搜索
制作：舞。忤。武TheMid-AutumnFestivalisatraditionalfestivityforboththeHanandminoritynationalities.ThecustomofworshippingthemooncanbetracedbackasfarastheancientXiaandShangDynasties(2000B.C.-1066B.C.).IntheZhouDynasty(1066B.C.-221B.C.),peopleholdceremoniestogreetwinterandworshipthemoonwhenevertheMid-AutumnFestivalsetsin.ItbecomesveryprevalentintheTangDynasty(618-907A.D.)thatpeopleenjoyandworshipthefullmoon.IntheSouthernSongDynasty(1127-1279A.D.),however,peoplesendroundmooncakestotheirrelativesasgiftsinexpressionoftheirbestwishesoffamilyreunion.Whenitbecomesdark,theylookupatthefullsilvermoonorgosightseeingonlakestocelebratethefestival.SincetheMing(1368-1644A.D.)andQingDynasties(1644-1911A.D.),thecustomofMid-AutumnFestivalcelebrationbecomesunprecedentedpopular.AfterHou’Yi,shotdownnineofthesuns,hehasmarriedwithabeautifulladywhonamedChang’e.Oneday,hebecamehunting（打猎）,mettheQueenMother,thefirsttoseekelixir（长生不老药）,thedoseofimmortality,wewillbeabletoimmediatelyimmortal.WhenHowasreluctantwifeputinthepossessionofimmortalityunderneathhispillow.Threedayslater,hebecamehuntingagain.ShewasnottakingadvantageofHou’Yi,sheswallowedthewholeelixir.ImmediatelyflewtotheMoonbecamecents.一、拜月OntheMid-AutumnFestivalinChinaisaveryancientcustom.Accordingtohistoricalrecords,asearlyastheChoudynasty,theancientkingshadthesuninthevernalequinox,summersolsticeJide,AutumnalEquinoxFestivalmonth,thewintersolsticeHeavencustoms.Theirplaceofworshipcalledonthealtartoaltar,onthealtar,theTempleofHeaven.Groupedinthefourcorners.Beijing,theMingandQingemperorsonthealtaristheplaceonFestival.BookofRitesreads:SonofHeavenspringAsahi,QiuXimonths.DPRKandtheDPRK,ontheeveoftheeve.Ontheeveoftheeveofhere,thatmeansitisnightworshipthemoon.Thiscustomhasnotonlypursuedbythecourtandtheuppernobility,withthedevelopmentofsocietyhasgraduallyaffectedthefolk在我国是一种十分古老的习俗。据史书记载，早在周朝，古代帝王就有春分祭日、夏至祭地、秋分祭月、冬至祭天的习俗。其祭祀的场所称为日坛、地坛、月坛、天坛。分设在东南西北四个方向。北京的月坛就是明清皇帝祭月的地方。《礼记》记载：“天子春朝日，秋夕月。朝日之朝，夕月之夕。”这里的夕月之夕，指的正是夜晚祭祀月亮。这种风俗不仅为宫廷及上层贵族所奉行，随着社会的发展，也逐渐影响到民间Onrumoredancientfolkworshipuglynosalt,piousworshipduringchildhoodon,growuptosuperiormoralpalace,butdonotdrive.AfullmoononAugust15,SonofHeaventoseeherinthemoonlight,feelingthatherbeautyisoutstanding,aftershewasQueen,Mid-AutumnFestivalontheresultingworship.Mid-Chang,tobeauty,knownforyounggirlsworshipiton,willingtolooklikethegoddessofthemoon,faceasbrightmoon.相传古代齐国丑女无盐，幼年时曾虔诚拜月，长大后，以超群品德入宫，但未被宠幸。某年八月十五赏月，天子在月光下见到她，觉得她美丽出众，后立她为皇后，中秋拜月由此而来。月中嫦娥，以美貌著称，故少女拜月，愿“貌似嫦娥，面如皓月”。二、月饼Thereisthisstoryaboutthemoon-cake.duringtheYuandynasty(A.D.1280-1368)ChinawasruledbytheMongolianpeople.LeadersfromtheprecedingSungdynasty(A.D.960-1280)wereunhappyatsubmittingtotheforeignrule,andsethowtocoordinatetherebellionwithoutbeingdiscovered.Theleadersoftherebellion,knowingthattheMoonFestivalwasdrawingnear,orderedthemakingofspecialcakes.Backedintoeachmooncakedwasamessagewiththeoutlineoftheattack.OnthenightoftheMoonFestival,therebelssuccessfullyattachedandoverthrewthegovernment.Today,mooncakesareeatentocommemoratethislegendandwascalledtheMoonCake.Forgenerations,mooncakeshavebeenmadewithsweetfillingsofnuts,mashedredbeans,lotus-seedpasteorChinesedates,wrappedinapastry.Sometimesacookedeggyolkcanbefoundinthemiddleoftherichtastingdessert.PeoplecomparemooncakestotheplumpuddingandfruitcakeswhichareservedintheEnglishholidayseasons.Nowadays,therearehundredsvarietiesofmooncakesonsaleamonthbeforethearrivalofMoonFestival.PeopleindifferentpartsofChinahavedifferentwaystocelebratetheMid-AutumnFestival.InGuangzhouinSouthChina,ahugelanternshowisabigattractionforlocalcitizens.Thousandsofdifferentlyshapedlanternsarelit,formingafantasticcontrastwiththebrightmoonlight.InEastChina‘sZhejiangProvince,watchingthefloodtide（潮水）oftheQian-tangRiverduringtheMid-AutumnFestivalisnotonlyamustforlocalpeople,butalsoanattractionforthosefromotherpartsofthecountry.Theebbandflowoftidescoincidewiththewaxingandwaningofthemoonasitexertsastronggravitationalpull.Inmidautumn,thesun,earthandmoonsendoutstronggravitationalforcesupontheseas.ThemouthoftheQiantangRiverisshapedlikeabugle.Sothefloodtidewhichformsatthenarrowmouthisparticularlyimpressive.Spectatorscrowdontheriverbank,watchingtheroaringwaves.Atitspeak,thetiderisesashighasthreeandahalfmeters.三、诗人辞赋Idescrybrightmoonlightinfrontofmybed.Isuspectittobehoaryfrostonthefloor.Iwatchthebrightmoon,asItiltbackmyhead.Iyearn,whilestooping,formyhomelandmore.静夜思--李白海上生明月,天涯共此时.Overtheseathemoonisontherise,Weallappreciateitsbrightnesswhereverwelie.情人怨遥夜,竟夕起相思.I’mcomplainingaboutthelonglongnight,ForI’mmissingyoumoreandmorewithtimepassingby.灭烛怜光满,披衣觉露滋.Iblowoutthecandle,yettheroomisfulloflight.Iputonmycoat,yetstillfeelthecoldofdewinside.不堪盈手赠,还寝梦佳期.Itishardtopresentyouwithmyhandsthegracefulmoonlight,Iwouldrathersleepearliertomeetyouinmydreamtonight.望月怀远--张九龄明月几时有，把酒问青天Whenwillthemoonbeclearandbright?Withacupofwineinmyhand,Iaskthebluesky.不知天上宫阙，今夕是何年Idon‘tknowwhatseasonitwouldbeintheheavensonthisnight.我欲乘风归去,又恐琼楼玉宇I’dliketoridethewindtoflyhome.YetIfearthecrystalandjademansionsaremuchtoohigha