定语从句课件1

TheAttributiveclause一、概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(在句子中作定语)(Attributiveclause)HarryPorterisasmartboy.HarryPorterisaboywhohasmagicpower.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰boy,叫做定语从句Don'tgiveupthethingsthatbelongtoyou先行词关系代词定语从句Hospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.先行词关系副词定语从句☆被定语从句限定的词是_______，引导定语从句的词叫做________或_________。“先行词”“关系代词”“关系副词”HeisanEnglishteacherwholikessingingsongs.定语从句先行词引导词引导词关系代词who﹑whom﹑that﹑which﹑whose、as关系副词:where﹑when﹑whyJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethemachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethat/which关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.that/who/whomThegirl注意避免重复TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语)Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.④whose作定语从句的定语(whose既可以指人，也可以指物).Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语Ihaveabookwhosecoverisyellow.主语宾语定语指人whothatwhom（优先）whothatwhose（ofwhom）指物WhichthatWhichthatWhose(ofwhich)指人和物thatthatwhose（一）引导定语从句的关系代词定语从句三步法：1.找出先行词2.看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（作什么成分？主语、宾语、定语或状语）3.选择合适的关系词关系代词1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）ThemanItalkedwithisourteacher.Apersonstealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)ThemanItalkedtoisMr.Li.ThemanItalkedisMr.Li.(who)who(whom/who)towhom关系代词3.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookcoverisred.Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanbagwasstolen.whosewhose4.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省)Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?Aplaneisamachinecanfly.(主语)TheletterIreceivedwasfrommyfather.（宾语）Idon’tlikethepeople___talktoomuchbutdolittle.1.that人或物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)whothat(that)Theearthisround,___weallknow.___isknowntoall,theearthisroundasAs定语从句在句首时只能用as,as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的as的使用Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook_____wealllike.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。定语从句as的使用1.Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage,_____hasbeensaidbefore.which2___everyonehoped,Maryhaswonthefirstprize.Asas引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如，好像。，which则没有此义。as的使用(抢答)Letmetry!Letmetry!指出下面各个定语从句中的先行词、关系词。1.Theboywho/thatbrokethewindowiscalledJack.2.Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtojustnowisMr.Li.3.Thecar(that/which)heboughtyesterdayisasecond-handone.4.Harryistheboywhosefatherisourmathsteacher.5.Weliveinahousewhosewindowopenstothesouth.(抢答)Letmetry!Letmetry!在下列定语从句中关系代词只能用that1.当先行词为everything,nothing,something,anything,little,few,much,theone等不定代词时。如：Thisbookcontainsmuch/littlethatisuseful.这本书中有很多/没有多少有用的东西。Imeantheonethatwasboughtyesterday.我指的是昨天买的那个。2.当先行词被all,each,few,much,every,no,some,any等不定代词修饰时。如：Ihavereadallthebook(that)yougaveme.我把你给我的书都看了。Therearesomejobs(that)mencan'tdoverywell.有些工作男人无法做好。3.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如：Thisisthefirstfilm(that)IhaveseensinceIcamehere.这是我到这里以来所看的第一部电影。Thisisthebiggestapple(that)Ihaveevereaten.这是我所吃过的苹果中最大的一个。4.先行词既指人又指物时。如：Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschools(that)wehadvisited.我们访问过的老师和参观过的学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。5.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时。如：Maryistheonlyfriend(that)IhaveinAustralia.玛丽是我在澳大利亚唯一的朋友。Sheistheverythief(that)thepolicemanislookingfor.她就是警察正在寻找的那个小偷。ThelastplacetheyvisitedwastheSummerPalace.他们最后参观的地方是颐和园。6.先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。如：Thisisadictionarythatwillhelpyoualot.这是本对你很有帮助的字典。Don'tcheatme.I'mnolongertheboythatIwasthreeyearsago.别骗我了，我再也不是三年前的我了。which引导的非限制性定语从句。Ihavelostmypen,whichIlikeverymuch.Shewasawardedagoldmedal,whichthewholefamilyconsideredagreathonor.Sheisalwayslateforclass,whichmakestheteacherangry.(必答)Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose.1.Theearthquake___________hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.that/which2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople________