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Unit1GreatScientistsWarmingUpTherearesomegreatscientificachievementsthathavechangedtheworld.Canyounamesomeofthem?Whatkindofroledotheyplayinthefieldofscience?Dotheseachievementshaveanythingincommon?Matchtheinventionswiththeirinventorsbelowbeforeyouanswerallthesequestions.Doyouknow?•Whodiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat?•Whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged?ArchimedesCharlesDarwin•Whoinventedthefirststeamengine?ThomasNewcomen•Whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren?GregorMendel•Whodiscoveredradium?•Whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities?•Whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople?MariesCurieThomasEdisonLeonardodaVinci•Whoinventedalamptokeepminersafeunderground?•Whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened?•Whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes?SirHumphreyDavyZhangHengStephenHawkingDoyouknowwhodefeated“KingCholera”?JohnSnowJohnSnowisawell-knowndoctorinthe19thcenturyinLondonandhedefeated“KingCholera”.Doyouknowwhatkindofdiseaseischolera?Itisakindofterriblediseasecausedbydrinkingdirtywateranditcausedalotofdeathsintheoldtimesanditwasverydifficulttodefeat.Whenwewanttosolvesomeproblem.Firstweshouldfindtheproblem,dosomeresearchonit,proveyourfinding,andthenmakeaconclusion.Thisisascientificandobjectivewayofresearching.1.Whatorderwouldyouputthesevenin?Pre-readingfindaproblemmakeaquestionThinkofamethodCollectresultsAnalyzetheresultsFindsupportingevidenceDrawaconclusionPleaseputthe7stagesinrightorderaccordingtothepassage.Let’sgettoknowhowDr.JohnSnowdefeated“KingCholera”in1854inLondoninthisreadingpassage:JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Skimming•Readthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened.•----JohnSnowbegantotestthetwotheories.•----AnoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854•----JohnSnowmarkedthedeathsonamap•----Heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease•----JohnSnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere•----KingCholerawasdefeated•----Hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump•----Hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump21473856CarefulReading•Task1:•Whathappenedin1854?•Howmanypeoplediedin10days?•WhyistherenodeathatNo.20and21BroadStreetaswellasatNo.8and9CambridgeStreet?CholeraoutbreakhitLondon.500ThesefamilieshadnotdrunkthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpump.Task2:Readandanswer1Whycouldn’tthecholerabeundercontrolatfirst?2WhichtheorydidJohnSnowbelievein?3JohnSnowfinallyprovedthetheoryhebelievedby________.A.gatheringinformationwiththehelpofamapB.lookingintothesourceofthewaterforBroadStreetandCambridgeStreetC.Separatingthosewhosufferedcholerafromthosewhodidn’tD.BothAandB4What’stheextraevidence?5Topreventthecholerafromspreadingagain,whatdidJohnSnowdo?6.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.B.ThecauseofCholerawaspollutedwater.C.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexamined.D.HowdidJohnSnowcollect,analyzedataandfindthecauseofthediseaseandsolvedit.1Whycouldn’tthecholerabeundercontrolatfirst?2WhichtheorydidJohnSnowbelievein?Neitheritscause,notitscurewasunderstood.Peopleabsorbedcholeraintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.3JohnSnowfinallyprovedthetheoryhebelievedby________.A.gatheringinformationwiththehelpofamapB.lookingintothesourceofthewaterforBroadStreetandCambridgeStreetC.separatingthosewhosufferedcholerafromthosewhodidn’tD.bothAandB4What’stheextraevidence?Awomanandherdaughterwholivedfarawaybutdrankthewateralsodied.5Topreventthecholerafromspreadingagain,whatdidJohnSnowdo?•Hesuggestedthatthesourceofallwatersuppliesbeexaminedandinstructedthewatercompaniesnottoexposepeopletothepollutedwateranymore.6What’sthemainideaofthepassage?•A.JohnSnowwasawell-knowndoctorinLondon.•B.ThecauseofCholerawaspollutedwater.•C.Thesourceofalldrinkingwatershouldbeexamined.•D.HowdidJohnSnowcollect,analyzedataandfindthecauseofthediseaseandsolvedit.JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Thepassageiswrittenasareportofanexperimentandthereare7steps:1.Findaproblem:(发现问题)2.Makeupaquestion:(形成研究主题)3.Thinkofamethod:(找出研究方法)4.Collectresults:(收集材料)5.Analyseresults:(分析材料)6.Repeatifnecessary:(必要时重新分析)7.Drawaconclusion:(得出结论)MindMapofthetextJohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”Paragraph1:IntroductionofJohnSnowandCholeraParagraph2:TwotheoriesFindaProblem:Whatcausethecholera?Makeaquestion:Whichisright?Paragraph3-5:Studyofthebreakoutin1854Paragraph3:Studyofthebreakoutin1854Thinkofamethod:TesttwotheoriesCollecttheresult:MarkthedeathAnalysetheresult:ReasonfordeathandnodeathParagraph4:Studyofthebreakoutin1854Paragraph5:Studyofthebreakoutin1854Analysetheresult:FindtheresourceofthewaterFindsupportingevidence:Awomanandherdaughterwholivedfarawaybutdrankthewateralsodied..Drawaconclusion:CholerawasspreadbygermPollutedwatercarriedvirusParagraph6:PreventionofCholeraJohnSnowdefeatKingCholeraReadthepassageagainandfillintheblanks:JohnSnowwasawell-known____inLondoninthe___century.Hewantedtofindthe______ofcholerainorderto______it.In1854whenacholera____out,hebegantogatherinformation.He_____onamapwhereallthedead