UN(联合国介绍)

Introduction•TheUnitedNations(UN)isanintergovernmentalorganizationestablishedon24October1945topromoteinternationalco-operation•Atitsfounding,theUNhad51memberstates;therearenow193.theobjectivesofUN•maintaininternationalpeaceandsecurity,•promotehumanrights,•fostersocialandeconomicdevelopment,•protecttheenvironment,•providehumanitarianaidincasesoffamine,naturaldisaster,andarmedconflict.EmblemFlagNewYorkCityUN’sheadquarterPrincipleoffices:GenevaViennaNairobi……sixprincipalorgans1.GeneralAssembly2.SecurityCouncil3.Secretariat4.EconomicandSocialCouncil5.InternationalCourtofJustice6.TrusteeshipCouncilGeneralAssembly•“worldparliament”•OneseatandonevoteSecurityCouncil•ischargedwithmaintainingpeaceandsecurityamongcountries.5arepermanent•15members•10arenon-permanent••Secretariat•Secretary-General•(providesoveralladministrativeguidance)安东尼奥·古特雷斯EconomicandSocialCouncil(ECOSOC)•54membersareelectedbytheGeneralAssemblyathree-yearterm.•functions:informationgathering,advisingmembernations,andmakingrecommendations.InternationalCourtofJustice(ICJ)•TheHague,intheNetherlands•theprimaryjudicialorgan•15judges9-yeartermsareappointedbytheGeneralAssemblyeverysittingjudgemustbefromadifferentnation.TrusteeshipCouncil•examineanddiscussreportsfromtheAdministeringAuthorityonthepolitical,economic,socialandeducationaladvancementofthepeoples•suspendedoperationsin1994,upontheindependenceofPalau,thelastremainingUNtrusteeterritory.Specializedagenciesthebest-knownagencies•theInternationalAtomicEnergyAgency,•theFoodandAgricultureOrganization,•UNESCO(UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization),•theWorldBank,•theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO).language•Arabic,Chinese,English,French,RussianandSpanishlanguage