TheSkillsofTranslationinPartBPartB中“三问”的翻译技巧PartBRolePlay角色扮演(三问五答)三问:1.电脑中文呈现问题1(20seconds)学生翻译_______________________________(10seconds)电脑回答此问题2.电脑中文呈现问题2(20seconds)学生翻译________________________________(10seconds)电脑回答此问题3.电脑中文呈现问题3(20seconds)学生翻译________________________________(10seconds)电脑回答此问题翻译问题!!!绝不是回答问题!!!ThewordorderbetweenChineseandEnglishisverydifferent!!Chinese:1.Wordorder语序我吃吗?(疑问句)我吃?(反问句)我吃吧!(感叹句)我吃了。(陈述句)WordOrder语序Chinese:我吃吗?(疑问句)我吃?(反问句)我吃吧!(感叹句)我吃了。(陈述句)陈述语序:主语+谓语时态?不具体体现WordOrder语序English:语序陈述语序疑问语序疑问句:(语序、时态、语调)我吃吗?(一般现在时)我吃吗?(一般过去时)我吃吗?(一般将来时)我该吃什么?DoIeat?DidIeat?WillIeat?{WhatshouldIeat?所以,千万不要写中式英语!!!翻译问句常见的错误1.句子中的词汇或表达错误。2.错用疑问词,特别是How+adj.HowisMr.Smith?Howdoyoulikeit?你怎么想的?Howoftendoesthetrainrun?Howfarisyourschoolfromhome?--howlongdidyoustaythere?--Westayedtherefortwodays.Howlongisthetunnel?Iamstarving.Howsoonwillthesupperisready?3.特殊疑问词的选择错误。4.be、助动词或情态动词的漏用或误用(themostdifficultpoint)(vocabulary)问身体或事情进展情况问想法问频率,“多久一次”问多长时间问物体长度问距离“多远”意为“还有多久”英语疑问句的种类有4种:1.一般疑问句Doyouthisfood?Doesittastesgood?2.特殊疑问句What’syourfavouritefruit?Howmanykindsoffoodarethere?3.选择疑问句Whichonedoyoulikebetter,thefishorthevegetable?Doyoulikefishorvegetable?4.反意疑问句Thefishtastesgood,doesn’tit?(一)一般疑问句(升调)(1)Be+主语+...?例:Arethosebooksonthedesk?(2)Do/Does/Did+主语+谓语+...?例:DoyoulikeEnglish?(3)情态动词+主语+谓语+...?例:MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?(4)Have/Has+主语+过去分词+...?例:Hashefinishedhishomework?一般疑问句的常见句型有以下四种:一般疑问句结构:be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+(谓语)+其他由于在翻译“三问”时,句子常有错误,特别是be动词、助动词和情态动词的漏用或误用,为了正确翻译,我们可以先写出要翻译的句子的陈述句,再转变为疑问句。陈述句变一般疑问句陈述句变一般疑问句规则三类词:be动词、助动词have/has/had、情态动词1.句子谓语动词中有三类词,把三类词移到主语前面。2.句子谓语动词中没有三类词,在主语前面添加Do/Did/Does,并把句子的动词变成原形。陈述句变一般疑问句Eg.1.Heissoclever.________soclever?2.Wecanflytothemoononeday.______________tothemoononeday?3.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomework._________________theirhomework?4.Johnfeelshappy._____________happy?IsheCanyou/weflyHavetheyfinishedDoesJohnfeel1.康龙是在专心听写吗?KangLongisconcentratingonthedictation.IsKangLongconcentratingonthedictation?2.基龙在听写前有没有教过盈盈呢?JiLonghadtaughtYingYingbeforethedictation.HadJiLongtaughtYingYingbeforethedictation?3.听写的时候能我们能作弊吗?Canwecheatinthedictation?4.伟钊有进步了吗?WeiZhaomakesprogress.DoesWeiZhaomakeprogress?dictation1.能否谈谈你的家庭情况?Could/Canyousaysomethingaboutyourfamily?2.你认为朋友在你生命中重要吗?Youthinkfriendsareimportantinyourlife?Doyouthinkfriendsplayanimportantpartinyourlife?3.你有没有试过上网购物?Youhaveevertriedonlineshopping/shoppingonline.Haveyouevertriedonlineshopping/shoppingonline.4.你的名字有什么特殊的意义吗?Yournamehas(some)specialmeaning.Doesyournamehaveanyspecialmeaning?高考真题1.你有很多空闲时间旅游吗?(2017A)Didyouhavealotoffreetimefortraveling?2.你认为机器人有一天会取代人类吗?(2017B)Doyouthinkthatrobotswillreplacehumansoneday?3.年幼的孩子比年长的孩子更幸运吗?(2016A)Areyoungerchildrenluckierthantheelderchildren?4.你做过这个话题的研究吗?(2015A)Haveyoudonetheresearchaboutthetopic?sparetotraveltaketheplaceof二、特殊疑问句以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:what,who,whose,which,when,where,how,why等。特殊疑问句有两种语序:陈述语序:提问主语时即:疑问词(主语)+谓语动词+其他成分。Eg.Whoissingingintheroom?Whosebookisonthisdesk?疑问语序:提问除主语外的其他成分时即:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句Eg.Whenwillyougo?Whatclassareyouin?步骤:A.先写出特殊疑问词+陈述句B.把后面的陈述句变成一般疑问句为什么天睿这么开心呢?WhyisTianRuisohappy?梓鸿乱七八糟的桌子上有什么呢?WhatisinZiHong’smessydesk?班长给我们树立了什么榜样?Whatexampledoesthemonitorsetforus?我们什么时候卖掉这些瓶子好呢?Whenwillwesellthesebottles?1.吸烟为何有害健康?WhyWhyissmokingharmfultoourhealth?2.你多久看一次电影?Howoftendoyougotoseeafilm?3.你游览过哪些地方?Whatplaceshaveyouevertravelledto?4.如何申请发明专利?Howcanpeopleapplyforapatent?smokingisharmfultoourhealth?1.我们在劳动课中很认真完成任务。Wefinishedthetaskseriouslyinourlabourclassyesterday.一般疑问句:_______________________________Who______________________________________How_______________________________________When______________________________________finishedthetaskseriouslyinyourlaborclassyesterday?didyoufinishthetaskinyourlaborclassyesterday?didyoufinishthetaskseriouslyinyourlaborclass?Didyoufinishthetaskseriouslyinourlaborclassyesterday?提问主语:陈述语序;提问其他成分:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序。高考真题1.如果我们被机器人取代了该怎么办?(2017B)Whatcanwedoifrobotstakeplaceofus?Whatcanwedoifrobotsreplacehumans?2.你有什么建议给家长呢?(2017C)Whatisyouradviceforparents?Whatsuggestionsdoyouhaveforparents?Whatadvicewouldyouliketogiveparents?3.那个医生是如何帮助你的?(2017D)Howdidthedoctorhelpyou?4.你现在更喜欢在哪儿过春节呢?(2015E)WheredoyouprefertospendtheSpringFestival?WheredoyoulikemoretospendtheSpringFestival?Summary总结为了在“三问”的翻译中准确使用be动词、助动词和情态动词,我们可以:•翻译一般疑问句:A.快速写出该句子的陈述句B.再变成一般疑问句。•翻译特殊疑问句:提问主语时,陈述语序;提问除主语外的其他成分时:疑问语序A.先写出特殊疑问词+陈述句B.把特殊疑问词后面的陈述句变成一般疑问句Thankyou!!Homework2016BQ1:你12岁时,学校是怎样的?Howwastheschoolwhenyouweretwelve?Whatwastheschoollikewhenyouweretwelve?Q2:你认为体育活动将是一样的吗?Doyouthinkthatsportswillbethesame?Q3:最大的变化会是什么?Whatwillthebiggestchangebe?greatest2016CQ1:那是什么意思呢?Whatdoesthatmean?Whatdoyoumean?Q2:作为老师,你怎样使用这个系统?Howdidyouusethesystemasateacher?Q3:学生们喜欢这种交作业的方式吗?Didthestudentslikethewaytohandinhomework?submitassignments2016DQ1:你做什么让观众大笑?Whatdoyoudotolettheaudience[ˈɔ:diəns]laugh?Q2:你是怎么成为一个喜剧演员的?Howdidyoubecomeacomedian[kəˈmi:diən]?Q3:有什么成功的秘诀吗?Doyouhaveanysecretstosuccess?Whatsecretstosuccessdoyouhave?made2016EQ1:你从课程中学到了什么?Whatdoyoulearnfro