搜索
CapitalCanberraLargestcitySydneyOfficiallanguagesEnglishDemonymAustralian,AussieGovernmentParliamentarydemocracyandconstitutionalmonarchy-MonarchQueenElizabethII-Governor-GeneralMichaelJeffery-PrimeMinisterKevinRudd26thPrimeMinisterofAustraliaElections:2007NationalFlag(1953)bluewiththeflagoftheUKintheupperhoist-sidequadrantandalargeseven-pointedstarinthelowerhoist-sidequadrant;theremaininghalfisarepresentationoftheSouthernCrossconstellation(theemblemoftheGreatSouthland)inwhitewithonesmallfive-pointedstarandfour,larger,seven-pointedstars旗地为深蓝色，左上方是红、白“米”字，“米”字下面为一颗较大的白色七角星。旗地右边为五颗白色的星，其中一颗小星为五角，其余均为七角。澳大利亚为英联邦成员国，英国女王为澳大利亚的国家元首。国旗的左上角为英国国旗图案，表明澳大利亚与英国的传统关系。一颗最大的七角星象征组成澳大利亚联邦的六个州和联邦区（北部地区和首都直辖区）。五颗小星代表南十字星座（是南天小星座之一，星座虽小，但明亮的星很多）。为“南方大陆”之意，表明该国处于南半球。澳大利亚国徽左边是一袋鼠，右边是一只鸸鹋，这两种动物均为澳大利亚所特有，是国家的标志，民族的象征，中间是一个盾，盾面上有六组图案分别象征这个国家的六个州。红色的圣乔治十字形（十字上有一只狮子、四颗星），象征新南威尔士州；王冠下的南十字形星座代表维多利亚州；蓝色的马耳他十字形代表昆士兰州；伯劳鸟代表南澳大利亚州；黑天鹅象征西澳大利亚州；红色狮子象征塔斯马尼亚州。盾形上方为一枚象征英联邦国家的七角星。周围饰以澳国花金合欢，底部的绶带上用英文写着“澳大利亚”。GeographyGreatBarrierReefWhenyou'reunderwaterintheGreatBarrierReefit'slikenothingelseintheworldGeographicalStructureThreetopographicalregions:theGreatWesternPlateau,theEasternHighlands,andthecentralLowlands.---theoutback：usuallyrefertotheinteriorandthecenteroftheWesternPlateauanditsnorthernplains---theRedCenter:anareawithred-brownandtansoilsintheheartofthecountry.---theGreatWesternPlateau:avastuplandmadeofancientrock;alandratherflatandabout300metersabovesealevel,theinterioroftheplateaumadeupoftheGreatSandyDesert,theGibsonDesert,theGreatVictoriaDesertandtheNullarborPlain.---theEasternHighlands:theGreatDivingRangeAyresRockAboriginals(阿波利基尼人)In1788,theAboriginalpopulationofAustraliawasbetween150,000and300,000.Today,lessthanone-thirdofthenativepopulationlivesasnomads.Manynon-tribalAboriginesliveonsupervisedreservations,andlargenumbersliveamongthewhiteAustraliansorareemployedasstockmenoncattleranches.NewSouthWalestheoldestoftheAustralianstates;thePremierState©Sydney,thecapitalcityAustralianCapitalTerritoryCanburryisanAboriginalwordformeetingplaceDiscussion:ShouldtheUnionflag(UnionJack)betakenoutoftheNationalflagofAustralia?NewZealandTheLandoftheLongWhiteCloudCapitalWellingtonLargestcityAucklandOfficiallanguagesEnglish(98%Māori(4.2%)DemonymNewZealander,Kiwi(colloquial)GovernmentParliamentarydemocracyandConstitutionalmonarchy-HeadofStateHMQueenElizabethII-Governor-GeneralAnandSatyanand-PrimeMinisterHelenClarkNewZealand旗地为深蓝色，左上方为英国国旗红、白色的“米”字图案，右边有四颗镶白边的红色五角星，四颗星排列均不对称。新西兰是英联邦成员国，红、白“米”字图案表明同英国的传统关系；四颗星表示南十字星座，表明该国位于南半球，同时还象征独立和希望。TheMakingofNewZealandI.sizeandlocationA.Location:intheSouthernPacific,halfwaybetweentheequatorandtheSouthPoleB.Size:twomainislands:NorthIsland,SouthIsland;athirdsmallisland,liestothesouthofSouthIsland.C.NewZealandisjustwestoftheInternationalDateLine,soitisthefirstcountrytogetthenewday.ThekiwiThekiwiisanationalsymbolandNewZealandersrefertothemselvesasKiwis.MaoriswellingtonElements