无溶剂法合成硅油磷酸醋盐及其性能研究应用化学王永刚葛启教授刘燕军助理研究员二00二年十二月天津工业大学硕士毕业论文摘要本论文率先在国内采用无溶剂法合成了多种不同结构的聚醚硅油磷酸酷盐(PK),并对原料、中间体及产物性能做了细致分析。首先,根据前人的研究,合成出多种不同结构烯丙基聚醚(AP),并对其物化性能进行分析;其次,在无溶剂条件下,利用添加剂,抑制硅氢加成的副反应、提高反应的转化率;研究不同含氢量的含氢硅油(SH)和不同分子量的烯丙基聚醚硅氢化的条件,确定最佳硅氢化工艺,进而合成出系列聚醚硅油(GM),并对硅氢化反应转化率的评价方法作了补充;最后,在无溶剂条件下,研究磷酸醋化反应的条件,确定较佳磷酸酷化工艺,合成出系列聚醚硅油磷酸酷盐(PK),并对其系列应用性能进行测试,得到其结构与性能之间的关系。在完成课题的过程中,综合运用化学方法和现代分析测试仪器,分析了原料、中间体以及产物的分子结构信息。利用化学滴定法跟踪硅氢化反应中Si一H键和C=C双键浓度的变化,确定反应转化率;应用IR谱图、29SiNMR谱图和GPC分析结果对烯丙基聚醚(AP)、含氢硅油(SH)、聚醚硅油(GM)的分子结构和分子量进行测定。通过反应前后原料与生成物的IR谱图和29SiNMR谱图对比,明确反应进展情况;利用GPC分析结果,通过对比反应前后原料和产物的分子量变化信息,确定生成了目标产物。关键词:无溶剂烯丙基聚醚硅氢化反应聚醚硅油硅油磷酸酉旨天津工业大学硕!_毕业论义ABSTRACTThisthesistooktheleadinsynthesizingmanydifferentstructuresiliconepolyetherphosphatecopolymers(PK)intheabsenceofsolvent,andstudyingthephysicalandchemicalpropertiesofmaterial、middlingsandproductsparticularly.Firstly,accordingtotheforerunner'sresearch,wesynthesisedmanydifferentstructureallylpolyethersintermediates(AP)andanalysedtheirphysicalandchemicalproperties;Secondly,intheabsenceofsolvent,wepreventedthesaidreactionsandimprovedthehydrosilylationreactionconversionratiobytheadditiveandstudiedthedifferenthydrosilylationconditionsofthedifferentmolecularweightAPandthedifferentSi-Hcontentpolv(hvdrogenmethvl一、iloxane一co一Dimethyl一siloxane)s(HS).Weattainedtheoptimalhydrosilylationtechnicsandsynthesisedaseriesofsiliconepolyethercopolymers(GM).Furthermore,weamendedtheevaluatingmeasureofthehydrosilylationconversionratio.Atlast,intheabsenceofsolvent,westudiedthephosphatereactionconditionandattaintedthebettertechnicsandsynthesisedaseriesofPKsandtestedtheirappliedpropertiesandstructureDuringthecourseofperformingthisthesis,weanalysedthemolecularstructureofthematerial、middlingsandproduct:throughthechemicalmethodsandmodernanalytical.andtestinginstruments.Wetraced七heSi-HcontentandC=Ccontentinthehydrosilylationbythechemicaltitrationandconfirmedthereactionconversionratio.ThemolecularstructureofAP,SHandGMweremeasuredbyIRandSiNMR.ThemolecularweightofAP,SHandGMwereanalysedbyGPC.Thereacti()。progesswasdefinedbycomparingLRspectrumand-`}SiNMRspectrumofthereactantsandthatoftheresultant.Theor)jectproductwasdefinedthroughthemolecularweightchangeattaintedbyGPCofthed天津工业大学硕_卜毕业论文reactantsandthatoftheresultant.Keywords:solventlessallylpolvetherhvdrosilationsiliconepolyethercopolymerssiliconepolyetherphosphatecopolymers111件天津工业大学硕士毕业论文目录第一章前言............................................……11.1课题的提出·...…….................................……·11.2硅油磷酸醋的研究现状................................……s1.2.1国外研究状况·….................................……1.2.1.1合成方法…..................................……1.2.1.2应用领域1.2.2国内研究状况..........……0....................…….....................................……1.3本课题的意义和任务·..................................……·4·6·6·7·8·8n钊︸nCU吃.上峭.1J.1第二章实验部分2.1主要试剂和仪器.......................................……........................................…….....…….....................................……..........……..............................……·10剂器试仪J.土Q自Q自Q自nU1.10乙司.上曰.土11:2烯丙基聚醚合成工艺..……............................……无溶剂法合成聚醚改性硅油工艺无溶剂法合成硅油磷酸酷盐工艺..........................……...........................……q口三以孟O‘Q乙9目,.工月.1115物化指标和性能测试.............……..................……9曰9曰9自9︼2.5.1物化指标的测试...........................…….....……2.5.1.1分子量—邻苯二甲酸配法·........................……1.2不饱和度........……........................……二。13QdqUdJA工Ald立dJ1人..土,l人J.1,,1,.上,上1.3粘度…,’·’.........................…….......……1.4挥发分……................……...............……1.5PH值.,,.,,.,·1.6含氢硅油含氢量...........……....……0.......…….....................……........……1.7聚醚改性硅油的轻值二.…......................………1.8聚醚改性硅油的分子量1.9硅油磷酸酷盐的游离酸、.........……..............……总酸度、单双酷的测试二,…….…二dl卜Jl从dl﹄JL匀尸匀二JL匀..……O自O白9︼O乙q山O白O白O自尸01队dl人Jl卜d司l齐,.1J.I工‘1.…2.5.2应用性能的测试···························……”.”’二2.5.2.1表面张力—环法·····……’.…”.’…’.”.”’.”二2.5.2.2乳化性。。。.。·。。.。。二。.。。.。。。。。。。。。。。二。.。。。.。二。。.。.。2.5.2.3泡沫性···……”·····················........……2.5.2.4润湿性—帆布沉降法···.······················……2.5.2.5抗静电性··························.·.......……。二2.5.2.6平滑性和抱和性··············.·········........……::二二尸O八b卜bt‘︻了叮‘︻了OLIOJ11,.1,.土一.1,,上门.1,.1,.工..土………第三章无溶剂法合成聚醚改性硅油··…...............……3.1烯丙基聚醚的合成工艺及物化性能测试……...............……3.1.1烯丙基聚醚的合成工艺············……3.1.2烯丙基聚醚系列产品的制备及物化性能测试..............……..............……3.2无溶剂法硅氢加成反应的工艺研究.........……..........……3.2.1硅氢加成反应的机理··…….……...................……IV诊天津工业大学硕士毕业论文3.2.2硅氢加成反应的副反应‘,,。。·…,.。。。。。…。。。。。。…。。。。。。。。,·203.2.3减少副反应·...............................................213.2.3.1梭酸及梭酸盐添加剂·····.·························……13.2.3.2含磷的添加剂···································..……213.2.3.3含硫的添加剂·..........................................223.2.3.4含氮的添加剂···············.··················.……。.223.2.4无溶剂法硅氢加成反应正交化实验·...........................233.2.5无溶剂法硅氢加成反应的主要影响因素·.......................253.2.5.1硅氢加成反应效率评价方法的补充二。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。.253.2.5.2添加剂的种类·..........................................253.2.5.3添加剂的用量·····································……263.2.5.4反应温度···············.···················