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O.HenryInitiatorofmodernAmericanshortstoryteller.LifeExperience•TruenameisWilliamSidneyPorter.•bornatGreensboro,NorthCarolinaonSeptember11,1862.•3,hismotherdiedandhewasbroughtupbyhisaunt.•TheCivilWarwasjustoverduringPorterboyhooddays,andtimeswereveryhardintheSouth.•Hespentallofhisfreetimereadingbooks,Life•Becauseofpoorhealth,hewenttoTaxesforfifteenyearsofhislife.•Hedidvariousjobs,beingabookkeeper,adrugstoreclerk.•,hefellinlovewithAtholEstes,becauseofthedisapprovalofherfamily,theyeloped•Inthesameyearhesoldhisfirstwriting.•TheyoungcoupledidnotmakeoutwellfinanciallyatfirstuntilPortersecuredapositionasaclerkinabank.•Life•in1897hewasaccusedofembezzlingmoneyandfledtoHondurastoavoidarrest.•HiswifebecameillduringhisabsenceandhereturnedsecretlytotheUnitedStates.•Hiswifediedandhewasbrokenbygrief.•FinallyhewasarrestedandsentencedtofiveyearsintheOhioprison.•Inordertokilltimeintheprison,hebegantowritediligently.Life•Duetohisgoodconducthewasdismissedafteraboutthreeyears,•andwentofftoPittsburghtostartanewlife.•39,heworkedasajournalistforthePittsburghDispatchnewspaperforawhileand•thendriftedontoNewYorkwherehemetwell-knownmenoftheliteraryworld.•Hiswritingcametodrawtheattentionofthepublicandhequicklybecamepopular.•.Life•Fromthattimeonhewasawealthyman.•Helivedluxuriouslyanddrankheavily•45,heremarried.•Hewasneverastrongmanphysicallyandhisexcitinglifefinallyworehimoutbeforehistime.•Hediedattheageofforty-eightonJune3,1910.•Analcoholic,hediedvirtuallypenniless.LiteraryCareer•hepublishedover300storiesandgainedworldwideacclaimasAmerica'sfavoriteshortstorywriter.•TheFourMillion•theOHenryMemorialAwardsMainworks:CabbagesandKings《白菜与国王》TheFourMillion《四百万》TheGiftoftheMagi《麦琪的礼物》HeartoftheWest《西部之心》TheVoiceoftheCity《市声》TheCopandtheAnthem《警察与赞美诗》TextATheLastLeafO.HenryTheLastLeafAboutthestory•Place:inastreetcrowdedwithpoorartists•Time:incoldNovember•Characters:Sue，Johnsy(whosufferedfromPneumoniaandonthevergeofdying)Mr.Behrman(anoldartist)•Event:“They’refallingfasternow.Threedaysagotherewerealmostahundred.Itmademyheadachetocountthem.Butnowit’seasy.Theregoesanotherone.Thereareonlyfiveleftnow”.•“Leaves.Ontheivyvine.WhenthelastonefallsImustgo,too.”•Theivytreewasstillthere.•JohnsyandSueareartistswhomoveintoGreenwichVillageinNewYorkCity.AsWinterapproachesandtheweathergetscolder,Johnsybecomesillwithpneumonia.Shegetssosickthatshebelievesthatwhenthelastleaffallsfromthevineoutsideherwindow,shewilldie.Anoldartist,namedBehrman,wholivesinthesamebuildingasthegirls,bravesastormonenighttopaintaleafonthewall—aleafthatwillneverfall.Coldandwetfrompaintingintheicyrain,hecatchespneumoniaanddies.ThisgivesJohnsythehopetosurviveherillness,anditalsocreatesthemasterpieceBehrmanhadalwaysdreamedofpainting•Ending:Johnsywasoutofdanger,whileMr.Behrmandiedofpneumoniainthehospital.•“Lookoutthewindow,dear,atthelastivyleafonthewall.Didn’tyouwonderwhyitneverflutteredormovedwhenthewindblew?Ah,darling,it’sBehrman’smasterpiece—hepaintedittherethenightthatthelastleaffell.”AServiceofLove•Joe:lovedrawingverymuch•Delia:lovemusic•BothwenttotheNorthtofurthertheirstudyandtheymetandfellinloveandgotmarried.•Buttheyweresoonthrownintopoverty.•Inordertosupportthefamily,Deliabegantoteachthestudentsinawealthyfamily.•Joebegantoworkveryhardandsellhispaintings.•Butatlastitturnedoutthatbothofthemwereworkinghardinthesameplace.AServiceofLove•“Icouldn'tgetanypupils.”Sheconfessed.“AndIcouldn’tbeartohaveyougiveupyourlessons;andIgotaplaceironingshirtsinthatbigTwenty-fourthlaundry.”•“Ihadbeenfiringengineinthatlaundryforthelasttwoweeks.”TheFurnishedRoomSubjectmatter•lifeoftheunderdogs:peoplewhoaredefeatedinthebattleoflife,esp.theself-sacrificingmemberofthefamily.•CharactersofordinarypeopleWhatimpressiondoestheendingleaveyou?Style•1.unexpected,yetbelievableending.•Famousforhisdistinctivegiftinmakingasurprisingbutlogical,unexpectedyetbelievableending.•2.Hispeculiarhumor:humorousyettearful•3.O.HenrywrotewithrealisticdetailbasedonhisfirsthandexperiencesbothinTexasandinNewYorkCity.•AppreciationofTheCopandtheAnthem•Quiz:•1.Soapywantedtospendhiswholelifeintheprisonbecausetherefoodandboardingwasnotaproblem.•2.SoapywouldliketostayintheprisonratherthanacceptthehelpfromPhilanthropy.•3.Inordertobecaughtbythepolice,Soapytrieddifferentways.•4.Soapyhadthedeliciousdinnerinaglitteringcafé.•5.ThewomanSoapyflirtedinfactwasawhore.AppreciationofTheCopandtheAnthem•6.ThemanSoapystoletheumbrellafromwasalsonottherealowner.•7.Soapybrokeashopwindowandthereforewasbeatenbytheshopkeeper.•8.ThepolicemanwasfrightenedbySoapy,sonoonedaredtoarresthim.•9.Soapyatlastsuccessfullyrealizedhisgoalandhewasveryhappy.•10.Soapywasmovedbythebeautifulmusicinthechurchandhemadehismindtostartanewlife.两位感恩节的绅士•九年来，穷人斯塔夫.皮特每逢感恩节就会不早不迟地坐在联邦广场喷水泉对面人行道的第三条长凳上。因为九年来，每逢感恩节，总会有个又高又瘦的老先生到这来寻找他，然后把他带到同一个餐馆里，看他美餐一顿。然而今年皮特却不一点也不饿。因为，刚刚他已经被两位家系古老，尊重传统的老太太请去，饱饱地吃了一顿。这两位老太太有个传统，每年感恩节她们都会派一个仆人在侧门口等着，吩咐他在正中午把第一个饥饿的过路人请进来，让他大吃大喝，饱餐一顿。皮特去公园时，碰巧路过，成全了她们的传统。以前每次听到老先生说“假如你愿意跟我一起来，朋友，我准备请你吃顿饭，让你的身心取得协调。”时，斯塔夫觉得比像音乐一样美妙，而今天他却愁眉苦脸，眼泪汪汪得抬头看着老先生的脸。他已经吃得太饱了，连呼吸都很困难了。然而当他看到老人眼里闪出