTheDamned,1sttriptoEuropethensettledinSt.PaulwhereFrancesScott(Scottie),theironlychildwasborn1922-movedtoGreatNeck,LongIsland-drinkingincreasedforbothFitzgeraldsbutF.Scottwrotesober-apainstakingreviserWroteinaclear,lyrical,colorful,wittystyle2ndmajorthemeismutabilityorlossBecameassociatedwith“TheJazzAge”.“Itwasanageofmiracles,itwasanageofart,itwasanageofexcess,anditwasanageofsatire”WenttoFrancein‘24andwroteTheGreatGatsby-publishedin1925TheGreatGatsby-strikingadvanceinFitzgerald’stechnique-complexstructure&controllednarativepointofview-criticalpraisebutdisappointingsales.InParis,metHemingway,anexpatriate,&stayedinParistil1926Zelda’sbehaviorbecameincreasinglyeccentricin1930shesufferedher1stbreakdown.Fitzgeraldwroteshortstoriestopayforherdoctor’sfees1932Zeldahadrelapse&spentrestofherlifein&outofsanitariums.1934,Fitzgeraldpublishedhis4thnovel,TenderistheNight-acommercialfailure1937-FitzgeraldwenttoHollywoodalonewithacontractfromMGM,eventuallyearning$1,250/wk.DiedofaheartattackonDec.21,1940Zeldadiedinfireinahospitalin1948F.ScottFitzgeralddiedbelievinghimselfafailure.Obituarieswerecondescending&heseemeddestinedforliteraryobscurityThisSideOfParadise《人间天堂》FlappersAndPhilosopher《时髦女和哲学家》TheBeautifulAndTheDamned《美丽与诅咒》TheGreatGatsby《了不起的盖茨比》TenderIsTheNight《夜色温柔》TheGreatGatsbyPlotOverview—Gatsbyisapooryouth—fallinlovewithDaisy,awealthygirl—nomoney—Daisymarriedtoarichman—bootlegging（非法制造私酒）,“shady”activities—enoughmoney,dazzlingparties—alluringDaisy—meetagain,notquitetheidealloveofhisdream—asenseofloss—Daisykillsawoman