基于单片机的仓库温度监测系统设计与制作

1大连海事大学毕业论文二○一四年六月┊┊┊┊┊┊┊装┊┊┊┊┊┊┊订┊┊┊┊┊┊┊线┊┊┊┊┊┊┊基于单片机的仓库温度监测系统设计与制作专业班级：电子信息科学与技术1班姓名：王振华指导教师：金国华信息科学技术学院I摘要本设计是基于AT89C51单片机的多路仓库温度监测系统的设计与制作。利用三个DS18B20分别采集三路温度，由LCD1602液晶显示屏实时显示路数和该路的温度，实现对仓库温度的实时监测。本设计主要包括温度传感器DS18B20、单片机AT89C51和LCD1602等器件，硬件电路包括温度检测电路、温度控制电路和一些接口电路等辅助电路，软件设计主要包括液晶显示程序、温度检测程序、温度转换命令子程序、计算温度子程序和显示数据刷新子程序几个模块。设计电路工作原理为：首先，由三路DS18B20温度传感器芯片测量各路当前的温度，并将结果分别送入单片机。然后，通过AT89C51单片机芯片对送来的测量温度读数进行计算和转换，井将此结果分别送入液晶显示模块，如果测量温度超过预定值，单片机同时也会把信号传递给报警电路单元。最后，LCD1602芯片将送来的值依次循环显示于显示屏上。借助仿真工具Proteus和单片机编程软件Keil实现系统软、硬件的交互仿真，并进行了电路的焊接和调试，实现了课题设计目的。关键词：AT89C51单片机；温度传感器；DS18B20；LCD1602IIABSTRACTThisdesignisbasedonAT89C51multiplexwarehousetemperaturemonitoringsystemdesignandproduction.UsingthreeDS18B20temperaturesensocollectedthreeroad,respectivelybytheLCD1602LCDreal-timedisplaytheimletandthetemperatureofthechain,realizethereal-timemonitoringoftemperatureinthewarehouse.ThedesignincludestemperaturesensorDS18B20,MCUT89C51A,LCD1602andotherdevices.Hardwarecircuitincludesthetemperaturesensingcircuit,thetemperaturecontrolcircuit,anumberofinterfacecircuitsandotherauxiliarycircuits,SoftwaredesignmainlyincludestheLCDdisplayprogram,temperaturedetection,temperatureconversioncommandsubroutineanddisplaysubroutine,calculationtemperaturedatarefreshsubroutinemodules.Thecircuredesignworksasfollows:BythefourroadchipDS18B20temperaturesensormeasurementofvariouscurrenttemperature,andtheresultintothisLCDmodulethroughtheAT89C51,ifthemeasuredtemperatureexceedsapredeterminedvalue,themicrocontrollerwillalsosendsignalstothealarmcircuitmodule.LCD1602sendsthevalueofthechipswhichwillbeinturnshownonthescreen.ThesysteminteractionsimulationofhardwareandsoftwarehasbeenrailizedwithsimulationtoolsProteusandSCMprogrammingsoftwareKeil.Theauthorperformsthecirtcuitconnectionanddebuggingcombinedwithimplementingthedesigngoaloftheproject.Keywords:AT89C51Microcontroller;Temperaturesensor;DS18B20;LCD1602III目录第1章绪论........................................................................................................11.1课题研究的背景及意义.......................................................................11.2温度传感器国内外现状及水平...........................................................11.3课题设计任务与目的...........................................................................21.4设计思路...............................................................................................2第2章系统设计..................................................................................................32.1方案设计...............................................................................................32.1.1设计方案一................................................................................32.1.2设计方案二................................................................................32.1.3设计方案三................................................................................32.2系统整体设计方框图...........................................................................4第3章电子器件介绍........................................................................................53.1单片机...................................................................................................53.1.1单片机的结构............................................................................53.1.2AT89C51简介...........................................................................53.1.3AT89C51引脚功能...................................................................63.1.4芯片擦除....................................................................................83.2DS18B20温度传感器..........................................................................83.2.1DS18B20的主要特性...............................................................83.2.2DS18B20的外形和内部结构...................................................93.2.3DS18B20工作原理.................................................................133.2.4DS18B20的外部电源供电方式.............................................143.3LCD1602液晶显示器........................................................................153.3.1引脚定义..................................................................................153.3.2指令介绍..................................................................................163.3.3显示自定义字符......................................................................16第4章硬件电路设计......................................................................................184.1系统的硬件组成.................................................................................184.2单片机的典型电路.............................................................................184.2.1时钟电路..................................................................................184.2.2复位电路..................................................................................194.3显示电路.............................................................................................19IV4.4温度检测电路.....................................................................................204.5温度报警电路....................................................................................